Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Atlantic forest in Recife, Pernambuco state, Brazil: the species coming to human bait, and their seasonal and monthly variations over a 2-year period.

In a study of the phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a forest reserve in Recife, Pernambuco state, north-eastern Brazil, the sandflies landing on human bait between 1.00 and 1.42 h after sunset were collected weekly for 2 years. Although 10,287 sandflies of 10 Lutzomyia species were collected, almost all (96.5%) of the sandflies caught were Lu. umbratilis. This species and several others caught are potential vectors of some of the Leishmania parasites that cause human disease. The recorded landing rate for Lu. umbratilis peaked, at the high level of 333.3 flies/person-hour, during the collections made in May 2003.The relative rarity in the collections of males of some of the species caught probably indicates that these species do not lek on their bloodmeal sources. It is likely that the sizes of the local populations of species that are not very anthrophilic, such as Lu. flaviscutellata, are much larger than indicated by the collections made on human bait.