Lauric acid content in intramuscular fat is a reliable indicator of black soldier fly larvae meal consumption in Muscovy ducks.

The present research investigated if intramuscular fatty acid (FA) profile could distinguish meat from ducks fed with black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) during fattening. By using stepwise linear discriminant analysis on FA profiles of 96 meat samples, lauric acid (C12:0) was found to be the best predictor, accurately differentiating samples with only two misclassifications. The Fisher classification functions indicated that breast samples with lauric acid content above 0.222 % in intramuscular fat would be classified as BSFLM-fed. The Fisher classification functions were also effective in other poultry species fed BSFLM, with only two misclassified samples out of 42 samples from a dataset compiled from published papers. Misclassifications were linked to an unexpected lauric acid content in the intramuscular fat. In conclusion, given that BSFLM is the only relevant source of lauric acid in the diet, this fatty acid could identify meat from BSFLM-fed ducks and possibly other poultry species, warranting further exploration of other FA as potential identifiers of BSFLM-fed poultry.

Former foodstuffs in feed: a minireview of recent findings.

The sustainability of all productive activities, including livestock farming, becomes a fundamental challenge in the current scenario. Livestock production faces both old and new challenges related to climate change, food safety, and feed-food competition. The latter aspect has recently become a hot topic, and many researchers are turning their attention to this issue. According to circular economy principles, former foodstuffs have characteristics that make them a promising source of raw material for animal feed. The main objective of the present review is to provide a brief overview of the most recent studies (published between 2016 and 2022) addressing the dietary inclusion of former foodstuffs for livestock. The articles analyzed cover key findings from both in vitro and in vivo studies of former foodstuffs included in the diets for pigs, cows, and broilers, and assess the associated safety aspects. The articles provide information on livestock performances and product quality, as well as feed digestibility, fecal microbiota, and blood analysis. Although the evidence supports the inclusion of former foodstuffs in livestock diets as a safe, effective, and sustainable ingredient, this analysis of the most recent literature also highlights gaps in our knowledge that need to be filled. The present overview will help researchers plan future research and standardize and promote the inclusion of former food products in livestock diets.

Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en Aragón y variaciones según condicionantes de salud / Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón and variations according to health determinants

Introducción: La obesidad infantil constituye un grave problema de salud global en continuo aumento en todo el mundo. Muchos estudios señalan que determinados factores socioeconómicos están relacionados con el desarrollo de obesidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en Aragón, calculadas según los estándares de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y estudiar su relación con factores socioeconómicos. Material y métodos: Se recopiló información sobre la totalidad de la población infantil de Aragón entre dos y 14 años y cada individuo fue clasificado como normopeso, sobrepeso u obesidad según su índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se obtuvieron las prevalencias por provincias y zonas básicas de salud (ZBS). Utilizamos el índice de privación (IP) de Aragón como marcador de la situación socioeconómica. Resultados: La muestra final estuvo constituida por 161.335 niños (51%) y niñas (49%) de dos a 14 años. La prevalencia global de sobrecarga ponderal (SP) fue de 31,1% (17,7% sobrepeso y 13,3% obesidad), siendo significativamente mayor en niños. Detectamos un porcentaje elevado (65%) de infrarregistro en la historia clínica.Se encontró una relación directa entre el IP y la prevalencia de obesidad y SP en todo Aragón, con una fuerte correlación significativa en zonas urbanas, en las que los factores socioeconómicos llegan a explicar hasta 66,4% de la obesidad y 48,9% de la SP total. Conclusiones: En Aragón, la prevalencia de obesidad y SP es elevada y está relacionada con una situación socioeconómica familiar desfavorable. (AU)

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a serious global health problem that is continuously increasing worldwide. Many studies suggest that socioeconomic factors are related to the development of obesity. The objective of our study was to analyse the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón, calculated applying the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, and to study its association with socioeconomic factors. Material and methods: We collected data for the entire paediatric population of Aragón aged 2–14 years. We classified each child as normal weight, overweight or obese based on the body mass index. We calculated prevalences by province and basic health care zone. To analyse differences in relation to social inequalities, we used the Aragón deprivation index as an indicator of socioeconomic status. Results: The final sample consisted of 161 335 children aged 2–14 years, 51% male and 49% female. The overall prevalence of excess weight was 31.1% (17.7% overweight and 13.3% obesity) and was significantly higher in boys. We found a high frequency of under-recording in health records (65%). There was a direct association between the deprivation index and the prevalence of obesity and overweight throughout Aragón, with a significant strong correlation in urban areas, where socioeconomic factors explained up to 66.4% of obesity and 48.9% of body weight excess. Conclusions: In Aragón, the prevalence of obesity and excess weight is high and associated with low family socioeconomic status. (AU)

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón and variations according to health determinants.

INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is a serious global health problem that is continuously increasing worldwide. Many studies suggest that socioeconomic factors are related to the development of obesity. The objective of our study was to analyse the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón, calculated applying the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, and to study its association with socioeconomic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected data for the entire paediatric population of Aragón aged 2-14 years. We classified each child as normal weight, overweight or obese based on the body mass index. We calculated prevalences by province and basic health care zone. To analyse differences in relation to social inequalities, we used the Aragón deprivation index as an indicator of socioeconomic status. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 161 335 children aged 2-14 years, 51% male and 49% female. The overall prevalence of excess weight was 31.1% (17.7% overweight and 13.3% obesity) and was significantly higher in boys. We found a high frequency of under-recording in health records (65%). There was a direct association between the deprivation index and the prevalence of obesity and overweight throughout Aragón, with a significant strong correlation in urban areas, where socioeconomic factors explained up to 66.4% of obesity and 48.9% of body weight excess. CONCLUSIONS: In Aragón, the prevalence of obesity and excess weight is high and associated with low family socioeconomic status.

Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in the Gastropod Concholepas concholepas: Variability, Toxin Profiles and Mechanisms for Toxicity Reduction.

Harmful algal blooms of toxin-producing microalgae are recurrent in southern Chile. Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) outbreaks pose the main threat to public health and the fishing industry in the Patagonian fjords. This study aims to increase understanding of the individual and spatial variability of PSP toxicity in the foot of Concholepas concholepas, Chile's most valuable commercial benthic invertebrate species, extracted from the Guaitecas Archipelago in Chilean Patagonia. The objective is to determine the effect of pigment removal and freezing during the detoxification process. A total of 150 specimens (≥90 mm length) were collected from this area. The live specimens were transferred to a processing plant, where they were measured and gutted, the foot was divided into two equal parts, and pigment was manually removed from one of these parts. The PSP toxicity of each foot (edible tissue) was determined by mouse bioassay (MBA) and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and postcolumn oxidation (HPLC-FLD PCOX). The individual toxicity per loco, as the species is known locally, varied from <30 to 146 µg STX diHCL eq 100 g−1 (CV = 43.83%) and from 5.96 to 216.3 µg STX diHCL eq 100 g−1 (CV = 34.63%), using MBA and HPLC, respectively. A generalized linear model showed a negative relation between individual weight and toxicity. The toxicological profile showed a dominance of STX (>95%), neoSTX and GTX2. The removal of pigment produced a reduction in PSP toxicity of up to 90% and could represent a good detoxification tool moving forward. The freezing process in the muscle with pigment did not produce a clear pattern. There is a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of PSP toxicity via PCOX but not MBA. Furthermore, the study discusses possible management and commercialization implications of the findings regarding small-scale fisheries.

Influence of Dietary Algae Meal on Lipid Oxidation and Volatile Profile of Meat from Lambs with Competent Reticular Groove Reflex.

Dietary lipid sources influence intramuscular fatty acid composition, which in turn may affect the volatile profile of meat. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of marine algae supplementation (Aurantiochytrium limacinum) on volatile compounds of cooked lamb meat. Forty-eight lambs with 42 days of age were divided into three groups: lambs fed a conventional diet without algae meal supplementation (NOALG), lambs with competent reticular groove reflex (RGR) fed the same diet supplemented with 2.5% marine algae meal mixed in the concentrate (ALGCON), and lambs with competent RGR, receiving the same diet and fed with 2.5% marine algae meal in a milk replacer to bypass the rumen (ALGMILK). Lipid and protein oxidation in raw meat was assessed and volatile compounds in grilled meat were determined. The highest and lowest lipid oxidations were observed in the ALGMILK and NOALG groups, respectively. Protein oxidation was unaffected. Out of 56 identified compounds, 12 volatiles significantly increased in both algae groups and 6 of them exclusively in the ALGCON treatment. Algae meal supplementation and its form of administration, either protected or not from rumen degradation, are important factors to consider in lipid oxidation and the aromatic profile of lamb meat.

