Juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius) improves time-to-exhaustion cycling performance and increased reduced glutathione: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, and triple-blind study.

To examine the effects of 7-days juçara powder (JP) intake on oxidative stress biomarkers and endurance and sprint cycling performances. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, and triple-blind study, 20 male trained cyclists were assigned to intake 10 g of JP (240 mg anthocyanins) or placebo (PLA) for 7 days and performed a cycling time-to-exhaustion (TTE). A 5 s cycling sprint was performed before and after the cycling TTE. Blood oxidative stress biomarkers and lactate concentration where evaluated 1 h before (T-1), immediately after (T0), and 1 h after (T1) the cycling TTE. The mean duration time for the cycling TTE was 8.4 ± 6.0% (63 ± 17 s) longer in the JP condition (JP: 751 ± 283 s) compared to PLA (688 ± 266 s) (P < 0.019). Two-way repeated measures Analysis of variance showed an increase in the JP condition for reduced glutathione (GSH) (P = 0.049) at T0 (P = 0.039) and T1 (P = 0.029) compared to PLA with a moderate effect size at T0 (d = 0.61) and T1 (d = 0.57). Blood lactate levels increased over time in both conditions (P ≤ 0.001). No differences were observed for the post-TTE sprint fatigue index, total phenols, protein carbonyls, and glutathione peroxidase activity. Seven-day intake of JP improved cycling endurance performance and increased GSH levels but had no effect on lactate and cycling sprint-induced fatigue.

Key Nanotechnology Breakthroughs in Cardiovascular Disease Therapy

Abstract Background It is justified by the high population's morbidity and mortality rate, as well as the increasing present use of nanoparticles in this pathological context. Objectives To describe the main nanotechnology breakthroughs in the field of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and disseminate pertinent information in the literature. Methods This is a systematic review conducted between September and October 2021. The review was carried out through basic nature, following the initial script for the selective reading of articles in chronological order to collect relevant and consistent data related to the theme. Results It is evidenced the main advances of nanotechnology in the field of CVDs, namely, acute coronary syndromes (ACSs), heart failure (HF), and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). Conclusion The importance of further and deeper studies in this area is emphasized, in order to make the already approved treatments feasible, so they can reach all publics at a low cost.

Metabolic Adaptations Correlated with Antibody Response after Immunization with Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 in Brazilian Subjects.

The adsorbed vaccine SARS-CoV-2 (inactivated) produced by Sinovac (SV) was the first vaccine against COVID-19 to be used in Brazil. To understand the metabolic effects of SV in Brazilian subjects, NMR-based metabolomics was used, and the immune response was studied in Brazilian subjects. Forty adults without (group-, n = 23) and with previous COVID-19 infection (group+, n = 17) were followed-up for 90 days postcompletion of the vaccine regimen. After 90 days, our results showed that subjects had increased levels of lipoproteins, lipids, and N-acetylation of glycoproteins (NAG) as well as decreased levels of amino acids, lactate, citrate, and 3-hydroxypropionate. NAG and threonine were the highest correlated metabolites with N and S proteins, and neutralizing Ab levels. This study sheds light on the immunometabolism associated with the use of SV in Brazilian subjects from Rio de Janeiro and identifies potential metabolic markers associated with the immune status.

ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY AND ASSOCIATION WITH SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, DISEASES AND HABITS OF WOMEN RESIDENTS IN PERIPHERY / ANÁLISIS DE LA CAPACIDAD FUNCIONAL Y ASOCIACIÓN CON CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS, ENFERMEDADES Y HÁBITOS DE MUJERES RESIDENTES EN PERIFERIA / ANÁLISE DA CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS, DOENÇAS E HÁBITOS DE MULHERES RESIDENTES EM PERIFERIA

Objective of this study was to estimate functional capacity and analyze the association with sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, morbidity, multimorbidity and falls among elderly women living in a periphery of the city of São Paulo. A cross-sectional study of simple random sampling was carried out, whose study population consisted of 174 women (≥60 years of age) registered and a Unidade Básica de Saúde - (UBS) Jardim Rincão, city of São Paulo, Brazil, were randomly selected in the period of August to December 2015. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed based on sociodemographic variables, life habits, chronic disease, physical activity and self-assessment of functional capacity. The results show a high prevalence of insufficient functional capacity in the population studied, 81.0%. After crude and adjusted logistic regression analysis, no statistical differences were observed in the analyzed variables p>0.05. Thus, the study revealed that sociodemographic variables, life habits, chronic diseases have no effect on the functional capacity of elderly women living in a periphery. Therefore, comprehensive health care actions for the elderly need to be carried out, combining incentives for research in areas of social vulnerability and actions planned to improve disabling conditions.

