Factors associated with the duration of breastfeeding in mothers of babies cared for in a kangaroo family program / Factores asociados a la duración de la lactancia en madres de bebés atendidos en un programa de familia canguro / Fatores associados à duração do aleitamento materno em mães de bebês atendidos em programa família canguru

Goal. To determine the factors associated with the duration of breastfeeding in mothers of babies cared for in a kangaroo family program. Methods. Quantitative, observational study with a secondary source of a retrospective cohort of 707 babies with monitoring at admission, at 40 weeks, at three and at six months of corrected age in the kangaroo family program of a public hospital in the municipality of Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia) from 2016 to 2019. Results. 49.6% of babies were born with low weight for gestational age and 51.5% were female. 58.3% of the mothers were unemployed and 86.2% of them lived with their partner. When entering the kangaroo family program, 94.2% of the babies received breastfeeding and at six months they were 44.7%. The variables that were associated with the duration of breastfeeding up to six months according to the explanatory model were: the mother's cohabitation with her partner (adjusted prevalence ratio - APR: 1.34) and receiving breastfeeding when entering the kangaroo family program (APR: 2.30). Conclusion. The factors related to the duration of breastfeeding in mothers of babies cared for in the kangaroo family program were that the mother lived with her partner and that the mother was breastfeeding when she entered the program, therefore they received education and support from the interdisciplinary team, which could favor confidence and willingness towards breastfeeding.

Objetivo.Determinar los factores asociados a la duración de la lactancia en madres de bebés atendidos en un programa de familia canguro. Métodos. Estudio cuantitativo, observacional con fuente secundaria de una cohorte retrospectiva de 707 bebés con seguimiento al ingreso, a las 40 semanas, a los tres y a los seis meses de edad corregida en el programa familia canguro de un hospital público del municipio de Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia) entre 2016 y 2019. Resultados. El 49.6 % de los bebés nacieron con bajo peso para la edad gestacional y 51.5% eran de sexo femenino. El 58.3% de las madres eran desempleadas y un 86.2 % de ellas convivía con su pareja. Al ingresar al programa familia canguro, el 94.2 % de los bebés recibían lactancia materna y a los seis meses correspondió al 44.7%. Las variables que se asociaron con la duración de la lactancia materna hasta los seis meses según el modelo explicativo fueron: la convivencia de la madre con la pareja (razón de prevalencia ajustada - RPa: 1.34) y recibir lactancia al ingresar al programa familia canguro (RPa: 2.30). Conclusión. Los factores que se relacionaron con la duración de la lactancia en madres de bebés atendidos en el programa de familia canguro fueron, por un lado, que la madre conviviera con su pareja y, por otro, que la madre estuviera lactando al ingreso al programa, por lo que recibieron educación y acompañamiento por parte del equipo interdisciplinario, lo cual pudo favorecer la confianza y disposición hacia la lactancia.

Objetivo.Determinar os fatores associados à duração do aleitamento materno em mães de bebês atendidos em um programa família canguru. Métodos.Estudo quantitativo, observacional com fonte secundária de uma coorte retrospectiva de 707 bebês com acompanhamento na admissão, às 40 semanas, aos três e seis meses de idade corrigida no programa família canguru de um hospital público do município de Rionegro (Antioquia, Colômbia) entre 2016 e 2019. Resultados.49.6% dos bebês nasceram com baixo peso para a idade gestacional e 51.5% eram do sexo feminino. 58.3% das mães estavam desempregadas e 86.2% delas moravam com o companheiro. Ao ingressar no programa família canguru, 94.2% dos bebês receberam aleitamento materno e aos seis meses correspondeu a 44.7%. As variáveis que se associaram à duração do aleitamento materno até seis meses segundo o modelo explicativo foram: a coabitação da mãe com o companheiro (razão de prevalência ajustada - TAEG: 1.34) e receber aleitamento materno ao ingressar no programa família canguru (RPa: 2.30). Conclusão. Os fatores que se relacionaram com a duração do aleitamento materno em mães de bebês atendidos no programa família canguru foram que a mãe morava com o companheiro e que a mãe estava amamentando quando ingressou no programa, para o qual receberam educação e apoio da da equipe interdisciplinar, o que poderia favorecer a confiança e disposição para a amamentação.

Factors associated with the duration of breastfeeding in mothers of babies cared for in a kangaroo family program.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the factors associated with the duration of breastfeeding in mothers of babies cared for in a kangaroo family program. METHODS: Quantitative, observational study with a secondary source of a retrospective cohort of 707 babies with monitoring at admission, at 40 weeks, at three and at six months of corrected age in the kangaroo family program of a public hospital in the municipality of Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia) from 2016 to 2019. RESULTS: 49.6% of babies were born with low weight for gestational age and 51.5% were female. 58.3% of the mothers were unemployed and 86.2% of them lived with their partner. When entering the kangaroo family program, 94.2% of the babies received breastfeeding and at six months they were 44.7%. The variables that were associated with the duration of breastfeeding up to six months according to the explanatory model were: the mother's cohabitation with her partner (adjusted prevalence ratio - APR: 1.34) and receiving breastfeeding when entering the kangaroo family program (APR: 2.30). CONCLUSIONS: The factors related to the duration of breastfeeding in mothers of babies cared for in the kangaroo family program were that the mother lived with her partner and that the mother was breastfeeding when she entered the program, therefore they received education and support from the interdisciplinary team, which could favor confidence and willingness towards breastfeeding.