Evaluation of Two Equations for Prediction of Digestible Energy in Mixed Feeds and Diets for Horses.

Several authors have developed equations for estimating digestible energy in horse feeds as an alternative to the inconveniences of in vivo digestibility assays. We aimed to evaluate two of such equations. A dataset was constructed from the literature with 32 mixed feeds and diets of known proximate composition, whose digestibility was measured in in vivo assays. Then, the digestible energy of the mixed feeds and diets was predicted with both equations from their proximate components. Precision, accuracy, reproducibility, bias, and decomposition of total error of predictions were determined. Both equations performed almost equally well (R2 = 0.89 vs. 0.87, root mean square error of prediction = 183 vs. 217 kcal/kg dry matter, concordance correlation coefficient = 0.91 vs. 0.86, and linear error = 24.6 vs. 33.6% of total error). Linear bias (p < 0.01 in both equations) resulted in overvaluation of low digestible energy feeds and, to a lesser extent, undervaluation of high digestible energy feeds and was significantly (p < 0.05) related to crude fiber. The obtained results indicate that the accuracy of both equations could be improved by reassessing the effects of crude fiber on the digestibility of the other proximate components.

Eritema ab igne tras exposición prolongada a un radiador / Erythema ab igne after prolonged exposure to a radiator

El eritema ab igne es una lesión cutánea hiperpigmentada producida por la exposición prolongada y repetida a una fuente de calor. El diagnóstico es clínico y el tratamiento consiste en evitar nuevas exposiciones a la fuente de calor, desapareciendo la lesión en el transcurso de varias semanas o meses. El principal riesgo a largo plazo si se mantiene la exposición es el desarrollo de tumores malignos cutáneos (AU)

Erythema ab igne is a hyperpigmented skin lesion caused by prolonged and repeated exposure to a heat source. It is a clinical diagnosis and the treatment consists of avoiding additional exposure to the heat source, with the lesion disappearing over the course of several weeks or months. The main long-term risk if exposure is maintained is the development of malignant skin tumours. (AU)

Emergent Endovascular Repair of a Ruptured Ascending Aorta Pseudoaneurysm With Thoracic Aortic Stent Graft.

Pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta is a rare complication of cardiac surgery due to tissue degeneration at the site of graft anastomosis, aortotomy, or extracorporeal circulation cannulation. We describe the case of a patient who developed an ascending aorta pseudoaneurysm after coronary artery bypass graft surgery, which initially required percutaneous closure with an atrial septal defect occlusion device. However, three years later the patient presented again with active external bleeding secondary to pseudoaneurysm enlargement and rupture, which was emergently repaired by percutaneous endovascular repair with a thoracic aortic stent graft. At one-year follow-up the patient is in good conditions and asymptomatic.

Effects of Extending Milk Replacer Feeding during the Fattening Period on the Behaviour and Welfare of Lambs: A Preliminary Study.

There is a lack of information on the behavioural and welfare effects of sustaining artificial milk feeding in fattening lambs. Therefore, the present work aimed to study the effects of prolonged artificial milk feeding during fattening with a high concentrate diet on the behaviour of lambs. The behaviour of 16 non castrated male lambs of the Manchega sheep breed (eight lambs were in the group that were fed daily a bottle of milk, and the other eight were in the weaned group) was recorded with four fixed cameras just before bottle feeding (~8:30 a.m.) of the unweaned group till four hours later, every day for 7 weeks. The solid diet (pelleted concentrate plus cereal straw) and housing conditions were the same in both groups. Solid feeds were offered ad libitum. There were no differences between groups in time spent eating nor in drinking, playing, scratching and oral activity behaviours (p > 0.05), but resting episodes were longer in weaned lambs (p < 0.05). Weaned lambs presented a higher frequency of self-grooming behaviour (p < 0.05), while the unweaned group performed a higher frequency of interaction behaviour (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the behaviours of lambs that were fed daily a bottle of milk during the fattening period did not substantially differ from the weaned individuals.

[Epidemiological factors associated with safety incidents due to patient behavior reported in the hospital setting.] / Factores epidemiológicos asociados a incidentes de seguridad por comportamiento del paciente notificados en el medio hospitalario.

