Role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related circular RNA, circ-10720, in non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with a circular structure that have recently emerged as important regulators of tumorogenesis. Recently, several circRNAS, including circ-10720 have been related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In the present study, we have analyzed the role of circ-10720 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and studied its prognostic relevance in resected stage I-IIIa NSCLC patients. METHODS: Circ-10720 expression was analyzed using a custom TaqMan assay in four NSCLC cell lines (HCC44, A549, H23 and H1299) and in the normal immortalized lung cell line BEAS2B. Silencing of circ-10720 was performed using two custom siRNAs which were transfected using lipofectamine 2000. Protein levels were evaluated by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Wound healing and invasion assays were performed to evaluate the impact the circRNA on cell motility. Apoptosis was analyzed by evaluation of Caspase 3-7 activity and proliferation by MTS assay. Moreover, the expression levels of the circRNA were studied in 119 resected NSCLC patients. The expression in tumor tissue was correlated with the main clinicopathological characteristics and with time to relapse (TTR). RESULTS: Circ-10720 was overexpressed in HCC44 and A549 and underexpressed in H23 and H1299 NSCLC cell lines in comparison to BEAS2B normal immortalized lung cell line. CircRNA knockdown in the two circ-10720 overexpressing cell lines was associated with a decrease of Vimentin (VIM) and an increase of E-cadherin (CDH1) protein levels, loss of mesenchymal phenotype, and a significant reduction of migration and invasion capacity. After silencing circ-10720, the apoptosis rate increased and the proliferation was significantly reduced. Furthermore, circ-10720 was upregulated in tumor vs. normal tissue from 119 resected NSCLC patients. In the group of patients not receiving adjuvant treatment, those with high levels of circ-10720 had a shorter TTR than those with low levels and emerged as an independent prognostic value in the multivariate analysis. In tumor tissue, circ-10720 levels positively correlated with the EMT gene Twist1 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Circ-10720 regulates EMT, apoptosis and proliferation and acts as a biomarker of relapse in NSCLC.

Long non-coding RNA NANCI/NKX2-1 duplex impacts prognosis in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer / La combinación de NANCI/NKX2-1 de ARN no codificante de cadena larga afecta al pronóstico del cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas en estadio I

BACKGROUND: NANCI, an intergenic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is essential for buffering NKX2-1 expression during embryonic development and in adult tissue. We analyzed NANCI and NKX2-1 in human lung embryonic samples and adult lung tissues and evaluated their potential as prognostic markers in stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS AND RESULTS: NANCI and NKX2-1 expression was assessed by TaqMan assays in 18 human embryonic samples from 8 to 13 weeks, 59 non-tumoral (NT) lung tissue samples, and 98 stage I NSCLC tumor samples. NANCI and NKX2-1 expression in embryonic and NSCLC samples were downregulated in comparison to adult NT tissue. Patients with low expression of NANCI had shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with high levels (47.6 vs 69.3 months, P = 0.032 and 57.7 vs 77.6 months, P = 0.021, respectively). When the expression levels of NANCI and NKX2-1 were evaluated in combination, four groups were identified (high NANCI/high NKX2-1, low NANCI/high NKX2-1, high NANCI/low NKX2-1 and low NANCI/low NKX2-1) with differential impact on DFS (P = 0.042) and OS (P = 0.024). Interestingly, the high NANCI/high NKX2-1 duplex group had longer DFS and OS than the other three groups (71.25 vs 46.3 months, P = 0.009 and 81.3 vs 56.1 months, P = 0.004, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the high NANCI/high NKX2-1 duplex was identified as an independent prognostic factor for longer DFS (HR 0.346, 95% CI, 0.169-0.709; P = 0.004) and OS (HR 0.309, 95% CI, 0.121-0.786; P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: NANCI and the NANCI-NKX2-1 duplex impacts prognosis in stage I NSCLC patients