Non-pharmaceutical interventions for containment, mitigation and suppression of COVID-19 infection.

BACKGROUND: The best scientific evidence is required to design effective Non-pharmaceutical interventions to help policymakers to contain COVID-19. AIM: To describe which Non-pharmaceutical interventions used different countries and a when they use them. It also explores how Non-pharmaceutical interventions impact the number of cases, the mortality, and the capacity of health systems. METHODS: We consulted eight web pages of transnational organizations, 17 of international media, 99 of government institutions in the 19 countries included, and besides, we included nine studies (out of 34 identified) that met inclusion criteria. RESULT: Some countries are focused on establishing travel restrictions, isolation of identified cases, and high-risk people. Others have a combination of mandatory quarantine and other drastic social distancing measures. The timing to implement the interventions varied from the first fifteen days after detecting the first case to more than 30 days. The effectiveness of isolated non-pharmaceutical interventions may be limited, but combined interventions have shown to be effective in reducing the transmissibility of the disease, the collapse of health care services, and mortality. When the number of new cases has been controlled, it is necessary to maintain social distancing measures, self-isolation, and contact tracing for several months. The policy decision-making in this time should be aimed to optimize the opportunities of saving lives, reducing the collapse of health services, and minimizing the economic and social impact over the general population, but principally over the most vulnerable. The timing of implementing and lifting interventions could have a substantial effect on those objectives.

Antecedentes: Se requiere la mejor evidencia científica para diseñar intervenciones no farmacológicas efectivas para ayudar a los formuladores de políticas a contener COVID-19. OBJETIVO: Describir qué intervenciones no farmacológicas utilizaron diferentes países y cuándo las implementaron. También explora cómo las intervenciones no farmacológicas afectan el número de casos, la mortalidad y la capacidad de los sistemas de salud. MÉTODOS: Consultamos ocho páginas web de organizaciones transnacionales, 17 de medios internacionales, 99 de instituciones gubernamentales en los 19 países incluidos, y además, incluimos nueve estudios (de 34 identificados) que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. RESULTADOS: Algunos países implementaron restricciones de viaje, aislamiento de casos identificados y personas de alto riesgo. Otros combinaron varias medidas más drásticas de distanciamiento social. El tiempo para implementar las intervenciones varió desde los primeros quince días después de detectar el primer caso hasta más de 30 días. La efectividad de las intervenciones no farmacológicas combinadas ha demostrado ser efectivas para reducir la transmisibilidad de la enfermedad, el colapso de los servicios de salud y la mortalidad. Cuando se controle el número de casos nuevos, es necesario mantener medidas de distanciamiento social, autoaislamiento y rastreo de contactos durante varios meses. La toma de decisiones políticas en este momento debe tener como objetivo optimizar las oportunidades de salvar vidas, reducir el colapso de los servicios de salud y minimizar el impacto económico y social sobre la población en general, pero principalmente sobre los más vulnerables.

Medidas y adaptaciones para la reapertura segura de escuelas y colegios durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Síntesis rápida / Measures and adaptations for the safe reopening of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rapid Synthesis

En esta síntesis se consideran cuatro elementos que se abordaran de manera independiente: 1. La transmisibilidad y gravedad de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en los niños, niñas y adolescentes. 2. Medidas y adaptaciones para un retorno seguro a las aulas durante la pandemia. 3. Comunicación efectiva con el entorno académico, las familias y la comunidad. 4. Consideraciones de equidad para tener en cuenta en los niños, niñas, adolescentes, padres, profesores e instituciones durante el regreso a la educación presencial. Aunque los gobiernos instauraron la medida de cierre de escuelas para disminuir la transmisión de la enfermedad, y reducir la presión sobre los servicios asistenciales y/o proteger a las poblaciones en riesgo, la evidencia es controvertida sobre el papel de los niños en la transmisión de la infección.

Hallazgos histopatológicos en biopsias de cérvix de pacientes con diagnóstico citológico de atipia de células escamosas de significado indeterminado / Histopathological findings in cervical biopsies from patients with cytological diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance

Introducción: la atipia de células escamosas de significado indeterminado se refiere a cambios citológicos sugestivos de lesión intraepitelial de bajo grado, pero insuficientes para una interpretación definitiva. En nuestro medio, no se conoce la frecuencia de lesiones displásicas en pacientes con atipia de células escamosas de significado indeterminado y no hay certeza de cuál es el abordaje clínico más adecuado. Objetivo: describir los hallazgos histopatológicos en las biopsias o conizaciones realizadas por atipia de células escamosas de significado indeterminado y determinar la necesidad de toma de biopsia en estas pacientes...

Introduction: The term atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance refers to cytological changes suggestive of low-grade intraepithelial lesion that are insufficient for a definitive interpretation. In our region, there are no studies evaluating the frequency of dysplastic lesions in patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and there is no certainty about the most appropriate management. Aim: To describe the histopathological findings in biopsies or conizations performed after a diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance was made on cytology, and to determine the need for biopsy in these patients...