Weather and electrical demand and consumption data of a small Mexican community.

The development of novel technologies to mitigate the effects of climate change through Smart Grids requires energy related data. Unfortunately, this type of data is not always available in Mexico, especially from non-large urban areas and at the household level. Therefore, we present a dataset that contains electrical demand and consumption time series of 5 households within a small community in Mexico, at various resolutions, as well as weather data. The electrical demand is given in 15 min resolution, while the electrical consumption is presented in both hourly and daily resolutions. The data is contained within 15 separate .csv files; one for each household's resolution. In turn, the weather data is given in two .csv files (for outdoor and indoor variables, respectively) that together contain 24 meteorological variables measured in a 5 min resolution that is not always consistent. The dataset comprises of two separate folders that contain either the electrical demand and consumption files or the weather files. This dataset could aid in the development of novel smart grid methods and algorithms that might be able to push the energy transition in Mexico and other developing countries forward.

La recuperación mejorada después de la cirugía, una necesidad del ahora / Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, a Current Need

Estimado editor: El protocolo de recuperación optimizada Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS)® se inició como un proyecto del autor y del profesor Kenneth Fearon de Edimburgo, en el Reino Unido en 2001.1,2 ERAS® es un conjunto de estrategias multimodales perioperatorias basadas en la evidencia, y cuya finalidad es reducir el estrés metabólico causado por el trauma quirúrgico y por apoyar la recuperación temprana del paciente. Actualmente abarca todas las cirugías abdominales mayores, las de cabeza y cuello, cardíacas y torácicas.3,4) Antes de la llegada de los protocolos ERAS, los grupos quirúrgicos tenían sus propios programas de fast track, consistían en el alivio del dolor, la alimentación y la movilización tempranas y la disminución del estrés con la anestesia regional.3 La Sociedad ERAS® estableció desde el principio que los protocolos por sí solos no eran suficientes para poder aplicarlos en lugar de los cuidados tradicionales, por lo cual se designaron centros de excelencias, encargados de implementar los programas y contribuir a su desarrollo y difusión en la región; ejemplo fiel de ello es el ERAS LatAm,3 capítulo latinoamericano de la Sociedad ERAS, que abarca...(AU)

Caracterización de pacientes operados por obstrucción intestinal mecánica

Introducción: En Cuba, la oclusión intestinal mecánica es una de las causas más frecuentes de abdomen agudo y constituye la segunda causa de cirugía de urgencia. Objetivo: Caracterizar una serie de pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente, con diagnóstico de obstrucción intestinal mecánica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en sujetos atendidos durante el año 2022 en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Docente Clínico - Quirúrgico "Miguel Enríquez". Se estudiaron 81 pacientes; se recogieron las variables sexo, edad, antecedentes patológicos personales, hábitos tóxicos, estadía hospitalaria, causa de la oclusión intestinal, complicaciones y estado al egreso. Se realizó análisis de frecuencias. Resultados: Hubo mayor porcentaje del sexo femenino (50,6 %), de las edades comprendidas de 31 a 40 años (23,5 %), los pacientes con hipertensión arterial (14,8 %) y los fumadores (18,5 %). La causa más frecuente de oclusión fueron las bridas y adherencias (44,4 %) y la complicación más frecuente fue la bronconeumonía (8 %). Falleció solo el 3,7 % de los pacientes. Conclusiones: Los pacientes se caracterizaron por estar entre la tercera y cuarta décadas de la vida, con predominio del sexo femenino, con antecedentes de salud, sin hábitos tóxicos, con estadía hospitalaria entre 1 y 5 días, presencia de bridas y adherencias como causa de la obstrucción y baja frecuencia de complicaciones y fallecimientos.

Introduction: In Cuba, mechanical intestinal obstruction is one of the most frequent causes of acute abdomen, and is the second cause of emergency surgery. Objective: To characterize a series of patients undergoing surgery with a diagnosis of mechanical intestinal obstruction. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out in the population treated during the year 2022 in the general surgery service of the "Miguel Enríquez" Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital. The population was made up of 81 patients with whom we worked in its entirety. The variables sex, age, personal pathological history, toxic habits, hospital stay, cause of intestinal obstruction, complications, and status at discharge were studied. A study of absolute and relative frequencies was carried out. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out on subjects treated during 2022 in the general surgery service of the "Miguel Enríquez" Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital. 81 patients were studied; The variables sex, age, personal pathological history, toxic habits, hospital stay, cause of intestinal obstruction, complications and status at discharge were collected. Frequency analysis was performed. Results: There was a higher percentage of females (50.6%), aged between 31 and 40 years (23.5%), patients with high blood pressure (14.8%) and smokers (18.5%). The most common cause of occlusion was flanges and adhesions (44.4%), and the most common complication was bronchopneumonia (8%). Only 3.7% of patients died. Conclusions: The patients are characterized by being between the third and fourth decades of life, with a predominance of the female sex, with a health history, without toxic habits, with a hospital stay between 1 and 5 days, presence of flanges and adhesions as a cause of obstruction and low frequency of complications and deaths.

