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1.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 34(2): 134-137, 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-221846

RESUMO

Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia de personas que presentan heridas crónicas en los centros de atención primaria de la Región Sanitaria de Lleida y Alt Pirineu en Catalunya (España), y analizar las características clínicas y demográficas de estos. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, de corte transversal, dirigido a los centros de atención primaria durante el 7 y el 14 de junio de 2022. La recogida de datos se realizó mediante formulario seguro online. Se recogió informaciónsobre personas diagnosticadas de heridas crónicas y la tipología de estas. Resultados: La prevalencia de heridas fue del 0,19%. Las úlceras venosas representaron la prevalencia más alta, con un 0,047%, seguidas de las úlceras por presión con un 0,03%. El 51,21% de las personas que presentaban heridas fueron mujeres. La media de edad se situó en los 72 años. La prevalencia según el tipo de lesiones fue: úlceras venosas, 24,91%; lesiones por presión, 15,92%; pie diabético, 9,00%; desgarros cutáneos, 9,17%; úlceras arteriales, 6,40%; dehiscencias de suturas, 6,92%; cicatrización por segunda intención como quistes pilonidales, 4,50%; quemaduras, 3,63%, y dermatitis por incontinencia, 1,21%. Otros tipos de lesiones, 18,34%. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de heridas crónicas fue del 0,19%. Las úlceras venosas fueron las heridas más prevalentes seguidas de las lesiones por presión. La media de edad fue de 72 años, y las mujeres fueron las que presentaron mayor porcentaje de heridas. Estos resultados posibilitan obtener indicadores para valorar los programas de prevención, conocimientos para abordar los distintos tipos de heridas y replantear los recursos destinados a las heridas crónicas (AU)


Objectives: To determine the prevalence of people with chronic wounds in primary healthcare centers in the Health Region of Lleida and Alt Pirineu from Catalunya (Spain) to analyze the clinical and demographic characteristics of these patients. Methodology: Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study, aimed at the basic health zones between June 7 and 14, 2022. Data collection was performed using a secure online form. Information was collected about people diagnosed with chronic wounds and their typology. Results: The prevalence of wounds in the study population was 0.19%. Venous ulcers represented the highest prevalence at 0.047%, followed by pressure ulcers at 0.03%. Of those with wounds, 51.21% were women. The mean age was 72 years. The prevalence according to type of injury were: venous ulcers, 24.91%; pressure sores, 15.92%; diabetic foot, 9.00%; skin tears, 9.17%; arterial ulcers, 6.40%; suture dehiscence, 6.92%; pilonidal cysts 4.50%; burns, 3.63%; and incontinence dermatitis, 1.21%. Classified as other types of injuries, 18.34%. Conclusions: The prevalence of chronic wounds was 0.19%. The venous ulcers were the most prevalent wounds followed by the pressure sores. The mean age was 72 years, with women presenting the highest percentage of injuries. These results make it possible to obtain indicators to assess prevention programs, knowledge to address the different types of wounds and reconsider the resources allocated to chronic wounds (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Doença Crônica , Prevalência , Espanha/epidemiologia
2.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32823839

RESUMO

Disorders of communication, social relationships, and psychomotricity are often characterized by cognitive impairment, which hinders daily activities and increases the risk of falls. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an animal-assisted therapy (AAT) program in an institutionalized geriatric population with cognitive impairment. The variables evaluated included level of communication and changes in gait and/or balance. We performed a two-arm, parallel controlled, open-label, nonrandomized cluster clinical trial in two nursing home centers from an urban area. Patients in the two centers received 12 weekly sessions of physiotherapy, but the experimental group included AAT with a therapy dog. The study included a total of 46 patients (23 Control Group [CG], 23 Experimental Group [EG]) with a median age of 85.0 years. Of these, 32.6% had mild-moderate cognitive decline (Global Deterioration Scale of Reisberg [GDS] 2-4) and 67.4% severe cognitive decline (GDS 5-6). After the intervention, patients in the CG and EG showed a statistically significant improvement in all the response variables. When comparing both groups, no statistically significant differences were found in any of the Tinetti scale results (measuring gait and balance). However, the communication of patients in the EG, measured on the Holden scale, showed a statistically significant greater improvement postintervention than that of patients in the CG. AAT can be useful as a complementary, effective treatment for patients with different degrees of cognitive decline.


Assuntos
Terapia Assistida com Animais , Disfunção Cognitiva/terapia , Demência , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Cães , Feminino , Humanos , Institucionalização , Masculino , Amplitude de Movimento Articular
3.
Metas enferm ; 21(1): 5-13, feb. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-172663

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: explorar la relación entre los aspectos de la formación universitaria y la elección de la especialidad de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria (EFyC). MÉTODO: estudio descriptivo transversal a enfermeros internos residentes (EIR) y especialistas que realizan o realizaron formación especializada de EFyC en Cataluña. Cuestionario adhoc online. Análisis estadístico: para variables categóricas, frecuencia absoluta y relativa; y para variables numéricas, promedio y desviación estándar. Comparación de variables: test exacto de Fisher, test de Wilcoxon o U de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: 55 participantes, 90,9% mujeres, con promedio de 26,7 años, 54,6% residentes y 45,4% especialistas, el 56,3% diplomados. Duración de prácticas en Atención Primaria (AP) y Comunitaria superior a dos meses: 66,7% en grado; 58,1% en diplomatura. Factores asociados a la elección de la especialidad: 45,4% con el número EIR, y el 30,9% consideró que hay alguna razón asociada a prácticas en AP y Comunitaria. El promedio de nota en satisfacción con la formación universitaria fue de 6,9 en prácticas y 5,9 en formación teórica. El 63,6% eligió esta especialidad como primera opción, considerando el número EIR y la motivación personal como prioritarias y asociándose con una mayor satisfacción con las prácticas (p= 0,001). CONCLUSIONES: existe relación entre priorización de la especialidad con promociones más recientes y EIR/especialistas que efectuaron las prácticas por un periodo superior a un mes. No se detectó asociación entre priorización de la especialidad con satisfacción de la formación teórica, pero sí en la práctica. Sí existe relación con la motivación y el número EIR en la elección de la especialidad. Se concluye que es importante la formación universitaria en la elección de la especialidad de EFyC


