Comparative Analysis of the Visual, Refractive and Aberrometric Outcome with the Use of 2 Intraocular Refractive Segment Multifocal Lenses.

To demonstrate the results of ray tracing higher- and lower-order aberrations in pseudophakic eyes with rotationally asymmetrical segment multifocal lenses, total high- and low-order aberrations, measured by root mean square value (RMS), refraction, uncorrected distance and uncorrected near visual acuity (UCDVA and UCNVA), and tear break-up time, were measured at scotopic size in 42 eyes of patients implanted with bifocal refractive Mplus15/Mplus30 IOL with +1.5 dpt near addition (42 eyes of patients implanted with Mplus15)/+3.0 dpt near addition (91 eyes of patients implanted with Mplus30), and 107 eyes of control group. No significant differences were noticed between the examined groups concerning UCDVA, UCNVA, and tear break-up time (p < 0.001). Coma and total high-order aberrations were significantly higher for the Mplus30 lens in comparison to the Mplus15 lens and the control group (Coma, Trefoil p < 0.001, Secondary Astigmatism p = 0.002). The spherical aberrations were significantly higher in the lower-addition lens (p = 0.016) in comparison to the control group and to the higher-addition lens group (p < 0.001). Both intraocular lens models were successful at reaching refractive aim, good distance, and near function with the lower higher-order aberrations for the low-addition lens.

[Enhanced ocular staining score in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome]. / Zmodyfikowany system barwienia powierzchni oka u chorych na pierwotny zespól Sjögrena.

The authors focus on the assessment of ocular manifestation in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome using the Ocular Staining Score. The method offers the possibility to stain different ocular structures separately: cornea with fluorescein and conjunctiva with lissamine green dye and provides for separate evaluation of abnormalities, unlike the current system assessing ocular damage where ocular tissues are stained either with bengal rose or lissamine green dye. The paper presents new criteria for the diagnosis of dry eye secondary to the autoimmune Sjögren's syndrome and their high specificity (94.7% and 93.3%)ö based on the results of clinical trials in 1618 patients, conducted by an international research team.

Using Spectralis and Stratus optical coherence tomography devices to analyze the retinal nerve fiber layer in patients with open-angle glaucoma - preliminary report.

BACKGROUND: During the study at the Ophthalmology Clinic of Wroclaw Medical University retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was examined in 35 patients with open-angle glaucoma. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to analyse RNFL thickness measurements by 2 different optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 35 patients with open-angle glaucoma (aged 48-76 years, including 20 women and 15 men - 70 eyes) with intraocular pressure below 19 mm Hg, treated pharmacologically. The subjects were examined using a Stratus Time Domain OCT (TD-OCT), produced by Zeiss, and a Spectralis Spectral Domain OCT (SD-OCT), manufactured by Heidelberg Engineering. The OCT examination was carried out with both devices on the same day in random order. RESULTS: The study shows that the results obtained using the 2 devices are correlated, although the average measurements of RNFL thickness were lower for the Spectralis OCT in comparison with those taken by the Stratus OCT. The strongest correlation was found for the temporal and nasal quadrants. CONCLUSIONS: The study results using the Spectralis OCT and Stratus OCT are similar, but not identical, so follow-up tests should be performed on the same apparatus as in the initial testing. Considering the new generation of apparatus and the more precise measurement algorithm, the results obtained using the Spectralis SD-OCT seem more accurate.

[Influence of chronic exposure to heavy metals on eyesight]. / Wplyw przewleklego dzialania metali ciezkich na narzad wzroku.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate relationship between chronic occupational exposure to heavy metals and eyesight, with particular lead influence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The experimental group was composed of 120 workers of Copper Steelwork Plant "Legnica", divided into 2 groups, based on the degree and period of exposure to heavy metals. 75 men hired in direct production with work residency of 7 to 34 years (mean 21.2) made the experimental Group A--the occupationally exposed group. Group B with 45 white-collar men with work residency of 4 to 39 years (mean 19.8) made the environmentally exposed group. All workers underwent complex ophthalmic examination with particular lens investigation following pupil dilation, lead and cadmium level in full blood determination and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) test, as indicator of human body lead overload. RESULTS: Mean lead levels in both groups were considerably higher than permissible concentration in biological material (PCB) for occupationally exposed workers, and was higher for those working directly in production. Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) level was correct in both groups. Lenticular changes were noticed in 26 (21.7%) patients, of whom 18 (69.2%) were hired in direct production. Similarly, fundus changes were shown in 17 patients, 16 (22%) from Group A; changes in field of vision in 3 patients. Furthermore, 15 men working in direct production complained of burning sensation, tearing and periodic redness in the eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Mean blood cadmium and lead levels, higher in occupationally exposed workers was statistically important only in case of lead. However, the correct FEP level indicates that an organism was not overload with lead. In these workers (group A) lenticular changes were observed more often and were more intense (cortex opacitates, posterior subcapsular cataract). Fundus changes noticed in both groups were of low degree and coexisting diseases may have promoted their progression. Field of vision changes noticed in 3 workers may have been caused by lead toxicity to optic nerve. Periodical conjuctival inflammatory states are caused by irritative dust and smoke therefore protective eye wear is indicated.