Infecciones profundas por Gardnerella vaginalis en el varón. Revisión de la literatura y a propósito de un caso / Male deep infections by Gardnerella vaginalis. A literature review and a case report

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The Effect of Anticholinergics for Prevention of Storage Symptoms After Prostate Photovaporization.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of oral anticholinergics as a preventive strategy of storage symptoms and urinary incontinence associated with the early postoperative period after Greenlight laser photovaporization of the prostate (PVP). To analyze potential variables related to the onset of these symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 105 patients who underwent PVP using a 180-W Greenlight laser (XPS). Patients were divided into two groups, depending on whether they were or weren´t prescribed anticholinergics when discharged (oral solifenacin 5 mg for 1 month after surgery). Differences between both groups were analyzed according to IPSS, ICIQ-SF and OABq-SF scores at 1 and 6 months. The potentially predictive variables of the symptomatology after undergoing PVP that we analyzed included age, prostate volume, PSA, IPSS, ICIQ-SF, OABq-SF, Qmax, previous use of a permanent urinary catheter, energy used, and laser application time. RESULTS: 58 patients in the group with anticholinergics and 47 in the group without anticholinergics were compared. No significant differences were observed between both groups in IPSS (p = .521), ICIQ-SF (p = .720) or OABq-SF (p = .851) at 1 and 6 months after surgery. Regardless of the use of anticholinergics, there was a significant score improvement between the first and second checkup in all the questionnaires: there was a significant decrease in the mean IPSS (p < .001) and the mean score of the eighth IPSS question on patient's quality of life (p = .026), ICIQ- SF (p = .010) and OAB-q related to symptoms (p = .001) as well as a significant increase in the mean OAB-q score regarding quality of life (p = .005). None of the variables analyzed showed a significant relation to the storage-symptom rate, rate of incontinence, or ICIQ-SF and OABq-SF scores. CONCLUSIONS: The use of solifenacin 5 mg after Greenlight laser PVP is not an effective preventive treatment for storage and incontinence symptoms associated with this procedure, which seem to self-limit over time.

[Evolution of urinary lithiasis composition in a Spanish health care area over the last four decades]. / Evolución de la composición de las litiasis urinarias en un área sanitaria española en las últimas cuatro décadas.

OBJECTIVE: To provide an updated epidemiological description of urinary lithiasis in a health area in the Western hemisphere over the past four decades. METHODS: 2704 urinary lithiases analysed in our institution between 1980 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. They were analyzed using polarized light microscopy, and in the case this method had questionable results we used X-ray diffraction. The variables collected were the lithiasis chemical composition (oxalates, phosphates, uric acid, infectious, cystine, mixed, other). Regarding the date of the analysis, the series of cases was grouped into four periods (1980-1989, 1990- 1999, 2000-2009, and 2010-2015), and also by sex and age of the patient. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 48.32 years (49.37 in men vs 46.53 in women, p=0.005). A male predominance was found (58.7%). Throughout the four decades, the involvement of women has progressively diminished compared to men. Of all the lithiases, the most frequent were those composed of oxalates (43.3%), followed by uric acid (16.9%) and infectious types (10.7%). The uric acid and oxalate lithiases were more common in men than in women (67.4% vs. 32.6% and 59.1% vs. 40.9%, respectively, p<0.001), while the lithiasis of infectious origin was more frequent in women than in men (56.3% vs. 43.7%, p<0.001). Throughout the time period, a trend of increasing oxalic lithiases and decreasing uric acid and phosphate lithiases was observed, as well as an increase of infectious lithiases over the past five years. CONCLUSIONS: In our setting, urinary lithiases appear more frequently in males at the end of the fourth decade of life. The most common lithiases are composed of oxalates, and their frequency has increased over time, while uric acid and phosphates lithiases have decreased.

Evolución de la composición de las litiasis urinarias en un área sanitaria española en las últimas cuatro décadas / Evolution of urinary lithiasis composition in a Spanish health care area over the last four decades

OBJETIVO: Obtener una descripción actualizada de las características epidemiológicas de las litiasis urinarias de un área sanitaria occidental durante las últimas cuatro décadas. MÉTODOS: Revisamos retrospectivamente 2704 litiasis analizadas en un área sanitaria española entre 1980 y 2015. El análisis se realizó mediante microscopía de luz polarizada, y si dicho método presentaba resultados dudosos se recurrió a la difracción con rayos X. Las variables recogidas fueron: la composición química de las litiasis (oxalatos, fosfatos, ácido úrico, infecciosas, cistina, mixtas, otras), la fecha del análisis agrupada en cuatro periodos (1980-1989, 1990-1999, 2000- 2009, 2010-2015), el sexo y la edad del paciente. RESULTADOS: La edad media al diagnóstico fue de 48,32 años (49,37 en varones vs 46,53 en mujeres, p = 0,005). Se encontró un predominio masculino (58,7%), y a lo largo de las cuatro décadas, la afectación en mujeres disminuyó. Las litiasis más frecuentes fueron las compuestas por oxalatos (43,3%), seguidas de las de ácido úrico (16,9%) y las infecciosas (10,7%). Las litiasis úricas y oxálicas fueron más frecuentes en varones que en mujeres (67,4% vs 32,6% y 59,1% vs 40,9%, respectivamente, p < 0,001); sin embargo, las de origen infeccioso fueron más frecuentes en mujeres que en varones (56,3% vs 43,7%, p < 0,001). Se apreció una tendencia al aumento de las litiasis oxálicas y a la disminución de las úricas y por fosfatos. Además, observamos un incremento de las litiasis infecciosas en los últimos 5 años. CONCLUSIONES: En nuestro medio, las litiasis aparecen con más frecuencia en varones en la cuarta década de la vida. Las más frecuentes son las oxálicas, cuya proporción ha aumentado a lo largo de las últimas décadas, mientras que las de ácido úrico y fosfato han disminuido

OBJECTIVE: To provide an updated epidemiological description of urinary lithiasis in a health area in the Western hemisphere over the past four decades. METHODS: 2704 urinary lithiases analysed in our institution between 1980 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. They were analyzed using polarized light microscopy, and in the case this method had questionable results we used X-ray diffraction. The variables collected were the lithiasis chemical composition (oxalates, phosphates, uric acid, infectious, cystine, mixed, other). Regarding the date of the analysis, the series of cases was grouped into four periods (1980-1989, 1990- 1999, 2000-2009, and 2010-2015), and also by sex and age of the patient. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 48.32 years (49.37 in men vs 46.53 in women, p = 0.005). A male predominance was found (58.7%). Throughout the four decades, the involvement of women has progressively diminished compared to men. Of all the lithiases, the most frequent were those composed of oxalates (43.3%), followed by uric acid (16.9%) and infectious types (10.7%). The uric acid and oxalate lithiases were more common in men than in women (67.4% vs. 32.6% and 59.1% vs. 40.9%, respectively, p p < 0.001), while the lithiasis of infectious origin was more frequent in women than in men (56.3% vs. 43.7%, p < 0.001). Throughout the time period, a trend of increasing oxalic lithiases and decreasing uric acid and phosphate lithiases was observed, as well as an increase of infectious lithiases over the past five years. CONCLUSIONS: In our setting, urinary lithiases appear more frequently in males at the end of the fourth decade of life. The most common lithiases are composed of oxalates, and their frequency has increased over time, while uric acid and phosphates lithiases have decreased