OBJECTIVE: to explore the association between university education aspects and the choice of the Family and Community Nursing specialty. METHOD: a descriptive transversal study with resident nurse interns and specialists that are conducting or have conducted specialized training on Family and Community Nursing in Catalonia. An ad hoc online questionnaire was used. There was a statistical analysis for categorical variables, absolute and relative frequency, and for numeric variables, average and standard deviation. Comparison of variables through Fisher's exact test, Wilcoxon's test, or Mann-Whitney's U Test. RESULTS: there were 55 participants, 90.9% were women, with an average age of 26.7 years: 54.6% were residents and 45.4% were specialist, and 56.3% of them had their degree. The length of practice in Primary Care (PC) and Community Care was over two months: 66.7% at qualification, 58.1% at graduation. Factors associated with the choice of specialty: 45.4% with the resident nurse intern numbers, and 30.9% considered that there was no reason associated with practices in PC and Community Care. The average score in Satisfaction with University Training was 6.9% for practices and 5.9% for theoretical training. Of this sample, 63.6% selected this specialty as their first option, considering the resident nurse intern number and personal motivation as their priority, and associated with a higher satisfaction with practices (p= 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: there is an association between specialty prioritization and the most recent graduate classes and resident nurse interns/specialists who conducted practices for a period longer than one month. No association was detected between specialty prioritization and satisfaction with theoretical training, but there was an association in practice. There was an association with motivation and resident nurse intern number in specialty selection. The conclusion is that university education is important in terms of the choice of the Family and Community Nursing specialty


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Especialidades de Enfermagem/educação , Educação em Enfermagem/tendências , Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária/educação , Enfermagem Familiar/educação , Orientação Vocacional/tendências , Escolha da Profissão , Estudos Transversais , Educação de Pós-Graduação/tendências , Estudantes de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos
4.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 26(4): 157-161, dic. 2015. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-153545

RESUMO

Objetivo: averiguar la prevalencia de infecciones por Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) y S. aureus resistente a meticilina (MRSA) en los cultivos de heridas crónicas en atención primaria de la región sanitaria de Lleida y valorar la prescripción de antibioterapia oral según resultado del antibiograma. Diseño: estudio transversal retrospectivo. Muestra: cultivos realizados en heridas crónicas de enero de 2010 a diciembre 2012. Resultados: se estimó una prevalencia de cultivos positivos a Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina de 3,77% (intervalo de confianza IC al 95%: 2,1-5,5) y de S. aureus no resistente a meticilina de 8,79% (IC 95%: 1,1-6,1) calculado sobre el número total de cultivos registrados en este periodo. Conclusiones: la prescripción de antibióticos respecto al antibiograma es más precisa al tener como respuesta un MRSA que un cultivo de S. aureus


Aim: To find out the prevalence of infection with S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in swab of chronic wounds in primary care in the health service region of Lleida and evaluate the use of oral antibiotics according to antibiogram results. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Subjects: Swab of chronic wounds made in January 2010 to December 2012. Results: The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus positive swabs for methicillin resistant 3.77% (95% CI: 2.1 to 5.5) and methicillin resistant S. aureus not 8.79% (95% 1.1-6.1), calculated on the total number of registered swabs in this period . Conclusions: The prescription of antibiotics regarding susceptibility is more accurate to have a response of MRSA than a swab positive for S. aureus


Assuntos
Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Cutâneas Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Úlcera Cutânea/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevalência , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico
5.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 37(5): 338-342, mayo 2014. tabilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-123616

RESUMO

La cronicidad de una herida puede deberse a la alteración de diversos factores. Uno de los agentes que puede favorecer un enlentecimiento en la cicatrización es la malnutrición. La evidencia científica disponible demuestra que la nutrición es un aspecto importante en el manejo de las úlceras y heridas crónicas, tanto para su prevención como para su tratamiento. Las úlceras de extremidad inferior (UEI) presentan un incremento de su prevalencia en los mayores de 65 años. Por otra parte, a medida que envejecemos adquirimos más riesgo de malnutrición debido a cambios fisiológicos asociados al envejecimiento. Se describe la resolución de un caso clínico de un paciente anciano con una UEI tórpida de etiología venosa a partir del abordaje del estado nutricional (AU)


The cronicity of a wound can be produced by the alteration of several factors. One of the agents that can produce a delay in the wound healing process is malnutrition. According with the evidence, nutrition is an important factor in chronic wound prevention and treatment. The prevalence of low extremity wounds increases in population aged 65 or more. As we became older, malnutrition risk is more relevant due to physiological changes related to ageing. We describe a clinical case of a torpid venous leg ulcer in an elder patient centering on nutrition assessment and management (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Desnutrição/complicações , Cicatrização/fisiologia , Úlcera Varicosa/complicações , Úlcera da Perna/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Doença Crônica
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