OBJECTIVE: Incident reporting systems are an essential element in hospital safety programs. Our objective was to describe the magnitude, evolution and characteristics of adverse events due to patient behavior reported in a high complexity reference university hospital. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Period 2016-2019. From the hospital registry of adverse events, the notifications of the taxonomy "Patient behavior" were obtained. They were classified according to: type of behavior, category of the reporting professional, care area, sex of the patient/companion, risk and year. The χ² test for the comparison of qualitative variables was used, and using a generalized linear model with Poisson distribution, prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. RESULTS: Patient behavior reported incidents represented the 8.2%. There was an increasing trend with a slight decrease in the last year (2016 12.4%; 2017 29.5%; 2018 32.5% and 2019 25.6%). The areas of neurological and psychiatric diseases, and emergencies reported 36.9% and 19.7% of the cases, respectively. Nursing was the most reporting group (73.2%). More than 60% of notifications involved male patients. The PR doubled in escapes or attempts (2.2;95%CI=1.4-3.5), tripling in non-compliance with hospital rules (3.0;95%CI=1.9-4.7) and aggressive or intimidating behaviors (3.4:95% CI=2.2-5.3). CONCLUSIONS: An increase in notifications related to patient behaviors is observed, with a slight decrease in the last year. This study objectively shows and characterizes a problem that is now especially relevant due to the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, which quality and clinical safety programs must consider to minimize the associated risks.

OBJETIVO: Los sistemas de notificación de incidentes son un elemento esencial en los programas de seguridad clínica. Nuestro objetivo fue describir la magnitud, evolución y características de acontecimientos adversos por comportamiento del paciente notificados en un hospital universitario de referencia de alta complejidad. METODOS: Estudio transversal. Periodo 2016-2019. Del registro hospitalario de acontecimientos adversos, se obtuvieron las notificaciones de taxonomía "Comportamiento del paciente". Se clasificaron según: tipo de comportamiento, categoría profesional del notificante, área asistencial, sexo del paciente/acompañante, riesgo y año. Se empleó el test χ² de comparación de variables y mediante un modelo lineal generalizado con distribución Poisson se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). RESULTADOS: Las notificaciones por comportamiento del paciente representaron el 8,2%. Hubo una tendencia creciente con una ligera disminución en el último año (2016 12,4%; 2017 29,5%; 2018 32,5% y 2019 25,6%). Las áreas de enfermedades neurológicas y psiquiátricas, y la de urgencias notificaron un 36,9% y 19,7% de los casos, respectivamente. Enfermería fue el estamento más notificador (73,2%). Más del 60% de notificaciones implicaron pacientes de sexo masculino. La RP se duplicó en fugas o tentativas (2,2; IC95%=1,4-3,5), triplicándose en incumplimiento de normas hospitalarias (3,0; IC95%=1,9-4,7) y conductas agresivas o intimidatorias (3,4; IC95%= 2,2-5,3). Hubo una tendencia creciente con una ligera disminución en el último año. CONCLUSIONES: Se observa un incremento de notificaciones relacionados con conductas del paciente, con una ligera disminución el último año. Este estudio objetiva y caracteriza un problema ahora especialmente relevante por la influencia de la pandemia COVID-19 sobre la salud mental, que los programas de calidad y seguridad clínica deben considerar para minimizar los riesgos asociados.

Improvement in broiler performance by feeding a nutrient-dense diet after a mild feed restriction / Mejora del rendimiento en pollos de engorde mediante una dieta rica en nutrientes tras una ligera restricción alimenticia / Melhoria dos rendimentos de frangos de corte de uma dieta rica em nutrientes após uma restrição ligeira

Abstract Background: The use of early nutrient-restriction programs in broilers can prevent complications such as increased body fat deposition and its consequences. However, feed restriction not always gives the expected results. Objective: To assess the effect of two levels of feed restriction followed by a re-alimentation period with five increasing nutrient levels on growth performance and immune response of broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 330 animals were used. The treatments were: 25 (T25) and 35% (T35) quantitative feed restriction during the starting period, and 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 15% increased energy and protein contents during the growing and finishing periods. Results: For all the T25 treatments, except for T25-0, feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) were higher, and feed conversion rate (FCR) was lower (p<0.05) compared to the control treatment. In that group, the response of FI and BWG to the increased nutrient density was mostly quadratic (p<0.001), whereas that of FCR was linear (p<0.001). The FI and BWG results were less homogeneous in the T35 treatments, but FCR was lower compared to the control treatment (p<0.05) in all of them. The FCR showed no differences (p>0.05) between treatments during the finishing period. Conclusion: Feeding a nutrient-dense diet after a period of mild feed restriction gives the best results, while increasing nutrient density after a more severe feed restriction does not improve productive results compared to a standard diet. Carcass traits and immune function were not affected by restriction level or nutrient density.

