Marco de referencia para orientar los programas educativos dirigidos a la Transición a la Vida Adulta de jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual y del desarrollo: una revisión de la literatura / A framework of reference to guide educational programmes aimed at the transition to adult life of young people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a review of the literatura

La planificación de los procesos de transición de los y las jóvenes con discapacidad es recogida por la literatura como uno de los aspectos más complejos a los que se enfrenta el sistema educativo. En la actualidad, el reto de estos programas educativos es identificar buenas prácticas que permitan la consecución de resultados de vida adulta valorados. Por tanto, la finalidad de este estudio es definir un marco de actuación desde el que analizar y orientar las prácticas de estos programas para la transición. Para ello, en base a una propuesta global en la que identifican siete grandes dimensiones de buenas prácticas de los programas de transición, el objetivo es, en primer lugar, revisar la literatura en relación a cada una de estas dimensiones sintetizando los componentes principales e implicaciones para su desarrollo y, en segundo lugar, destacar aspectos clave para la respuesta desde los programas educativos. Los resultados muestran que se identifican orientaciones y recomendaciones para el desarrollo de cada una de las dimensiones, así como obstáculos y dificultades que se derivan de la experiencia, concluyendo puntos de partida y aspectos a tener en cuenta a través de los distintos servicios y los diversos agentes

The transition planning process of young people with disabilities figures in the literature as one of the most complex aspects facing the education system. The current challenge for these educational programmes is to identify good practices that allow the attainment of valued results in adult life. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to define a framework of action from which to analyse and guide the practices of educational pro¬grammes for the transition. To this end, based on global proposal in which seven major dimensions of good practices of the transition programs are identified, the aim is, firstly, to review the literature in relation to each of these dimensions synthesizing the main compo¬nents and implications for their development, and, secondly, to highlight key aspects for the response from educational programmes. The results show that guidelines and recom¬mendations are identified for the development of each of the dimensions, as well as ob¬stacles and difficulties derived from experience, identifying points of departure and aspects to be taken into account in terms of the different services and the various agents

Validación de un procedimiento de prevención y detección de malos tratos físicos y económicos a personas mayores / Validation of a prevention and detection procedure for physical and economic abuse of the elderly

Introducción. Se describe el estudio realizado para la validación del «Procedimiento de detección de señales de alerta de malos tratos físicos y económicos a personas mayores en la CAPV». Apenas existen herramientas validadas para este grave problema, y las que existen son difícilmente aplicables a personas con deterioro cognitivo, lo que aumenta la invisibilidad del mismo y la falta de intervención de las y los profesionales. El procedimiento es una herramienta que incluye un cuestionario de cribado de factores de riesgo y otro de evaluación de indicadores para determinar sospecha de malos tratos en 3 niveles de gravedad. Pretende utilizarse tanto en el ámbito social como sanitario por cualquier profesional. Metodología. Se empleó metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa. Se recogieron datos de 649 personas mayores: 596 valoradas con el cuestionario de factores de riesgo, 138 con el cuestionario de indicadores y 85 con ambos. Participaron en el estudio 94 profesionales de todos los niveles de atención sanitaria y social y de entidades bancarias. Siete de los casos detectados fueron contrastados con el grupo de expertos que elaboró el procedimiento para estimar la validez del procedimiento. Conclusiones. El procedimiento ha sido validado como sensible para su objetivo, siendo igualmente válido para los ámbitos sanitario y social. Puede ser utilizado por cualquiera de los profesionales. En cuanto a la capacidad de diferenciación de los ítems y a la valoración final de la gravedad de la situación, se proponen algunas correcciones y modificaciones (AU)

Introduction. The study carried out for the «Physical and economic abuse sign detection procedure for the elderly in the Basque Country» Pilotage and Validation is described. There barely exist appropriate and validated tools to assist the issue, and the existing ones are hardly adequate for people with cognitive deterioration; therefore, the issue's both visibility in our society and professional intervention are strained. The proposed procedure is a composed by screening tool that determines a likelihood of abuse and an evaluation of signs for determining the abuse practice. It is intended to be used in the social area as well as the sanitary one by any professional. It is composed of two questionnaires: one of risk-factor valuation and a second one concerning indicators based on three severity levels. Methodology. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used. The sample was made of 649 elders: 596 evaluated by the risk-factor questionnaire, 138 by the indicators questionnaire, and 85 evaluated by both; 94 professionals from several backgrounds (sanitary, social and economic) participated. Eight of the detected cases were checked by the team of experts that elaborated the procedure; the sessions were analysed after their transcription. Conclusions. The procedure has been validated as sensitive for its goal, being equally valid for the social and health areas. It can be used by any professional, although some differences have been detected. As regards the ability to differentiate items and the final evaluation of the severity of the situation, some changes and corrections have been proposed (AU)

[Validation of a prevention and detection procedure for physical and economic abuse of the elderly]. / Validación de un procedimiento de prevención y detección de malos tratos físicos y económicos a personas mayores.

INTRODUCTION: The study carried out for the «Physical and economic abuse sign detection procedure for the elderly in the Basque Country¼ Pilotage and Validation is described. There barely exist appropriate and validated tools to assist the issue, and the existing ones are hardly adequate for people with cognitive deterioration; therefore, the issue's both visibility in our society and professional intervention are strained. The proposed procedure is a composed by screening tool that determines a likelihood of abuse and an evaluation of signs for determining the abuse practice. It is intended to be used in the social area as well as the sanitary one by any professional. It is composed of two questionnaires: one of risk-factor valuation and a second one concerning indicators based on three severity levels. METHODOLOGY: Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used. The sample was made of 649 elders: 596 evaluated by the risk-factor questionnaire, 138 by the indicators questionnaire, and 85 evaluated by both; 94 professionals from several backgrounds (sanitary, social and economic) participated. Eight of the detected cases were checked by the team of experts that elaborated the procedure; the sessions were analysed after their transcription. CONCLUSIONS: The procedure has been validated as sensitive for its goal, being equally valid for the social and health areas. It can be used by any professional, although some differences have been detected. As regards the ability to differentiate items and the final evaluation of the severity of the situation, some changes and corrections have been proposed.