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la capacidad funcional y analizar la asociación con características sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida, morbilidad, multimorbilidad y caídas entre ancianas residentes en una periferia de la ciudad de São Paulo. Se realizó un estudio transversal de muestreo aleatorio simple, cuya población de estudio estuvo constituida por 174 mujeres (≥60 años) registradas y una Unidade Básica de Saúde - (UBS) Jardim Rincão, ciudad de São Paulo, Brasil, fueron seleccionadas aleatoriamente seleccionados en el período de agosto a diciembre de 2015. Se realizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial a partir de variables sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida, enfermedad crónica, actividad física y autoevaluación de la capacidad funcional. Los resultados muestran una alta prevalencia de capacidad funcional insuficiente en la población estudiada, 81,0%. Después del análisis de regresión logística cruda y ajustada, no se observaron diferencias estadísticas en las variables analizadas p>0,05. Así, el estudio reveló que las variables sociodemográficas, los hábitos de vida, las enfermedades crónicas no tienen efecto sobre la capacidad funcional de las ancianas que viven en la periferia. Por lo tanto, es necesario realizar acciones de atención integral a la salud de las personas mayores, combinando incentivos a la investigación en áreas de vulnerabilidad social y acciones planificadas para mejorar las condiciones de discapacidad.

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a capacidade funcional e analisar a associação com as características sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida, morbidade, multimorbidade e quedas entre mulheres idosas residentes em uma periferia do município de São Paulo. Foi realizado um estudo transversal de amostragem aleatória simples cuja população estudada foi de 174 mulheres (≥60 anos de idade) cadastradas e uma Unidade Básica de Saúde ­ (UBS) Jardim Rincão do município de São Paulo foram selecionadas de maneira aleatória no período de agosto a dezembro de 2015. Foram executadas estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais a partir de variáveis sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida, doença crônica, atividade física e autoavaliação da capacidade funcional. Os resultados evidenciam elevada prevalência de capacidade funcional insuficiente na população estudada 81,0%. Após análise de regressão logística bruta e ajustada, não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas nas variáveis analisadas p>0,05. Assim, o estudo revelou que variáveis sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida, doenças crônicas não possuem efeito sobre a capacidade funcional de idosas residentes de uma periferia. Portanto, ações de atenção integral à saúde das idosas precisam ser efetivadas, aliando o incentivo à pesquisa em áreas de vulnerabilidade social e às ações planejadas para melhorar as condições incapacitantes.

Short- and Long-Term Social Recognition Memory Are Differentially Modulated by Neuronal Histamine.

The ability of recognizing familiar conspecifics is essential for many forms of social interaction including reproduction, establishment of dominance hierarchies, and pair bond formation in monogamous species. Many hormones and neurotransmitters have been suggested to play key roles in social discrimination. Here we demonstrate that disruption or potentiation of histaminergic neurotransmission differentially affects short (STM) and long-term (LTM) social recognition memory. Impairments of LTM, but not STM, were observed in histamine-deprived animals, either chronically (Hdc-/- mice lacking the histamine-synthesizing enzyme histidine decarboxylase) or acutely (mice treated with the HDC irreversible inhibitor α-fluoromethylhistidine). On the contrary, restriction of histamine release induced by stimulation of the H3R agonist (VUF16839) impaired both STM and LTM. H3R agonism-induced amnesic effect was prevented by pre-treatment with donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The blockade of the H3R with ciproxifan, which in turn augmented histamine release, resulted in a procognitive effect. In keeping with this hypothesis, the procognitive effect of ciproxifan was absent in both Hdc-/- and αFMH-treated mice. Our results suggest that brain histamine is essential for the consolidation of LTM but not STM in the social recognition test. STM impairments observed after H3R stimulation are probably related to their function as heteroreceptors on cholinergic neurons.

Severity and disability related to epilepsy from the perspective of patients and physicians: A cross-cultural adaptation of the GASE and GAD scales.

