Versión española del COPE-48: evaluación del afrontamiento en pacientes psiquiátricos ambulatorios / The epanish version of the COPE-48: assessing coping strategies in psychiatric outpatients

Introducción: La utilización el COPE en contextos clínicos permite conocer las estrategias que utilizan las personas para afrontar situaciones estresantes y por ende incidir sobre ellas mediante tratamiento psicológico. Objetivo: presentar a la comunidad científica de habla hispana la versión española del COPE-48 junto con las propiedades psicométricas obtenidas en una muestra de personas adultas con psicopatología. Métodos: la muestra estuvo formada por 301 participantes (62.5% mujeres). Resultados: la consistencia interna media de las escalas es de 0.81. Nuestros resultados muestran un patrón diferencial en la utilización de las estrategias según el género. Conclusiones: la administración del COPE-48 en contextos clínicos es de gran utilidad práctica, puesto que permite conocer de modo rápido, fácil y preciso las estrategias más frecuentemente utilizadas por los pacientes para afrontar situaciones altamente demandantes. Dicho conocimiento permite intervenir mediante tratamiento psicológico para instaurar, potenciar o minimizar las estrategias necesarias para afrontar una determinada situación comprometida.

Introduction: In clinical settings, the COPE questionnaire allows to assess the strategies people use to cope with stressful situations and therefore, if needed, to modify them through psychological treatment. Objective: The aim of this study is to offer to the Spanish-speaking scientific community the Spanish version of the COPE-48 along with the psychometric properties obtained in a sample of adults with psychopathology. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 301 participants (62.5% women). Results: The average internal consistency of the scales was 0.81. Our results showed a gender pattern in the use of the coping strategies. Conclusions: In clinical settings, the administration of the COPE-48 allows a quick, easy and accurate assessment of the most frequently used strategies to cope with highly demanding situations. This knowledge makes possible to intervene with psychological treatment and whenever appropriate to establish, enhance or minimize the strategies needed to face difficult situations.

Psychometric Properties and Normative Data of the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire in a Psychiatric Outpatient Sample.

The Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ; Zuckerman, Kuhlman, Joireman, Teta, & Kraft, 1993 ) was designed for the assessment of personality. The goal of this work was to determine the psychometric properties of the ZKPQ, as well as to establish normative data by gender and age in an outpatient sample attending primary mental health care services. We administered the questionnaire to 314 participants (34.7% males) 18 to 81 years old. The most prevalent primary diagnoses were mood (37.9%) and adjustment disorders (35.0%). Concerning the psychometric properties of the ZKPQ, the pattern of internal consistencies was similar to that previously found among general population, student, or clinical samples. Regarding gender differences, a general pattern was found, with women scoring higher on neuroticism and sociability, and lower on aggression-hostility. As for age, in general, scores declined with age. Norm-based decision making has the potential for significant and long-lasting consequences, and the quality of decisions based on score comparisons can be improved when scores are compared to norms fitted to the group of reference. The availability of the ZKPQ norms by gender and age in mental health care will benefit the accuracy of assessment and therapeutic decision making, providing more effective treatment planning overall.

The COPE-48: An adapted version of the COPE inventory for use in clinical settings.

The Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced inventory (COPE) is one of the most frequently used tools for assessing coping styles. However, there is a lack of information about its psychometric properties in applied settings. The aim of this study is to analyze the psychometric properties and internal structure of the COPE in an adult clinical sample attending a primary care mental health unit and to develop an adapted version to increase its reliability and clinical utility. We administered the questionnaire to 301 participants (37.5% men) aged 18-69 years. The most prevalent principal diagnoses were adjustment (39.9%) and mood disorders (35.9%). The principal component analysis yielded a nine factor solution accounting for 61.23% of the total variance. This shortened version of the COPE provides a theoretically and empirical consistent inventory, improves the factor structure and increases the reliability of the scales with a mean alpha value of .81. This version, the COPE-48, offers good psychometric properties, it takes about 20min to administer, allowing a reliable and parsimonious evaluation. Its administration in applied settings could help with identifying which coping strategies are used and which can be modified and promoted by psychological treatment.

[Differential personality features in adult ADHD subtypes]. / Variables diferenciales de personalidad en los subtipos de TDAH en la edad adulta.

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and personality traits are relatively stable from childhood and across life span. The purpose of this study was to identify differential and discriminative personality traits between clinical subtypes of ADHD in adults. The Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ) and the Millon Multiaxial Clinical Inventory-II (MCMI-II) were administered to a sample of 146 adults with ADHD. Activity and Aggression-Hostility dimensions from the ZKPQ allowed us to properly classify 75.8% of the inattentive and combined subtypes. Data indicates that ADHD is not a homogeneous entity, but rather, there are significant differences in personality characteristics among clinical subtypes. The results have theoretical implications about the connection between ADHD and personality, and clinical implications regarding diagnosis and treatment designs better tailored to the characteristics of each subtype.

Variables diferenciales de personalidad en los subtipos de TDAH en la edad adulta / Differential personality features in adult ADHD subtypes

Los síntomas del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) y los rasgos de personalidad se manifiestan de forma relativamente estable y duradera desde la infancia y persisten a lo largo de la vida. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en identificar los rasgos de personalidad diferenciales y discriminativos entre los subtipos clínicos de TDAH en adultos. Se evaluaron las características de personalidad, mediante el Cuestionario de Personalidad de Zuckerman-Kuhlman (ZKPQ) y el Inventario Clínico Multiaxial de Millon-II (MCMI-II), en una muestra de 146 adultos diagnosticados de TDAH. Las dimensiones Activity y Aggression-Hostility del ZKPQ, permitieron clasificar correctamente al 75,8% de los diagnosticados en los subtipos inatento y combinado. Los resultados indican que el TDAH no es una entidad homogénea, sino que existen diferencias significativas en las características de personalidad entre los subtipos clínicos. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas sobre la conexión entre TDAH y personalidad, y las implicaciones clínicas respecto al diagnóstico y diseño de tratamientos mejor ajustados a las características de cada subtipo(AU)

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and personality traits are relatively stable from childhood and across life span. The purpose of this study was to identify differential and discriminative personality traits between clinical subtypes of ADHD in adults. The Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ) and the Millon Multiaxial Clinical Inventory-II (MCMI-II) were administered to a sample of 146 adults with ADHD. Activity and Aggression-Hostility dimensions from the ZKPQ allowed us to properly classify 75.8% of the inattentive and combined subtypes. Data indicates that ADHD is not a homogeneous entity, but rather, there are significant differences in personality characteristics among clinical subtypes. The results have theoretical implications about the connection between ADHD and personality, and clinical implications regarding diagnosis and treatment designs better tailored to the characteristics of each subtype(AU)