Resumen Antecedentes: El uso de programas de restricción alimenticia temprana en pollos de engorde puede prevenir el incremento de la deposición de grasa corporal y sus consecuencias. Sin embargo, la restricción alimenticia no proporciona siempre los resultados esperados. Objetivo: Investigar los efectos de dos niveles de restricción alimenticia seguida por un período de realimentación con cinco niveles crecientes de nutrientes sobre el rendimiento productivo y la respuesta inmune de pollos de engorde. Métodos: Se utilizaron 330 animales. Los tratamientos fueron: restricción cuantitativa del 25 (T25) y del 35% (T35) durante el periodo de iniciación y aumento de la energía y contenido proteico de la dieta del 0, 2,5, 5, 7,5, 10 y 15% durante los periodos de crecimiento y finalización. Resultados: Para casi todos los T25 el consumo de alimento (FI) y el aumento de peso corporal (BWG) fueron mayores y el índice de conversión (FCR) menor (p<0,05) en comparación con el control. La respuesta del FI y el BWG al aumento de la densidad de nutrientes en este grupo fue mayoritariamente cuadrática (p<0,001), mientras que en el caso del FCR fue lineal (p<0,001). Los resultados del FI y el BWG fueron menos homogéneos en los T35, pero el FCR fue menor que en el control (p<0,05). El FCR no mostró diferencias (p>0,05) entre tratamientos durante el periodo de acabado. Conclusión: La alimentación con una dieta rica en nutrientes después una restricción ligera proporciona los mejores resultados, mientras que el incremento de la densidad de la dieta después de una restricción severa no mejora los resultados productivos en comparación con una dieta estándar. Las características de la canal y la respuesta inmune no se vieron afectadas por el nivel de restricción o la densidad de nutrientes de la dieta.

Resumo Antecedentes: O uso de programas de restrição precoce de nutrientes em frangos de corte tem o potencial de prevenir complicações como o aumento da deposição de gordura corporal e suas consequências. No entanto, a restrição alimentar nem sempre dá os resultados esperados. Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos de dois níveis de restrição alimentar seguidos de um período de re-alimentação com cinco níveis crescentes de nutrientes no rendimento produtivo e na resposta imune de frangos de corte. Métodos: Foram utilizados 330 animais. Os tratamentos foram: restrição quantitativa de 25 (T25) e 35% (T35) durante o período inicial e aumento do conteúdo energético e proteico da dieta de 0, 2,5, 5, 7,5, 10 e 15% durante os períodos de crescimento e finalização. Resultados: Para todos os tratamentos T25, menos para T25-0, consumo de ração (FI) e ganho de peso corporal (BWG) foram maiores e a taxa de conversão (FCR) foi menor (p<0,05) o controle. A resposta do FI e do BWG ao aumento da densidade de nutrientes nesse grupo foi principalmente quadrática (p<0,001), enquanto no caso da FCR foi linear (p<0,001). Os resultados do FI e do BWG foram menos homogêneos nos tratamentos T35, mas o FCR foi menor que no tratamento controle (p<0,05). O FCR não apresentou diferenças (p>0,05) entre os tratamentos durante o período de terminação. Nenhuma tendência clara foi observada no peso relativo dos órgãos linfóides ou na resposta imune devido aos tratamentos testados. Conclusão: A alimentação de uma dieta rica em nutrientes após um período de restrição leve proporcionou os melhores resultados, enquanto o aumento da densidade de nutrientes na dieta após uma restrição severa não melhorou os resultados produtivos em comparação com uma dieta padrão.

Intramuscular Fatty Acids in Meat Could Predict Enteric Methane Production by Fattening Lambs.