PURPOSE: To perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Global Assessment of Severity of Epilepsy (GASE) and Global Assessment of Disability (GAD) scales to Brazilian Portuguese and compare patients' self-rated scores with their attending physicians' ratings. METHODS: We conducted an observational, multicentre, cross-sectional study. Patients followed up in five epilepsy centres in Brazil responded to GASE and GAD questionnaires and to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Adverse Events Profile, both previously validated in Brazil. GASE and GAD scales were also completed by 20 attending physicians providing care to these patients. RESULTS: A total of 138 patients were interviewed, with a mean age of 39.9 ± 13.81 years and a median of 11 (interquartile range, IQR = 7.5-12) years of education. Eighty-five (61.6%) patients were female. Most patients were diagnosed with focal epilepsy (82.6%). Only 5.8% and 3.6% of respondents reported having difficulty understanding the GASE and GAD, respectively. The patients scored a median of 3 (IQR = 2-5) on the self-perceived GASE and 4 (IQR = 2-6) on the GAD. Physician ratings were moderately to highly correlated with patients' self-perceived scores on the GASE and GAD. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that physicians' GASE and GAD scores predicted 37% and 20% of the patients' self-reported GASE and GAD variation, respectively. CONCLUSION: Brazilian Portuguese cross-cultural adaptation of the GASE and GAD was successful. These scales were found to be easy to use by patients and health professionals, and revealed the burden of epilepsy on patients' lives.

Employment status as a major determinant for lower physical activity of patients with epilepsy: A case-control study.

BACKGROUND: People with epilepsy (PWE) may have a sedentary lifestyle and less physical activity (PA) as they are often advised against engaging in sports, despite a plethora of evidence suggesting seizure control, major health and psychosocial benefits associated with PA. We aimed to investigate PWE's beliefs on PA and their level of PA compared to controls. METHODS: The Baecke questionnaire for measuring habitual PA in adults, comprising three domains (occupational PA, leisure, and locomotion), was applied in 97 consecutive PWE (96.9% with focal epilepsy, 39.2% well controlled with pharmacological treatment) and 45 healthy controls matched for gender, age, and socioeconomic characteristics. RESULTS: The total Baecke score was significantly lower in PWE than controls (7.6 ±â€¯1.5 versus 8.2 ±â€¯1.2; p < 0.01). PWE showed a significantly lower employment rate than controls (34.0% versus 73.3%; p < 0.01), and consequently lower occupational PA (p < 0.01). Physical exercise during sports time (p = 0.23) and leisure activities (p = 0.55) scores were similar between patients and controls. When PWE and controls' sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed together by multiple linear regression, 21% of the Baecke total score variation was explained by diagnosis of epilepsy (B = -0.26; p = 0.05), years of education (B = -0.35; p = 0.03), and occupational status (B = -0.41; p < 0.01). However, diagnosis of epilepsy alone explained only 4% (B = -0.64; p = 0.01) of Baecke total score variation. CONCLUSION: The level of PA in PWE is only slightly lower than in controls (8% lower score) and it may be explained by lower occupational PA, probably related to lower employment rate among PWE.

Ursolic acid has no additional effect on muscle strength and mass in active men undergoing a high-protein diet and resistance training: A double-blind and placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Ursolic acid (UA) is thought to have an anabolic effect on muscle mass in humans. This study sought to compare the effects of UA and a placebo on muscle strength and mass in young men undergoing resistance training (RT) and consuming a high-protein diet. METHODS: A clinical, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted for 8 weeks. The Control + RT group (CON n = 12) received 400 mg/d of placebo, and the UA + RT group (UA n = 10) received 400 mg/d of UA. Both groups ingested ~1.6 g/kg of protein and performed the same RT program. Pre- and post-intervention, both groups were evaluated for anthropometric measures, body composition, food intake and muscle strength. RESULTS: Food intake remained unchanged throughout the study. Both groups showed significant increases in body weight (CON Δ: 2.12 ± 0.47 kg, p = 0.001 vs. UA Δ: 2.24 ± 0.67 kg, p = 0.009), body mass index (BMI) (CON Δ: 0.69 ± 0.15 kg/m2, p = 0.001 vs. UA Δ: 0.75 ± 0.23, p = 0.011) and thigh circumference (CON Δ: 1.50 ± 0.36, p = 0.002 vs. UA Δ: 2.46 ± 0.50 cm, p = 0.003 vs. UA 1.84 ± 0.82 cm, p = 0.001), with differences between them. There was no difference in the arm, waist and hip circumferences. Both groups showed increases in muscle mass (CON Δ: 1.12 ± 0.26, p = 0.001 vs. UA Δ: 1.08 ± 0.28 kg, p = 0.004), but there was no significant difference between them. Additionally, there were significant increases in the one repetition maximum test in the bench press and in the 10-repetition maximum test in the knee extension (CON Δ: 5.00 ± 2.09, p = 0.036 vs. UA Δ: 7.8 ± 1.87, p = 0.340 and CON Δ: 3.58 ± 1.15, p = 0.010 vs. UA Δ: 1.20 ± 0.72, p = 0.133), respectively, with no difference between them. CONCLUSIONS: Ursolic acid had no synergic effect on muscle strength and mass in response to RT in physically active men consuming a high-protein diet. BRAZILIAN CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY (REBEC): RBR-76tbqs.

