Binding affinity of aniline-substituted dodecaborates to cyclodextrins.

A new set of hybrid guest molecules bearing organic and inorganic residues have been studied for their recognition by cyclodextrins in aqueous solution. The guest molecules consist of nitroanilines linked through their amino group to the dodecahydrido-closo-dodecaborate cluster B12H122-, which serves as an anchor group. They show sizable affinity to cyclodextrins, and unexpected photophysical properties, with a very strong and low-energy charge-transfer band. The dodecaborate cluster increases the pKa of the anilines by 5.0 to 5.7 pH units, and the deprotonated forms of the o- and p-nitroaniline derivatives show strong charge transfer absorption bands in the visible part of the spectrum.

B-N bond formation through palladium-catalyzed, microwave-assisted cross-coupling of nitrogen compounds with iodo-dodecaborate.

Substituted undecahydrido-closo-dodecaborates [B12H11NR2]2- have potential use in materials and drugs, but have presented a synthetic challenge. Microwave-assisted palladium-catalyzed amination of iodo-dodecaborate [B12H11I]2- allows mild and reproducible formation of B-N bonds with aromatic amines, HN-containing heteroaromatics, and amides. The reaction allows general access to amides, reproducible reactions to dodecaborate-substituted anilines, and, for the first time, the substitution of dodecaborate with HN-containing heterocycles.

Obesity Does Not Affect Propofol Pharmacokinetics During Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

OBJECTIVE: Because of the lack of data regarding the impact of obesity on propofol pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing cardiac surgery using hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), the authors sought to explore propofol pharmacokinetics and develop a predictive pharmacokinetic model that characterizes and predicts propofol pharmacokinetics in this population. DESIGN: A prospective, observational study. SETTING: A teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: The study comprised 17 obese and 17 control (nonobese) patients undergoing hypothermic CPB. INTERVENTION: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients mainly underwent valve surgery. On initiation of hypothermic CPB (28°C-32°C), patients received a propofol (1%) bolus (1 mg/kg) immediately followed by a 2 mg/kg/h infusion. Blood samples were withdrawn at the following times: before dosing; 1, 3, 5, and 7 minutes after the propofol bolus dose; every 20 minutes during infusion; just before discontinuation of the infusion; and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 20, 30, and 60 minutes after discontinuation of the infusion. The plasma propofol concentration was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, and then data were imported into Monolix (Lixoft, Antony, France) for population pharmacokinetic modeling and pharmacokinetic parameters estimation. A 2-compartment pharmacokinetic model with age as a covariate on the peripheral volume of distribution (V2) best described the pooled data. The pooled data was internally evaluated successfully to describe and predict propofol pharmacokinetics in the addressed population. Propofol clearance, intercompartmental clearance, and central volume of distribution were 805 mL/min, 1140 mL/min and 18.8 L, respectively. V2 was calculated as 9.86×exp.(1.88×[age/40]) L. CONCLUSION: Propofol pharmacokinetic parameters were similar in obese and nonobese patients undergoing hypothermic CPB. Age was the major determinant of propofol V2 in the obese population.