Cambio climático y sus repercusiones psicológicas en la población / Climate Change and his Physiology Repercution on Population

Cuando nos referimos al clima no es más que el conjunto de circunstancias atmosféricas propias de una zona determinada, que caracteriza a cada región y a su vez se manifiesta por un determinado estado geográfico, además de la periodicidad de la humedad, las lluvias, las temperaturas, los vientos; dichas acciones influyen en la existencia de los seres vivos y, sobre todo, en los seres humanos. Las evidencias científicas han demostrado que existe un cambio climático por el aumento de las congregaciones atmosféricas de gases de efecto invernadero, emanados de la actividad humana. El calentamiento global en el sistema climático internacional actual es incuestionable, tiene huellas en la temperatura del aire, en los océanos, los mares, en zonas árticas, en el desprendimieto de los glaciares, las constantes precipitaciones y las sequías.1 Sin embargo Hilson2 plantea en su estudio que muchos afirman que la situación del cambio climático es exagerada o no existe, a pesar de las evidencias científicas. El cambio climático es un canje en la distribución estadística de los esquemas atmosféricos durante una etapa prolongada de tiempo, y varía de una región a otra.3 El año 2016 fue el año más caluroso del que se tenga conocimiento, según las Naciones Unidas (ONU) declaró, que había aumentado la temperatura en 1,2 oC y para 2017 la acidez del mar y los niveles de dióxido de carbono habían aumentado considerablemente.4 Consecuentemente, el cambio climático, no...(AU)

Bayesian estimation of parameters in viral dynamics models with antiviral effect of interferons in a cell culture.

The goal of this work is to estimate the efficacy of interferon therapy in the inhibition of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in a cell culture. For this purpose, three viral dynamics models with the antiviral effect of interferons are presented; the dynamics of cell growth differ among the models, and a variant with Gompertz-type cell dynamics is proposed. A Bayesian statistics approach is used to estimate the cell dynamics parameters, viral dynamics and interferon efficacy. The models are fitted to sets of experimental data on cell growth, HIV-1 infection without interferon therapy and HIV-1 infection with interferon therapy, respectively. The Watanabe-Akaike information criterion (WAIC) is used to determine the model that best fits the experimental data. In addition to the estimated model parameters, the average lifespan of the infected cells and the basic reproductive number are calculated.

Cystic fibrosis with liver involvement in adults has a benign course. Results from a tertiary referral center cohort.

BACKGROUND: Cystic Fibrosis Liver Disease is a poorly understood entity, especially in adults, in terms of its real prevalence, natural history and diagnostic criteria, despite being the most important extrapulmonary cause of mortality. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics and potential risk factors of liver disease in adults with cystic fibrosis, according to two diagnostic criteria accepted in the scientific literature. METHODS: Patients were recruited in a tertiary referral hospital, and laboratory, ultrasound, non-invasive liver fibrosis tests (AST to Platelet Ratio Index; Fibrosis-4 Index) and transient elastography (Fibroscan) were performed. The proportion of patients with liver disease according to the Debray and Koh criteria were evaluated. RESULTS: 95 patients were included, 48 (50.5%) females, with a mean age of 30.4 (28.6-32.2) years. According to the Debray criteria, 6 (6.3%) patients presented liver disease. According to the Koh criteria, prevalence increased up to 8.4%, being statistically different from the 25% value described in other published series (p = 0.005). Seven (7.5%) presented ultrasonographic chronic liver disease. Eleven (13%) presented liver fibrosis according to the APRI score; 95 (100%) had a normal FIB-4 value. Mean liver stiffness value was 4.4 (4.1-4.7) kPa. FEV1 (OR=0.16, p 0.05), meconium ileus (OR=14.16, p 0.002), platelets (Pearson coefficient -0.25, p 0.05) and younger age (Pearson coefficient -0.19, p 0.05) were risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence and severity of liver disease in adult cystic fibrosis patients were lower than expected. Meconium ileus, platelets, age and respiratory function were confirmed as risk factors associated to cystic fibrosis liver disease.