Gerenciamento de tempo em adultos: método, técnicas e aplicações / Time management in adults: method, techniques and applications / Administración del tiempo de adultos: método, técnicas y aplicaciones

O gerenciamento de tempo (GT) se refere à capacidade de estabelecer metas, cumprir prazos e realizar as tarefas de maneira planejada e organizada. Este estudo apresenta uma revisão sistemática sobre intervenções em GT e procrastinação de adultos, publicados nos últimos 20 anos e disponibilizados nas bases de dados PubMed, ERIC, PsycINFO, SciELO e LILACS. Conforme a metodologia PRISMA, a partir dos critérios de inclusão/exclusão foram selecionados e analisados 32 artigos. Os resultados apontaram que o manejo temporal eficiente pode diminuir a procrastinação, a ansiedade e o estresse e melhorar a autoeficácia, a organização e o planejamento. A descrição das tarefas trabalhadas nas intervenções apresentou-se como uma lacuna existente. A estimulação dessa habilidade pode auxiliar o desempenho dos sujeitos na universidade, no trabalho e na vida diária.

Time management (TM) refers to the ability to set goals, meet deadlines, perform tasks in a planned and organized manner. This study presents a systematic review of interventions in adult TM and procrastination published in the last 20 years and made available in the PubMed, ERIC, PsycINFO, SciELO and LILACS databases. According to the PRISMA methodology, from the inclusion / exclusion criteria 32 articles were selected and analyzed. The results showed that efficient temporal management can decrease procrastination, anxiety and stress and improve self-efficacy, organization and planning. The description of the tasks performed in the interventions presented itself as an existing gap. The stimulation of this ability can help the subjects' performance at university, at work and in daily life.

La gestión del tiempo (GT) se refiere a la capacidad de establecer objetivos, cumplir plazos, realizar tareas de manera planificada y organizada. Este estudio presenta una revisión sistemática de las intervenciones en GT y procrastinación de adultos publicada en los últimos 20 años y disponible en las bases de datos PubMed, ERIC, PsycINFO, SciELO y LILACS. De acuerdo con la metodología PRISMA, de los criterios de inclusión / exclusión se seleccionaron y analizaron 32 artículos. Los resultados indicaron que el manejo temporal eficiente puede disminuir la dilación, la ansiedad y el estrés y mejorar la autoeficacia, la organización y la planificación. La descripción de las tareas realizadas en las intervenciones se presentó como una brecha existente. La estimulación de esta capacidad puede ayudar al rendimiento de los sujetos en la universidad, en el trabajo y en la vida diaria.

Orientações às gestantes no pré-natal: a importância do cuidado compartilhado na atenção primária em saúde / Guidelines to pregnant women: the importance of the shared care in primary health care / Guidelines to pregnant women: the importance of the shared care in primary health care

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a associação entre a adequação das orientações recebidas durante o pré-natal e o profissional que atendeu a gestante na maioria das consultas na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método Participaram 3.111 puérperas que realizaram pré-natal pelo Sistema Único de Saúde no Estado de Santa Catarina em 2019, através de questionário aplicado em ambiente hospitalar até 48 horas pós-parto. Analisou-se associação entre a variável de exposição principal e covariáveis, e o desfecho segundo profissional que atendeu no pré-natal. Resultados As orientações mais frequentes foram os sinais de riscos na gestação (80,3%) e riscos de automedicação (76,9%). Observaram-se prevalências abaixo de 50% nas orientações sobre manejo adequado da amamentação (45,9%) e possibilidade de visitar a maternidade antes do parto (38,2%); ter recebido todas as orientações ao menos uma vez durante o pré-natal foi de 18,4%. Gestantes atendidas na maioria das consultas pelos profissionais médico e enfermeiro apresentaram chance 41,0% maior de adequação às orientações, em comparação com aquelas atendidas exclusivamente por médicos. Conclusões e implicações para a prática A prevalência de orientações dadas pelos profissionais de saúde às gestantes foi mais elevada quando o pré-natal foi mais compartilhado entre enfermeiros e médicos, em comparação ao atendimento majoritário por profissional de apenas uma profissão.

