Typical and atypical magnetic resonance imaging manifestation of ovarian mature cystic teratomas: A report of two cases.

The mature teratoma, also known as a dermoid cyst, is the most common type of ovarian teratoma (OT). They constitute 95% of all teratomas and 69% of germ cell tumors, and their heterogeneity leads to various clinical manifestations with a wide range of imaging presentations. We presented 2 patients undergoing pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing a mature cystic teratoma and pathologic examination confirming typical and atypical findings.

Lifesaving diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum using MRI: Report of five cases.

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is defined as abnormal placental adherence or invasion of the myometrium or extrauterine organs. This case series will analyze MRI findings and PAS grading, in addition to emergency situations like massive hematuria and placental invasion with rupture. We report 5 cases of pregnant women with placenta previa with suspected PAS. MRI revealed 1 case of placenta accreta, one case of placenta increta, and 3 cases of placenta percreta. Two cases were emergency situations. All cases were managed with cesarean section. PAS is frequently related to severe obstetric hemorrhage associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality, making diagnosis and management challenging. Ultrasound is the initial diagnostic modality for PAS. Although ultrasound is preferred for PAS diagnosis, MRI provides an effective modality for the analysis of the depth of placental invasion and can be helpful in emergency situations.

Malignant struma ovarii: Case report of an unusual ovarian tumor with CT imaging.

Struma ovarii is categorised as a monodermal type of mature teratoma and consists primarily of thyroid tissue. It is an uncommon ovarian tumor, with non-specific clinical, and imaging findings. The majority of struma ovarii are benign and are typically associated with mature cystic teratomas. A small proportion of struma ovarii may undergo malignant transformation, with papillary carcinoma the most common type of malignancy. The criteria used to identify a malignant change in struma ovarii are identical to those used to evaluate the thyroid gland. Nevertheless, due to the rarity of struma ovarii, imaging diagnostic criteria, and subsequent management are not clearly defined. This case report describes a 41-year-old female patient who presented with rapid abdominal enlargement over a period of 1 month, accompanied by elevation of the tumor marker CA-125. Based on these clinically findings, ovarian cancer was suspected. The patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopathology results revealed a malignant struma ovarii.