Comorbilidad del trastorno del espectro autista y la epilepsia en edades pediátricas

Introducción: La comorbilidad entre la epilepsia y el trastorno del espectro autista alcanza un alto porcentaje en pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: Caracterizar la comorbilidad del trastorno del espectro autista y la epilepsia en pacientes pediátricos. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, en una población de 23 sujetos. Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes del sexo femenino (n = 14; 60,9 %). La totalidad de los individuos acudió a la primera consulta, fue diagnosticado con trastorno del espectro autista y sufrió la primera crisis epiléptica con 9 años de edad o menos. El 78,3 % (n= 18) nació entre las 38 y 42 semanas de gestación, y el 65,2 % (n= 15) fue diagnosticado con trastorno de déficit intelectual. Lo más común fue la inexistencia de factores de riesgo (n= 14; 60,9 %). Las crisis epilépticas generalizadas fueron las más frecuentes (n= 12; 52,17 %). Predominaron los individuos con trastorno del espectro autista congénito (n= 16; 69,57 %) e idiopático (n= 8; 64,78) En el 56,5 % (n= 13), la primera crisis epiléptica antecedió al diagnóstico del trastorno del espectro autista. Conclusiones: En la población estudiada, la comorbilidad entre epilepsia y trastorno del espectro autista se produce fundamentalmente en el sexo femenino, antes de la primera década de la vida, con coexistencia de un trastorno de déficit intelectual y la ausencia de factores de riesgo, en el contexto de crisis epilépticas generalizadas y un trastorno del espectro autista congénito, profundo, idiopático y con diagnóstico posterior al de la epilepsia.

Introduction: The comorbidity between epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder reaches a high percentage of pediatric patients. Objective: To characterize the comorbidity of autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy in pediatric patients. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study in a population of 23 subjects. Results: Female patients predominated (n= 14; 60.9%). All of the individuals attended the first consultation, were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and suffered the first epileptic seizure at 9 years or younger. 78.3% (n= 18) were born between 38 and 42 weeks of gestation, and 65.2% (n= 15) were diagnosed with intellectual disability disorder. The absence of risk factors was the most common characteristic (n= 14; 60.9 %). Generalized seizures were the most frequent (n= 12; 52.17%). Individuals with congenital (n= 16; 69.57%) and idiopathic (n= 8, 64.78) autism spectrum disorder predominated. In 56.5% (n= 13), the first epileptic seizure preceded the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Conclusions: In the population studied, the comorbidity between epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder occurs mainly in females, before the first decade of life, with coexistence of an intellectual disability disorder and the absence of risk factors, in the context of generalized epileptic seizures and a congenital, profound, idiopathic autism spectrum disorder, and diagnosed after epilepsy.

Cystic fibrosis with liver involvement in adults has a benign course. Results from a tertiary referral center cohort

Background: Cystic Fibrosis Liver Disease is a poorly understood entity, especially in adults, in terms of its real prevalence, natural history and diagnostic criteria, despite being the most important extrapulmonary cause of mortality. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics and potential risk factors of liver disease in adults with cystic fibrosis, according to two diagnostic criteria accepted in the scientific literature. Methods: Patients were recruited in a tertiary referral hospital, and laboratory, ultrasound, non-invasive liver fibrosis tests (AST to Platelet Ratio Index; Fibrosis-4 Index) and transient elastography (Fibroscan) were performed. The proportion of patients with liver disease according to the Debray and Koh criteria were evaluated. Results: 95 patients were included, 48 (50.5%) females, with a mean age of 30.4 (28.6-32.2) years. According to the Debray criteria, 6 (6.3%) patients presented liver disease. According to the Koh criteria, prevalence increased up to 8.4%, being statistically different from the 25% value described in other published series (p = 0.005). Seven (7.5%) presented ultrasonographic chronic liver disease. Eleven (13%) presented liver fibrosis according to the APRI score; 95 (100%) had a normal FIB-4 value. Mean liver stiffness value was 4.4 (4.1-4.7) kPa. FEV1 (OR=0.16, p 0.05), meconium ileus (OR=14.16, p 0.002), platelets (Pearson coefficient -0.25, p 0.05) and younger age (Pearson coefficient -0.19, p 0.05) were risk factors. Conclusions: Prevalence and severity of liver disease in adult cystic fibrosis patients were lower than expected. Meconium ileus, platelets, age and respiratory function were confirmed as risk factors associated to cystic fibrosis liver disease (AU)