RESUMEN Objetivo analizar la asociación entre la adecuación de las directrices recibidas durante la atención prenatal y el profesional que atendió a la mujer embarazada en la mayoría de las consultas en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Método participaron 3.111 mujeres puérperas que recibieron la atención prenatal a través del Sistema Único de Salud en el Estado de Santa Catarina en 2019, a través de un cuestionario aplicado en un entorno hospitalario hasta 48 horas después del parto. Se analizó la asociación entre la variable de exposición principal y las covariables, y el resultado según el profesional que asistió en la atención prenatal. Resultados las directrices más frecuentes fueron los signos de riesgos en el embarazo (80,3%) y los riesgos de automedicación (76,9%). Se observaron prevalencias inferiores al 50% en las directrices sobre el manejo adecuado de la lactancia materna (45,9%) y la posibilidad de visitar la sala de maternidad antes del parto (38,2%); han recibido todas las directrices al menos una vez durante la atención prenatal fue del 18.4%. Las mujeres embarazadas atendidas en la mayoría de las consultas por profesionales médicos y enfermeras tuvieron un 41% más de posibilidades de adecuarse a las directrices en comparación con las que fueron atendidas exclusivamente por médicos. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica la prevalencia de las directrices otorgadas por los profesionales de la salud a las mujeres embarazadas fue mayor cuando la atención prenatal fue más compartida entre las enfermeras y los médicos en comparación con la mayoría de la atención prestada por profesionales de una sola profesión.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the association between the adequacy of the guidelines received during prenatal care and the professional who assisted the pregnant woman in most consultations in Primary Health Care. Method 3,111 puerperal women who underwent prenatal care by the Unified Health System in the State of Santa Catarina in 2019 participated, through a questionnaire applied in a hospital environment up to 48 hours postpartum. Association between the main exposure variable and covariates with the outcome according to the professional who carried out the prenatal care was analyzed. Results The most frequent guidelines were the signs of risks during pregnancy (80.3%) and risks of self-medication (76.9%). Prevalences below 50% were observed in the guidelines on adequate breastfeeding management (45.9%) and the possibility of visiting the maternity ward before delivery (38.2%); having received all guidelines at least once during prenatal care was 18.4%. Pregnant women assisted in most consultations by physicians and nurses had a 41,0% greater chance of adequacy in the guidelines compared to those assisted exclusively by physicians. Conclusions and implications for practice The prevalence of guidelines given by health professionals for pregnant women was higher when prenatal care was more shared between nurses and physicians in comparison to the majority of care provided by professionals from only one profession.

Author Correction: Aquaponics using a fish farm effluent shifts bacterial communities profile in halophytes rhizosphere and endosphere.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Aquaponics using a fish farm effluent shifts bacterial communities profile in halophytes rhizosphere and endosphere.

The intensification of marine aquaculture raises multiple sustainability issues, namely the handling of nutrient-rich effluents that can adversely impact ecosystems. As integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) gains momentum, the use of halophyte plants to phytoremediate aquaculture effluents has received growing attention, particularly in aquaponics. It is, therefore, important to obtain a more in-depth knowledge of the microbial communities present in the root systems of these plants, both in their natural environment (sediment) and in aquaponics, in order to understand their nutrient removal potential. The present study used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and barcoded pyrosequencing to assess the bacterial community present in the endosphere and rhizosphere of three halophyte plants: Halimione portulacoides, Salicornia ramosissima and Sarcocornia perennis. Species-specific effects were recorded in the profile and diversity of the bacterial communities present in halophyte roots, with significant differences also recorded for the same halophyte species grown in contrasting environments (sediment vs. aquaponics). In aquaponics the most abundant groups belonged to the orders Rhodocyclales, Campylobacterales, Rhodobacterales and Desulfobacterales, while in the natural environment (sediment) the most abundant groups belonged to the orders Rhizobiales, Sphingomonadales and Alteromonadales. An overall enrichment in bacterial taxa involved in nutrient cycling was recorded in the roots of halophytes grown in aquaponics (such as Denitromonas, Mesorhizobium, Colwellia, Dokdonella and Arcobacter), thereby highlighting their potential to reduce the nutrient loads from aquaculture effluents.

Fatores associados à atividade física de lazer entre idosos do município de São Paulo / Factors associated with leisure-time physical activity among elderly in São Paulo / Factores asociados con la actividad física en el ocio entre personas mayores del municipio de São Paulo

