A teaching role practicum during the COVID-19 for final year nursing students in Spain: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, suspension of face-to-face learning and clinical placements for nursing students in Spain led us to expand and adapt clinical training to a teaching role. Final-year nursing students conducted an online clinical training focused on developing their health education competence. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of final-year nursing students who completed their clinical training in a teaching role practicum during the pandemic outbreak (March-June 2020). METHOD: A qualitative content analysis of reflective journals from eighteen final-year nursing students was conducted. FINDINGS: Three themes were revealed: 1) An array of emotions due to not being able to complete their final clinical placement and deciding not to join the nursing workforce; 2) Perceived benefits of a teaching role such as being able to help, contributing to knowledge, acquiring competence, and learning support and companionship; and 3) Recognizing the teaching role as fundamental to the nursing profession and becoming aware of the importance of scientific evidence in clinical practice. DISCUSSION: Nursing students appreciated how teaching and health education are an integral part of the nurse's role. A teaching role allowed final-year students to acquire competence in a key nursing role during the pandemic outbreak providing a good practice for nursing education.

Nursing students on the frontline: Impact and personal and professional gains of joining the health care workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain.

BACKGROUND: Final-year nursing students in Spain augmented the health care workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic. PURPOSE: To understand the lived experience of nursing students who joined the health care workforce during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak (March-May 2020). METHOD: Qualitative content analysis of the reflective journals of 40 nursing students in Spain. FINDINGS: The analysis identified four main themes: 1) Willingness to help; 2) Safety and protective measures: Impact and challenges; 3) Overwhelming experience: Becoming aware of the magnitude of the epidemic; and 4) Learning and growth. DISCUSSION: The wish to help, the sense of moral duty, and the opportunity to learn buffered the impact of the students' lived experience. Despite the challenges they faced, they saw their experiences as a source of personal and professional growth, and they felt reaffirmed in their choice of career. Promoting opportunities for reflection and implementing adequate support and training strategies is crucial for building a nursing workforce that is capable of responding to future health crises.

Experiences and needs of nursing students during pandemic outbreaks: A systematic overview of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Recent epidemics have placed overwhelming demands on health systems, leading at times to the deployment of nursing students during the crisis. Little is known about the impact this experience has on students. Although studies have explored nursing students' knowledge about infection control, there are no specific recommendations regarding how these issues should be addressed in nurse education. PURPOSE: To conduct a comprehensive systematic overview of the literature concerning nursing students in the context of emerging infectious disease epidemics or pandemics caused by zoonotic viruses. METHODS: Systematic overview. RESULTS: Forty-eight articles were included. Five themes were identified: education; knowledge, concern about risk and preventive behaviour; willingness to work during a pandemic outbreak; experiences and emotional impact; and ethical dilemmas. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need to enhance nurse education to ensure that students have adequate education in infection prevention and control and the opportunity to develop the skills and attitudes required to provide care to infected patients during a pandemic. The outcomes of these education programmes would need to be evaluated using valid and reliable instruments so as to enable comparisons to be made to prepare future nurses to deal with new pandemics in an increasingly globalized world.

Dimensions of leadership in undergraduate nursing students. Validation of a tool.

BACKGROUND: Nurses require leadership skills in order to fulfil their clinical role in an ever-changing healthcare environment. The acquisition of such skills should therefore begin during their professional training. OBJECTIVES: To identify the dimensions of leadership present among nursing undergraduates in the original Self-Assessment Leadership Instrument (SALI). DESIGN: This was a validation study involving the translation and cultural adaptation of the Self-Assessment Leadership Instrument (SALI) for use with nursing undergraduates in the Spanish context. SETTING: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences in Spain. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Participants were 280 nursing undergraduates (years 1-4) from a Spanish university. The SALI was adapted following the back-translation procedure, and its psychometric properties (validity and reliability) were analyzed. RESULTS: The Spanish version of the SALI maintains the 40 items of the original scale. Scores on the Spanish SALI were positively and significantly correlated (0.542, p = .000) with scores on the General Self-Efficacy Scale (convergent scale) and negatively and significantly correlated (-0.348, p = .000) with the total score on the Lille Apathy Rating Scale (divergent scale). Factor analysis indicated that scores on the Spanish SALI loaded on four dimensions: Strategic thinking, Emotional intelligence, Impact and influence, and Teamwork skills, which together accounted for 43.42% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha for the total scale was 0.870 (range 0.688-0.781 for the four dimensions). Test-retest reliability over a 15-day interval was high (ICC = 0.929, p = .000). CONCLUSIONS: The study has identified four key dimensions of leadership that nursing students need to acquire and provides a valid and reliable tool for assessing them. This will enable nurse educators to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching initiatives aimed at developing these competences.