Ecto-calreticulin expression in multiple myeloma correlates with a failed anti-tumoral immune response and bad prognosis.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been proposed to be a crucial process for antitumor immunosurveillance. ICD is characterized by the exposure and emission of Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMP), including calreticulin (CRT). A positive correlation between CRT exposure or total expression and improved anticancer immunosurveillance has been found in certain cancers, usually accompanied by favorable patient prognosis. In the present study, we sought to evaluate CRT levels in the plasma membrane of CD38+ bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) isolated from 71 patients with varying degrees of multiple myeloma (MM) disease and examine the possible relationship between basal CRT exposure and the bone marrow immune microenvironment, as well as its connection with different clinical markers. Data show that increased levels of cell surface-CRT were associated with more aggressive clinical features and with worse clinical prognosis in MM. High CRT expression in MM cells was associated with increased infiltration of NK cells, CD8+ T lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DC), indicative of an active anti-tumoral immune response, but also with a significantly higher presence of immunosuppressive Treg cells and increased expression of PD-L1 in myeloma cells.

Facile Synthesis of Unsupported Pd Aerogel for High Performance Formic Acid Microfluidic Fuel Cell.

In this work, unsupported Pd aerogel catalysts were synthesized for the very first time by using microwaves as a heating source followed by a lyophilization drying process and used towards formic acid electro-oxidation in a microfluidic fuel cell. Aerogels were also made by heating in a conventional oven to evaluate the microwave effect during the synthesis process of the unsupported Pd aerogels. The performance of the catalysts obtained by means of microwave heating favored the formic acid electro-oxidation with H2SO4 as the electrolyte. The aerogels' performance as anodic catalysts was carried out in a microfluidic fuel cell, giving power densities of up to 14 mW cm-2 when using mass loads of only 0.1 mg on a 0.019 cm2 electrode surface. The power densities of the aerogels obtained by microwave heating gave a performance superior to the resultant aerogel prepared using conventional heating and even better than a commercial Pd/C catalyst.

Prevalence and grade of diabetic peripheral neuropathy among known diabetic patients in rural Uganda.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Approximately 50% of diabetic patients are estimated to develop DPN, depending on disease duration and diabetic control. Early diagnosis of DPN will avoid complications, including non-traumatic lower limb amputation, which is considered the most debilitating complication, as well as significant psychological, social, and economical problems. There is a paucity of literature on DPN from rural Uganda. This study aimed to deliver the prevalence and grade of DPN among DM patients in rural Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study that recruited 319 known DM patients was conducted in an outpatient clinic and a diabetic clinic at Kampala International University-Teaching Hospital (KIU-TH), Bushenyi, Uganda, between December 2019 and March 2020. Questionnaires were used to obtain clinical and sociodemographic data, a neurological examination was carried out to assess the DPN, and a blood sample was collected from each participant (for random/fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin analyses). Data were analyzed using Stata version 15.0. Results: The sample size was 319 participants. The mean age of study participants was 59.4 ± 14.6 years and there were 197 (61.8%) females. The prevalence of DPN was 65.8% (210/319) (95% CI 60.4% to 70.9%), and 44.8% of participants had mild DPN, 42.4% had moderate DPN, and 12.8% had severe DPN. Conclusion: The prevalence of DPN at KIU-TH was higher among DM patients and its stage might have a negative impact on the progression of Diabetes Mellitus. Therefore, clinicians should consider neurological examination as a routine during assessment of all DM patients especially in rural areas where resources and facilities are often limited so that complications related to Diabetic mellitus will be prevented.

Schwann cell hamartoma as an incidental finding in a colonoscopy / Hamartoma de células de Schwann como hallazgo incidental en una colonoscopia

No disponible

Existence of a Conserved Quantity and Stability of In Vitro Virus Infection Dynamics Models with Absorption Effect.

The estimation of parameters in biomathematical models is useful to characterize quantitatively the dynamics of biological processes. In this paper, we consider some systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) modelling the viral dynamics in a cell culture. These models incorporate the loss of viral particles due to the absorption into target cells. We estimated the parameters of models by least-squares minimization between numerical solution of the system and experimental data of cell cultures. We derived a first integral or conserved quantity, and we proved the use of experimental data in order to test the conservation law. The systems have nonhyperbolic equilibrium points, and the conditions for their stability are obtained by using a Lyapunov function. We complemented these theoretical results with some numerical simulations.