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de atividade física de lazer em nível suficiente (AFLS) entre idosos residentes no município de São Paulo e sua associação com características sociodemográficas, comportamentos de saúde e morbidade. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com uma amostra de 693 idosos (≥ 60 anos de idade) residentes no município de São Paulo, Brasil, cujos dados sociodemográficos, comportamento em saúde e morbidade foram extraídos a partir do sistema Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico, referente ao ano de 2017. Realizou-se estatística descritiva, testes de associação pelo qui-quadrado, regressão logística simples bruta e ajustada, por idade, sexo e escolaridade, assim como regressão múltipla. Resultados: A prevalência de AFLS entre os idosos entrevistados foi de 22,5% (n=156). Entre os idosos com escolaridade >12 anos houve maior chance de ser ativo (OR=2,47; IC95% 1,58-3,85) em relação àqueles com 0-8 anos de estudo, bem como entre os que apresentaram estado de saúde "bom" (OR=2,96; IC95%1,12-7,76) e "muito bom" (OR=5,14; IC95%1,86-14,23) em relação àqueles que relataram possuir saúde "ruim/muito ruim/não sabe". Conclusão: No contexto geral, pode-se inferir que um a cada quatro idosos moradores do município de São Paulo praticam atividade física suficiente no lazer. Entre os idosos, a prevalência foi maior entre os mais jovens, do sexo masculino, com companheiro, branco, maior escolaridade, com ocupação, que relataram estado de saúde "muito bom", referiram não possuir doenças crônicas, consumir bebida alcoólica e ser não fumante.

Objective: Analyze the prevalence of Leisure-time Physical Activity in the Sufficient Leisure Domain (PASL) among elderly people living in the city of São Paulo and its association with sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and morbidity. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 693 elderly people (≥60 years old), living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, whose sociodemographic data, health behavior and morbidity were extracted from the system Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases through Telephone Survey, referring to the year 2017. Descriptive statistics, association tests by chi-square, simple crude and adjusted logistic regression, by age, gender, and education, as well as multiple regressions were performed. Results: Prevalence of PASL among the elderly interviewed was 22.5% (n=156). Among the elderly with education >12 years, there was a greater chance of being active (OR=2.47; 95% CI 1.58-3.85) in relation to those with 0-8 years of study, as well as among those who presented a "good" health condition (OR=2.96; 95% CI 1.12-7.76) and "very good" (OR=5.14; 95% CI 1.86-14.23) in relation to those who reported having "Bad/very bad health/don't know". Conclusion: In the general context, it can be inferred that one in four elderly people living in the city of São Paulo practices enough physical activity during leisure. Among the elderly, the prevalence was higher among the younger ones, male, with a partner, white, higher education, with an occupation, which reported "very good" health condition, reported not having chronic diseases, consuming alcohol, and not being smoker.

Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia de actividad física en el ocio en nivel suficiente (AFOS) entre mayores del municipio de São Paulo y su asociación con las características sociodemográficas, las conductas de salud y la morbilidad. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal con la muestra de 693 mayores (≥ 60 años de edad) del municipio de São Paulo, Brasil, cuyos datos sociodemográficos, las conductas de salud y la morbilidad fueron sacados del sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo y Protección para Enfermedades Crónicas por Encuesta Telefónica referente al año 2017. Se realizó la estadística descriptiva, las pruebas de asociación por el chi-cuadrado, la regresión logística simple bruta y ajustada para la edad, el sexo y la escolaridad así como la regresión múltiple. Resultados: La prevalencia de la AFOS entre los mayores entrevistados ha sido del 22,5% (n=156). Entre los mayores con más de 12 años de escolaridad hubo más oportunidad de ser activo (OR=2,47; IC95% 1,58-3,85) que aquellos con hasta 8 años de estudio así como entre los que presentaron el estado de salud "bueno" (OR=2,96; IC95%1,12-7,76) y "muy bueno" (OR=5,14; IC95%1,86-14,23) que aquellos que relataron tener "mala/muy mala" salud o "no sabe". Conclusión: En el contexto general se puede decir que uno de cada cuatro mayores del municipio de São Paulo practica actividad física suficiente en el ocio. Entre los mayores, la prevalencia ha sido mayor entre los más jóvenes, del sexo masculino, con pareja, de color blanco, con más escolaridad y con ocupación que han relatado el estado de salud "muy bueno", no tener enfermedades crónicas, no tomar bebida alcohólica y no ser fumador.

Effect of High-Pressure Processing (HPP) on the Fatty Acid Profile of Different Sized Ragworms (Hediste diversicolor) Cultured in an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) System.

Ragworms (Hediste diversicolor) cultured under integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) conditions display an improved fatty acids (FA) profile than conspecifics from the wild, thus being more suitable for maturation diets of marine fish and shrimp. Nonetheless, their use may represent a potential pathway for pathogens. The objective of the present study was to determine if high-pressure processing (HPP), as an approach to safeguard microbiological safety, could promote significant shifts on the FA profiles of different sized ragworms. An analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) revealed the existence of significant differences in the FA profile and lipid quality indexes (atherogenicity (AI), thrombogenicity (TI) and polyene (PI)) of control and HPP treated ragworms of all tested sizes (small, medium and large). Saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated FA (MUFA) increased after HPP, while polyunsaturated FA (PUFA; FA with 2 or 3 double bonds) and highly unsaturated FA (HUFA; FA with ≥ 4 double bonds) decreased. The amount of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in polychaetes exposed to HPP decreased an average of 25%, when compared with the levels recorded in control groups. The values of PI significantly decreased after HPP, while those of AI and TI displayed a significant increase. Despite the shifts in the FA profile of ragworms exposed to HPP, these still display a superior profile to that of wild specimens, namely the presence of DHA. Therefore, HPP can be considered as a suitable approach to safeguard the biosecurity of cultured polychaetes, without compromising their nutritional value, and support the principles of circular economy through the use of IMTA.