Methane (CH4) emissions pose a serious problem for the environmental sustainability of ruminant production. The aim of the present study was to explore the usefulness of the intramuscular fatty acid (FA) profile to estimate CH4 production of lambs fattened under intensive feeding systems. A statistical regression analysis of intramuscular FA derived from ruminal metabolism was carried out to assess the best predictive model of CH4 production (g/d) in lambs fed with different diets. CH4 was calculated with three distinct equations based on organic matter digestibility (OMD) at maintenance feeding levels. The OMD of the experimental diets was determined in an in vivo digestibility trial by means of the indicator method. Regression models were obtained by stepwise regression analysis. The three optimized models showed high adjusted coefficients of determination (R2adj = 0.74-0.93) and concordance correlation coefficients (CCC = 0.89-0.98), as well as small root mean square prediction errors (RMSPE = 0.29-0.40 g/d). The best single predictor was vaccenic acid (trans-11 C18:1), a bioactive FA that is formed in the rumen to a different extent depending on dietary composition. Based on our data and further published lamb research, we propose a novel regression model for CH4 production with excellent outcomes: CH4 (g/d) = -1.98 (±1.284)-0.87 (±0.231) × trans-11 C18:1 + 0.79 (±0.045) × BW (R2adj = 0.97; RMSPE = 0.76 g/d; CCC = 0.98). In conclusion, these results indicate that specific intramuscular FA and average BW during fattening could be useful to predict CH4 production of lambs fed high concentrate diets.

Assessment of Age Effects on Ovarian Hemodynamics Using Doppler Ultrasound and Progesterone Concentrations in Cycling Spanish Purebred Mares.

In equine reproduction, accurate and timely detection of the moment of ovulation is of great importance. Power Doppler ultrasound technology is a non-invasive method that enables to assess the morpho-echogenic features and blood flow changes during the estral cycle in mares. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of age on ultrasonographic parameters (follicular diameter, follicular blood flow-FBF, corpus luteum (CL) area and corpus luteum blood flow-CLBF) and blood plasma progesterone concentrations in cycling Spanish Purebred mares (15 less than 8 years old and 15 equal o higher than 8 years old). The ultrasound images obtained were analyzed with the Image Colour Summarizer software, which allows the quantification of the pixels of each image. Young mares had significantly higher FBF, CLBF and plasma progesterone levels. Moreover, linear regression analysis showed that blood progesterone levels could be predicted in both groups from CLBF with moderate precision and accuracy. In conclusion, Power Doppler was useful to assess ovarian hemodynamics. Our results support that age is a factor that significantly influences FBF and CLBF as well as blood progesterone concentration in mares. More studies would be needed to develop high precision and accuracy predictive models of blood progesterone concentration from CLBF measured by Power Doppler.

Estudio de seguimiento del prematuro tardío en un centro de atención primaria. ¿Cuál es la realidad de esta población? / Follow-up study of late premature infants in a primary care centre; what is the reality of this population?

No disponible

[Study of personality and anxiety in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease]. / Estudio de personalidad y ansiedad en niños y adolescentes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the presence of common personality traits and anxiety states in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PATIENTS AND METHOD: Longitudinal, prospecti ve, and analytical study by applying the questionnaires Children's Personality Questionnaire, High School Personality Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, and State-Trait Anxie ty Inventory for patients with IBD aged between 9 and 18 years seen at reference IBD units in Ara gon, Spain. The participants excluded were those with active disease, defined as a score > 10 on the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI Score) or > 10 on the Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI Score). RESULTS: Twenty-six patients participated (73% male). 61.5% pre sented Crohn's disease (CD) and 38.5% ulcerative colitis (UC). No patient presented active disease. The personality profile as a group was characterized by being open, emotionally stable, calm, sober, sensible, enterprising, impressionable, dependent, serene, perfectionist, and relaxed. 50% of the CD patients were enterprising versus no UC patients (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant di fferences when comparing the remaining personality factors based on IBD type, age, or sex. Patients with CD tended to be calmer (p = 0.0511) and patients with UC more introverted (p = 0.0549). The sample presented a state anxiety level (A/E) -1.1 ± 0.8 SD compared with the population average. The level of anxiety as a feature (A/R) was -0.6 ± 1 SD. Males had significantly lower levels than females in the case of A/E (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of common personality traits in the pediatric population with IBD stands out but there was no greater anxiety than in the reference population.

Novel Coronavirus Infection in an Infant with Intussusception.

