[Prevalence of atopic dermatitis in schoolchildren from Cartagena (Spain) and relationship with sex and pollution]. / Prevalencia de la dermatitis atópica en escolares de Cartagena y su relación con el sexo y la contaminación.

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is favored by exogenous factors, such as air pollution interacting with a genetic predisposition. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of sex and air pollution in the city of Cartagena on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis. DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study using the ISAAC questionnaire in schoolchildren aged 13 and 14 years old from Cartagena (Murcia). The influence of sex and the schools' location in two distinct areas (polluted and unpolluted) on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis and its severity (described as being awakened by nocturnal itching) was analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of atopic eczema was 6.3 %. Atopic eczema was severe in 19 % of the cases. Risk factors for atopic eczema were female sex (OR 2.19 95 % CI: 1.59-3. 02) and attending school in a polluted area (OR: 1.83, 95 % CI 1.01-1.87) but these factors were not associated with greater severity. CONCLUSIONS: Air pollution is associated with a higher prevalence of atopic eczema and there is a trend that this eczema is more severe. The condition was more prevalent among girls.

Prevalencia de la dermatitis atópica en escolares de Cartagena y su relación con el sexo y la contaminación / PRevalence of atopic dermatitis in schoolchildren from Cartagena (Spain) and relationship with sex and pollution

Objetivo El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la prevalencia de la dermatitis atópica y la influencia del sexo y la contaminación atmosférica de la ciudad de Cartagena. Métodos y diseño Estudio transversal, mediante encuesta de investigación del Estudio ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood), en los escolares de 13 y 14 años de Cartagena (Murcia), analizando el sexo y la ubicación de los colegios a los que acuden estos escolares según dos zonas (contaminada y no), establecidas previamente; y la prevalencia y gravedad del eccema (manifestado por despertar por la noche a causa del prurito), según el sexo y según cada zona analizada. Resultados Los resultados muestran una prevalencia del eccema atópico del 6,3 por ciento, y es grave en una quinta parte de los casos, con mayor prevalencia significativa (odds ratio [OR], 2,19; intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento [IC 95 por ciento], 1,59-3,02), pero no mayor gravedad, en el sexo femenino, y con mayor prevalencia (OR, 1,83; IC 95 por ciento, 1,01-1,87), pero tampoco mayor gravedad significativas en los escolares que asisten a los colegios en la zona contaminada. Conclusiones La contaminación atmosférica se asocia con una mayor prevalencia de eccema atópico y existe una tendencia de que éste sea más grave. El eccema fue más prevalente entre las niñas (AU)

Asociación entre dermatitis atópica, rinitis alérgica y asma en escolares de 13 y 14 años / Association between atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma in schoolchildren aged 13-14 years old

Antecedentes La dermatitis atópica está en íntima relación con otras enfermedades atópicas, particularmente con asma y rinitis alérgica. A pesar de haber cierto acuerdo en que el padecimiento de eccema atópico predispone al padecimiento de asma y rinitis, es preciso cuantificar el riesgo en las poblaciones, siguiendo un método de estudio estandarizado, que es el objetivo del presente trabajo.Método Siguiendo una metodología de encuesta de investigación del estudio ISAAC, en un estudio transversal, hemos analizado, y cuantificado, en la población de escolares de 13 y 14 años de la ciudad de Cartagena (Murcia), la asociación del padecimiento y gravedad de eccema atópico con el de la rinitis alérgica, el asma y el asma alérgica.Resultados Los resultados han mostrado, cuantificando el riesgo, que los escolares con eccema atópico, respecto a los que no lo padecen, tienen un riesgo triple de tener rinitis alérgica (odds ratio [OR], 3,33; intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento [IC 95 por ciento], 2,45-4,54), cuádruple de tener asma (OR, 3,85; IC 95 por ciento, 2,74-5,42) y quíntuple de tener asma alérgica (OR, 4,91; IC 95 por ciento, 3,17-7,59), estando en relación directa las gravedades respectivas (AU)

[Association between atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma in schoolchildren aged 13-14 years old]. / Asociación entre dermatitis atópica, rinitis alérgica y asma en escolares de 13 y 14 años.

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is closely related to other atopic diseases, especially asthma and allergic rhinitis. Although there is a certain agreement that suffering from atopic eczema predisposes to asthma and allergic rhinitis, the risk of developing these diseases should be quantified in populations following a standardized method, which is the objective of this study. METHOD: Using the questionnaire from the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood (ISAAC), we performed a cross-sectional study of all schoolchildren aged 13 and 14 years old in the city of Cartagena (Murcia, Spain). The relationship between atopic dermatitis and its severity with asthma, allergic asthma, and allergic rhinitis was analyzed. RESULTS: Quantification of risk showed that schoolchildren with atopic eczema had a 3-fold risk of allergic rhinitis (OR: 3.33; 95 % CI: 2.45-4.54), a 4-fold risk of asthma (OR: 3.85; 95 % CI: 2.74-5.42) and a 5-fold risk of allergic asthma (OR: 4.91; 95 % CI: 3.17-7.59) compared with schoolchildren without atopic eczema. The severity of eczema was also directly related to that of asthma and rhinitis.

[Bladder puncture in premature newborn infants with bacteriuria in the urine collected in bags]. / Punción vesical en neonatos pretérmino con bacteriuria en orina recogida mediante bolsa.

A prospective study was made in a selected group of premature newborns who had presented bacteriuria in bag collected urine. Authors have analysed the real inside of urinary tract infection evidenced by suprapubic bladder aspiration in these children. These study includes the separation in two groups, with or without symptomatology, and therapy used in both cases. A high incidence of false bacteriurias was observed in bag collected urines, early in the asymptomatic group, where females were greater part. They have observed also a small correlation between clinic manifestations and urinocultive results and urinary sediment. The possible clinical, biological and bacteriological parameters were considered in order to see the better to suspect a urinary tract infection. Clinical symptomatology, and suprapubic bladder aspiration were the best to confirm it. Authors don't recommend neither aspiration nor urinocultive as routine techniques in prematures.