4-(3-Aminoazetidin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-amines as High-Affinity Non-imidazole Histamine H3 Receptor Agonists with in Vivo Central Nervous System Activity.

Despite the high diversity of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonist/inverse agonist structures, partial or full H3R agonists have typically been imidazole derivatives. An in-house screening campaign intriguingly afforded the non-imidazole 4-(3-azetidin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine 11b as a partial H3R agonist. Here, the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of 11b analogues are described. This series yields several non-imidazole full agonists with potencies varying with the alkyl substitution pattern on the basic amine following the in vitro evaluation of H3R agonism using a cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-luciferase reporter gene assay. The key compound VUF16839 (14d) combines nanomolar on-target activity (pKi = 8.5, pEC50 = 9.5) with weak activity on cytochrome P450 enzymes and good metabolic stability. The proposed H3R binding mode of 14d indicates key interactions similar to those attained by histamine. In vivo evaluation of 14d in a social recognition test in mice revealed an amnesic effect at 5 mg/kg intraperitoneally. The excellent in vitro and in vivo pharmacological profiles and the non-imidazole structure of 14d make it a promising tool compound in H3R research.

Nine-year follow up after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in five multiple sclerosis patients.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system. Its treatment has focused on inflammation control as early as possible to avoid disability. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) has been used for treating MS since 1996, with recent decisive results regarding benefits in long-term efficacy. Five patients followed up at an MS center in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, who had relapsing-remitting MS with high disease activity, underwent AHSCT between 2009 and 2011. They were evaluated clinically, with magnetic resonance imaging, and by the EDSS every six months after transplantation, up to July 2018. The patients were four women and one man, with ages ranging from 25-50 years, and time since disease onset ranging from 4-17 years at the time of the procedure. Four patients improved, one patient was stabilized, and all patients were free of disease activity after 5-9 years. Through improving patient selection and decreasing the time from disease onset, AHSCT could stop epitope spreading and disease progression. Despite multiple other therapeutic choices being approved for relapsing-remitting MS, AHSCT continues to be a treatment to consider for aggressive MS disease.

Nine-year follow up after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in five multiple sclerosis patients / Nove anos de seguimento após transplante autólogo de células tronco hematopoiéticas em cinco pacientes com esclerose múltipla

ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system. Its treatment has focused on inflammation control as early as possible to avoid disability. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) has been used for treating MS since 1996, with recent decisive results regarding benefits in long-term efficacy. Five patients followed up at an MS center in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, who had relapsing-remitting MS with high disease activity, underwent AHSCT between 2009 and 2011. They were evaluated clinically, with magnetic resonance imaging, and by the EDSS every six months after transplantation, up to July 2018. The patients were four women and one man, with ages ranging from 25-50 years, and time since disease onset ranging from 4-17 years at the time of the procedure. Four patients improved, one patient was stabilized, and all patients were free of disease activity after 5-9 years. Through improving patient selection and decreasing the time from disease onset, AHSCT could stop epitope spreading and disease progression. Despite multiple other therapeutic choices being approved for relapsing-remitting MS, AHSCT continues to be a treatment to consider for aggressive MS disease.

RESUMO A esclerose múltipla é uma doença imunomediada do sistema nervoso central. Seu tratamento tem sido focado no controle da inflamação o mais cedo possível para evitar incapacidade. O transplante autólogo de células tronco hematopoiéticas (TACTH) vem sendo usado para tratar esclerose múltipla desde 1996, e recentes resultados foram decisivos a respeito do benefício na eficácia a longo prazo. Cinco pacientes seguidos num centro de esclerose múltipla de Belo Horizonte, Brasil, que apresentavam forma clínica remitente recorrente com alta atividade de doença foram submetidos a esse tratamento de 2009 a 2011. Após o transplante foram avaliados clinicamente e com ressonância magnética, e escala de EDSS, a cada seis meses até julho de 2018. Os pacientes eram quatro mulheres e um homem, com idade entre 25 e 50 anos e tempo de doença variando de 4 a 17 anos na época do procedimento. Quatro pacientes melhoraram após a primeira avaliação e um manteve-se estável. Todos os pacientes permaneceram sem evidência de doença clínica ou radiológica de 5 a 9 anos após. Com uma seleção cada vez mais criteriosa de pacientes o TACTH pode interromper a disseminação do epítopo e controlar a progressão da doença. Apesar de várias outras opções terapêuticas aprovadas para esclerose múltipla o TACTH continua a ser uma forma de tratamento a ser considerada em casos de doença muito agressiva.