Background. Intussusception is the leading cause of intestinal obstruction in children under 4 years of age. Viral infections are the associated etiology in most cases, SARS-CoV-2 thereby being a plausible cause, although only 5 cases have been reported worldwide with both entities. We report a case of an infant with Intussusception and covid-19, its clinical approach, and surgical outcomes, throughout a retrospective review of electronic medical chart history with the authorization of the Ethics Committee on research of the "Hospital Universitario del Valle" and endorsement for publication. Case report. It is an 8-month-old male patient with 72 hours of fever 100.4°F; bloody diarrheal stools; episodic abdominal pain; signs of peritoneal irritation and sensation of a mass in the right quadrants of the abdomen. Intussusception confirmed by ultrasound led to surgery, with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a possible differential diagnosis. Surgical findings reported intussusception of the transverse colon, peritonitis, and intestinal ischemia of distal ileum and right colon, for which intestinal resection with consequent ileostomy and a mucous fistula was performed. Positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test result was confirmed. Pediatric intensive care unit support took place at the initial postoperative phase, and eventual intestinal, with enteral feeding tolerance at the fourth day, and respiratory improvement came off within the first week of medical and surgical treatment. Conclusion. Gastrointestinal symptoms are often the leading manifestations of COVID-19 in children, which can be isolated or as a common sign of a concomitant pathology such as intussusception, and they could also have a causal relationship.

Prognostic and predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio after curative rectal cancer resection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in numerous solid malignancies. Here, we quantify the prognostic value of NLR in rectal cancer patients undergoing curative-intent surgery, and compare it with platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). METHODS: A comprehensive search of several electronic databases was performed through January 2021, to identify studies evaluating the prognostic impact of pretreatment NLR in patients undergoing curative rectal cancer resection. The endpoints were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and clinicopathologic parameters. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Thirty-one studies comprising 7553 patients were assessed. All studies evaluated NLR; thirteen and six evaluated PLR and LMR, respectively. High NLR was associated with worse OS (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.60-2.30, P < 0.001) and DFS (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.51-2.22, P < 0.001), and the results were consistent in all subgroup analyses by treatment modality, tumor stage, study location, and NLR cut-off value, except for the subgroups limited to cohorts with cut-off value ≥ 4. The size of effect of NLR on OS and DFS was greater than that of PLR, and similar to that of LMR. Finally, high NLR was associated with lower rate of pathologic complete response. CONCLUSIONS: In the setting of curative rectal cancer resection, pretreatment NLR correlates with tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy, and along with LMR, is a robust predictor of poorer prognosis. These biomarkers may thus help risk-stratify patients for individualized treatments and enhanced surveillance.

Effects of Algae Meal Supplementation in Feedlot Lambs with Competent Reticular Groove Reflex on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Meat Characteristics.

There is growing interest in increasing omega-3 fatty acid (FA) contents in ruminant meat by means of dietary manipulation, but the effects of such manipulation on productive results and meat quality need to be ascertained. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of supplementing lambs with competent reticular groove reflex (RGR) with marine algae as a source of omega-3 fatty acids on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality characteristics. Forty-eight feedlot lambs were distributed into three equal groups: the control group neither consumed marine algae nor had competent RGR, the second group received daily 2.5% of algae meal mixed in the concentrate, and the last group consumed the same amount of algae meal, but emulsified in a milk replacer and bottle-fed. Lambs in the second and third groups had competent RGR. There were not any negative effects on performance, carcass or meat quality parameters with algae supplementation. However, the results of the oxidative stability parameters were not conclusive. Ageing for 6 days improved meat tenderness and color, and increased lipid oxidation. In conclusion, algae meal inclusion in the diet of fattening lambs with competent RGR has no detrimental effects on animal performance, carcass traits or meat quality characteristics.

Feeding Algae Meal to Feedlot Lambs with Competent Reticular Groove Reflex Increases Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Meat.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of supplementing marine algae as a source of omega-3 fatty acids (FA) in the diet, mixed in the concentrate or bottle-fed, on intramuscular fat FA composition of lambs with competent reticular groove reflex (RGR). Forty-eight feedlot lambs were distributed in three equal groups: one group did not consume marine algae nor had competent RGR, the second group received a daily dose (2.5%) of algae meal in the concentrate and the last group consumed the same dose of algae meal emulsified in milk replacer and bottle-fed. Marine algae raised the contents of EPA, DPA, and mainly DHA in the intramuscular fat, but the increase was significantly higher when algae meal was administered with a bottle via RGR. This strategy could contribute to improvements in the marketing of lamb meat by optimizing its status as a healthier food.