Dating archaeological copper/bronze artifacts by using the voltammetry of microparticles.

A method for dating copper/bronze archaeological objects aged in atmospheric environments is proposed based on the specific signals for cuprite and tenorite corrosion products measured through the voltammtry of microparticles method. The tenorite/cuprite ratio increased with the corrosion time and fitted to a potential law that yielded a calibration curve usable for dating purposes.

Florbetapir (18F) for brain amyloid positron emission tomography: highlights on the European marketing approval.

Florbetapir (18F) for brain amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been recently approved in Europe to estimate ß-amyloid neuritic plaque density in the brain when the subject is still alive. Such density is one of the key issues for the definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) at autopsy. This capability of florbetapir (18F) is regarded as a significant improvement in the diagnostic procedures for adult patients with cognitive impairment who are being evaluated for AD and other causes of cognitive impairment. The current paper highlights the specific characteristics of the European marketing authorization of florbetapir (18F).

Factores de riesgo asociados al retardo en la consolidación de las fracturas de tibia tratadas con fijación externa / Risk factors associated to the delay in the consolidation of tibial fractures treated with external fixation

Se realizó un estudio longitudinal, prospectivo, unicéntrico y analítico de tipo caso-control de 33 pacientes con retardo en la consolidación de las fracturas de tibia tratados con fijadores externos, atendidos en el Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta diciembre de 2012, con vistas a identificar los factores de riesgo asociados. Para validar los resultados se calculó la razón de productos cruzados y se utilizaron la prueba de Ji al cuadrado y el test de Fisher con el correspondiente intervalo de confianza. Entre dichos factores predominaron el inadecuado seguimiento y control, el uso estático de los fijadores externos, el peroné intacto, el consumo prolongado de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos y tener 40 años y más, en ese orden.

A longitudinal, prospective, unicentric and analytic case-control study of 33 patients with delay in the consolidation of the tibial fractures treated with external fixers, assisted in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January to December, 2012, aimed at identifying the associated risk factors. To validate the results odds ratio was calculated and the Chi-square and the Fisher tests were used with the corresponding confidence interval. Among these factors the inadequate follow-up and control, the static use of the external fixers, the intact fibula, the long lasting consumption of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs and to be 40 years old and older prevailed, in that order.

Factores de riesgo asociados al retardo en la consolidación de las fracturas de tibia tratadas con fijación externa / Risk factors associated to the delay in the consolidation of tibial fractures treated with external fixation

Se realizó un estudio longitudinal, prospectivo, unicéntrico y analítico de tipo caso-control de 33 pacientes con retardo en la consolidación de las fracturas de tibia tratados con fijadores externos, atendidos en el Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta diciembre de 2012, con vistas a identificar los factores de riesgo asociados. Para validar los resultados se calculó la razón de productos cruzados y se utilizaron la prueba de Ji al cuadrado y el test de Fisher con el correspondiente intervalo de confianza. Entre dichos factores predominaron el inadecuado seguimiento y control, el uso estático de los fijadores externos, el peroné intacto, el consumo prolongado de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos y tener 40 años y más, en ese orden(AU)

A longitudinal, prospective, unicentric and analytic case-control study of 33 patients with delay in the consolidation of the tibial fractures treated with external fixers, assisted in Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January to December, 2012, aimed at identifying the associated risk factors. To validate the results odds ratio was calculated and the Chi-square and the Fisher tests were used with the corresponding confidence interval. Among these factors the inadequate follow-up and control, the static use of the external fixers, the intact fibula, the long lasting consumption of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs and to be 40 years old and older prevailed, in that order(AU)

Layer-by-layer identification of copper alteration products in metallic works of art using the voltammetry of microparticles.

An in situ technique for layer-by-layer electrochemical analysis of solid surfaces using the voltammetry of microparticles is presented. The method is based on the determination of several shape-dependent parameters for voltammetric curves recorded at a graphite pencil working electrode in contact with the sample, all immersed into aqueous electrolytes. Repetitive square wave voltammetry and sequential application of constant potential reductive steps and voltammetric scans yield discernible responses for the corrosion products distributed in stratified layers on metal-based surfaces. This methodology is applied to identify alteration products of copper and copper alloys distributed in different layers in copper coupons submitted to different corrosive treatments and a contemporary brass sculpture.