CONTEXTO GLOBAL: NANCI, un ARN intergénico largo no codificante (lncRNA) es esencial para regular la expresión de NKX2-1 durante el desarrollo embrionario y en el tejido adulto. Analizamos la expresión de NANCI y NKX2-1 en muestras embrionarias de pulmón humano y tejidos pulmonares adultos, y evaluamos su potencial como marcadores pronósticos en el cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas (CPCNP) en estadio I. MÉTODOS Y RESULTADOS: La expresión de NANCI y NKX2-1 se evaluó mediante ensayos TaqMan® en 18 muestras embrionarias humanas de 8 a 13 semanas, 59 muestras de tejido pulmonar no tumoral (NT) y 98 muestras de tumor de CPCNP en estadio i. La expresión de NANCI y NKX2-1 en muestras embrionarias y NSCLC se encontraba reducida en comparación con el tejido NT adulto. Los pacientes con baja expresión de NANCI tuvieron una supervivencia libre de enfermedad (SLE) y una supervivencia general (SG) más cortas que aquellos con niveles altos (47,6 frente a 69,3 meses; p = 0,032 y 57,7 frente a 77,6 meses; p = 0,021, respectivamente). Cuando se evaluaron los niveles de expresión de NANCI y NKX2-1 combinados se identificaron 4 grupos (NANCI alto/NKX2-1 alto, NANCI bajo/NKX2-1 alto, NANCI alto/NKX2-1 bajo y NANCI bajo/NKX2-1 bajo) con impacto variable en la SLE (p = 0,042) y la SG (p = 0,024). Curiosamente, la combinación de NANCI alto/NKX2-1 alto presentó unas SLE y SG más largas que los otros 3 grupos (71,25 frente a 46,3 meses; p = 0,009 y 81,3 frente a 56,1 meses; p = 0,004, respectivamente). En el análisis multivariante, la combinación de NANCI alto/NKX2-1 alto se identificó como un factor de pronóstico independiente para una SLE más larga (HR: 0,346; IC 95%: 0,169-0,709; p = 0,004), al igual que la SG (HR: 0,309; IC 95%: 0,121-0,786; p = 0,014). CONCLUSIONES: NANCI y la combinación de NANCI-NKX2-1 afecta al pronóstico de los pacientes con CPCNP en estadio i

Long Non-Coding RNA NANCI/NKX2-1 Duplex Impacts Prognosis in Stage I Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

BACKGROUND: NANCI, an intergenic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is essential for buffering NKX2-1 expression during embryonic development and in adult tissue. We analyzed NANCI and NKX2-1 in human lung embryonic samples and adult lung tissues and evaluated their potential as prognostic markers in stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS AND RESULTS: NANCI and NKX2-1 expression was assessed by TaqMan assays in 18 human embryonic samples from 8 to 13 weeks, 59 non-tumoral (NT) lung tissue samples, and 98 stage I NSCLC tumor samples. NANCI and NKX2-1 expression in embryonic and NSCLC samples were downregulated in comparison to adult NT tissue. Patients with low expression of NANCI had shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with high levels (47.6 vs 69.3 months, P=0.032 and 57.7 vs 77.6 months, P=0.021, respectively). When the expression levels of NANCI and NKX2-1 were evaluated in combination, four groups were identified (high NANCI/high NKX2-1, low NANCI/high NKX2-1, high NANCI/low NKX2-1 and low NANCI/low NKX2-1) with differential impact on DFS (P=0.042) and OS (P=0.024). Interestingly, the high NANCI/high NKX2-1 duplex group had longer DFS and OS than the other three groups (71.25 vs 46.3 months, P=0.009 and 81.3 vs 56.1 months, P=0.004, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the high NANCI/high NKX2-1 duplex was identified as an independent prognostic factor for longer DFS (HR 0.346, 95% CI, 0.169-0.709; P=0.004) and OS (HR 0.309, 95% CI, 0.121-0.786; P=0.014). CONCLUSIONS: NANCI and the NANCI-NKX2-1 duplex impacts prognosis in stage I NSCLC patients.