Multiple lines of evidence of sediment quality in an urban Marine Protected Area (Xixová-Japuí State Park, SP, Brazil).

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) aim to protect habitats, biodiversity, and ecological processes as a conservation tool. These areas have been affected by contamination, which threats the biodiversity and ecological functioning. In this study, we evaluated the sediment quality of Xixová-Japuí State Park (XJSP), an MPA located in an urbanized Bay (Santos, Southeast Brazil) by integrating multiple lines-of-evidence. Six sites were selected within the XJSP and analyzed for sediment chemistry, toxicity, and benthic community descriptors using Sediment Quality Triad approach (SQT). Whole-sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) was employed as a complementary line of evidence to confirm the presence of domestic effluent discharges as a potential stressor. The SQT showed that sediments collected within XJSP are impacted by contaminants, exhibiting chronic toxicity and changes in benthic community. TIE results indicated that trace metals, organic contaminants, and ammonia contributed to the observed effects. Our results also indicate a lack of effectiveness of MPA in protecting the biodiversity due to the contamination sources, which requires efforts to pollution control in order to ensure the environmental conservation and management plan goals.

Intracerebellar microinjection of histaminergic compounds on locomotor and exploratory behaviors in mice.

The neural histaminergic system innervates the cerebellum, with a high density of fibers in the vermis and flocculus. The cerebellum participates in motor functions, but the role of the histaminergic system in this function is unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of intracerebellar histamine injections and H1, H2 and H3 receptor antagonist injections (chlorpheniramine, ranitidine, and thioperamide, respectively) and H4 receptor agonist (VUF-8430) on locomotor and exploratory behaviors in mice. The cerebellar vermis of male mice was implanted with guide cannula. After three days of recovery,the animals received microinjections of saline or histamine (experiment1), saline or chlorpheniramine (experiment 2), saline or ranitidine(experiment 3), saline or thioperamide (experiment 4), and saline or VUF-8430 (experiment 5) in different concentrations. Five minutes postinjection,the open field test was performed. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test. The microinjections of histamine, ranitidine or thioperamide did not lead any behavioral effects at the used doses. In contrast, animals that received chlorpheniramine at the highest dose (0.16 nmol) and VUF-8430 at the highest dose (1.48 nmol)were more active in the open field apparatus, with an increase in the number of crossed quadrants, number of rearings and time spent in the central area of the arena, suggesting that chlorpheniramine and VUF-8430 modulates locomotor and exploratory behaviors in mice.

New species for the biomitigation of a super-intensive marine fish farm effluent: Combined use of polychaete-assisted sand filters and halophyte aquaponics.

The main objective of this study was to test an innovative biomitigation approach, where polychaete-assisted (Hediste diversicolor) sand filters were combined with the production of Halimione portulacoides in aquaponics, to remediate an organic-rich effluent generated by a super intensive fish farm operating a land-based RAS (Recirculating aquaculture system). The set up included four different experimental combinations that were periodically monitored for 5months. After this period, polychaete-assisted sand filters reduced in 70% the percentage of OM and the average densities increased from ≈400ind.m-2 to 7000ind.m-2. H. portulacoides in aquaponics contributed to an average DIN (Dissolved inorganic Nitrogen) decrease of 65%, which increased to 67% when preceded by filter tanks stocked with polychaetes. From May until October (5months) halophytes biomass increased from 1.4kgm-2±0.7 (initial wet weight) to 18.6kgm-2±4.0. Bearing in mind that the uptake of carbon is mostly via photosynthesis and not though the uptake of dissolved inorganic carbon, this represents an approximate incorporation of ≈1.3kgm-2 carbon (C), ≈15gm-2 nitrogen (N) and ≈8gm-2 phosphorus (P) in the aerial part (76% of total biomass), and an approximate incorporation of ≈0.5kgm-2 carbon (C), ≈3gm-2 nitrogen (N) and ≈2gm-2 phosphorus (P) in the roots (24% of total biomass). In the present study, the potential of the two extractive species for biomitigation of a super-intensive marine fish farm effluent could be clearly demonstrated, contributing in this way to potentiate the implementation of more sustainable practices.