Fatores associados à síndrome pré-menstrual e ao transtorno disfórico pré-menstrual em estudantes da área de saúde / Factors associated with premenstrual syndrome and dysphoric disorder in health students

O estudo avaliou a frequência da síndrome pré-menstrual (SPM) e do transtorno disfórico pré-menstrual (TDPM) e fatores associados entre estudantes de cursos da área de saúde em uma universidade no Recife, Brasil. Realizou-se um corte transversal envolvendo 649 estudantes entre 18 e 47 anos, no período de setembro/2016 a março/2017. As estudantes que aceitaram participar do estudo e assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido responderam a um questionário autoaplicável com dados sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida e antecedentes ginecológicos, bem como questões relacionadas aos critérios diagnósticos de SPM/TDPM. A maioria das estudantes tinha entre 18 e 24 anos (83,2%), era solteira (92,1%), morava com os pais (77,0%) e não trabalhava (84,4%). A frequência de SPM simples foi de 23,3% e da TDPM, de 26,7%. Os sinais e sintomas físicos foram os mais frequentes (84,1%) entre as estudantes com SPM. As 173 estudantes com TDPM relataram como sintomas mais frequentes a irritabilidade (89,6%) e a ansiedade (87,3%) acentuadas. O teste de qui-quadrado foi utilizado para comparar as proporções entre os fatores associados à SPM e ao TDPM, considerando p < 0,05. Os fatores de risco que tiveram associação estatística com a ocorrência de SPM/TDPM foram o índice de massa corporal (IMC) < 25 (p = 0,01) e irregularidade dos ciclos (p = 0,04).(AU)

This study evaluated the frequency of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and associated factors among university students in health courses in Recife, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 649 students aged 18 to 47 years between September 2016 and March 2017. Students who agreed to participate in the study and signed a free informed consent form, was invited to answer a self-administered questionnaire with socio-demographic data, lifestyle and gynecological history, as well as issues related to the diagnostic criteria of PMS/PMDD. Most students were between 18 and 24 years old (83.2%), single (92.1%), living with parents (77.0%) and did not have a job (84.4%). The frequency of simple PMS was 23.3% and PMDD was 26.7%. Physical signs and symptoms were the most frequent (84.1%) among students with PMS. The 173 students with PMDD reported more frequent symptoms of irritability (89.6%) and anxiety (87.3%). The Pearson chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of the factors associated with PMS and PMDD, considering p < 0.05. BMI < 25 (p = 0.01) and cycle irregularity (p = 0.04) were the factors who had a statistically significant association with the occurrence of PMS/PMDD.(AU)

Knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention and factors associated with condom use among adolescents in northeast Brazil.

AIM: To assess the knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention and factors associated with condom use among adolescent. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 outpatient adolescents. Association between knowledge on the transmission of HIV/AIDS and variables were analyzed using the chi-square test. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the factors associated to condom use. RESULTS: The knowledge about HIV/AIDS transmission was high and lower percentages of knowledge were observed regarding the non-transmission of HIV/AIDS. Younger adolescents revealed less knowledge than older adolescents. After multiple logistic regression the following factors were associated with condom use: male gender (p = 0.029), same age between partners (p = 0.002) and having until 1 year elapsed since sexual initiation (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS prevention was satisfactory. However, this does not imply that adolescents put such knowledge to use.

Focal dermal hypoplasia with exuberant fat herniations and skeletal deformities.

Focal dermal hypoplasia or Goltz syndrome is a rare congenital and mesoectodermal dysplasia with multisystemic involvement. Although the genetic alterations responsible for focal dermal hypoplasia are not fully known, there is predominance in affected females, suggesting dominant X-linked inheritance. Besides the skin, other structures frequently involved are the skeletal system, eyes, teeth, hair, and nails. Skeletal abnormalities are predominantly observed in the hands and feet. We report a 9-year-old girl who had typical linear skin atrophy on the trunk, exuberant "fat herniations," several skeletal abnormalities, and exuberant "lobster claw" deformity. In addition, she had the typical longitudinal striations in femur metaphyses. With regard to family history, her mother had one male stillbirth with several deformities. This typical focal dermal hypoplasia patient is considered valuable in light of the affected male stillbirth and parents with nonaffected phenotypes that together provides evidence for mother-to-daughter spontaneous transmission.

Distúrbios cócleo-vestibulares e aspergiloma do seio maxilar / Cochleo vestibular disorders and aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus

Os autores apresentam um caso de aspergilose do seio maxilar com sintomatologia cócleo-vestibular concomitante. Tratava-se de paciente jovem cuja queixa principal era de perda auditiva progressiva do OD com características retro-cocleares (síndrome irritativa de tronco cerebral). Sob o ponto de vista sinusal o paciente era assintomático; o comprometimento do seio maxilar foi diagnosticado durante exame radiológico por acaso. Surpreendentemente, houve uma evoluçäo favorável quanto à sintomatologia otológica quando do tratamento cirúrgico da "sinusite" que, na realidade, era um espergiloma näo invasivo de seio maxilar. Discutem-se as várias facetas da aspergilose naso-sinusal e questiona-se a hipótese de tipo dito "focal" de comprometimento fúngico sinusal