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1.
Eng Life Sci ; 20(3-4): 54-66, 2020 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32874170

RESUMO

In this research, low strength synthetic wastewaters with chemical oxygen demand less than 300 mg L-1 were treated at different concentrations in a bioelectrochemical desalination process. A process optimization model was utilized to study the performance of the photosynthetic bioelectrochemical desalination process. The variables include substrate (chemical oxygen demand) concentration, total dissolved solids, and microalgae biomass concentration in the cathode chamber. Relationships between the chemical oxygen demand concentration, microalgae, and salt concentrations were evaluated. Power densities and potential energy benefits from microalgal biomass growth were discussed. The results from this study demonstrated the reliability and reproducibility of the photosynthetic microbial desalination process performance followed by a response surface methodology optimization. This study also confirms the suitability of bioelectrochemical desalination process for treating low substrate wastewaters such as agricultural wastewaters, anaerobic digester effluents, and septic tank effluents for net energy production and water desalination.

2.
Water Environ Res ; 92(10): 1677-1694, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32744347

RESUMO

This article presents an update on the research and practical demonstration of wetland-based treatment technologies for protecting water resources and environment covering papers published in 2019. Wetland applications in wastewater treatment, stormwater management, and removal of nutrients, metals, and emerging pollutants including pathogens are highlighted. A summary of studies focusing on the effects of vegetation, wetland design and operation strategies, and process configurations and modeling, for efficient treatment of various municipal and industrial wastewaters, is included. In addition, hybrid and innovative processes with wetlands as a platform treatment technology are presented.


Assuntos
Purificação da Água , Áreas Alagadas , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos , Águas Residuárias/análise
3.
Water Environ Res ; 91(10): 1378-1389, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31529659

RESUMO

This article presents an update on the research and practical demonstration of wetland treatment technologies for wastewater treatment. Applications of wetlands in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or a decentralized system) and stormwater management or treatment for nutrient and pollutant removal (metals, industrial and emerging pollutants including pharmaceutical compounds and pathogens) are highlighted. A summary of studies involving the effects of vegetation, wetland design and operation, and configurations for efficient treatment of various municipal and industrial wastewaters is also included. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Provides an update on current research and development of wetland technologies for wastewater treatment. Effects of vegetation, pathogens removal, heavy metals and emerging pollutants removal are included. Wetland design and operation is a key factor to improve water quality of wetland effluent.


Assuntos
Metais Pesados , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos , Águas Residuárias , Qualidade da Água , Áreas Alagadas
4.
Water Environ Res ; 90(10): 1537-1562, 2018 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30126491

RESUMO

An update on the current research and development of wetland treatment technologies for wastewater treatment is provided in this paper. This article focuses on wetland applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or a decentralized system), and nutrient and pollutant removal (metals, industrial and emerging pollutants including pharmaceutical compounds). A summary of studies involving the effects of vegetation, wetland design and operation, modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, landfill leachate treatment, and pathogen removal is also included.


Assuntos
Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Águas Residuárias/química , Áreas Alagadas , Biodegradação Ambiental
5.
Water Environ Res ; 89(10): 1163-1205, 2017 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28954656

RESUMO

This article provides an update on the wastewater treatment technologies, which utilize natural processes or passive components to remove various pollutants. The focus is on the wetland systems and their applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or a decentralized system), and nutrient and pollutant removal (heavy and hazardous metals, industrial and emerging pollutants including pharmaceutical and personal care products and endocrine disrupting chemicals). A summary of studies involving the effects of vegetation, wetland design and operation, modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, storm water treatment, sludge treatment, landfill leachate treatment, and pathogen removal is also included.


Assuntos
Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Áreas Alagadas , Biodegradação Ambiental , Esgotos , Águas Residuárias , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Purificação da Água
6.
Water Environ Res ; 88(10): 1160-91, 2016 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27620086

RESUMO

An update on the current research and development of the treatment technologies, which utilize natural processes or passive components in wastewater treatment, is provided in this paper. The main focus is on wetland systems and their applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or decentralized system), nutrient and pollutant removal (metals, industrial and emerging pollutants including pharmaceutical compounds). A summary of studies involving the effects of vegetation, wetland design and modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, storm water treatment and pathogen removal is also included.


Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Áreas Alagadas , Metais/análise , Águas Residuárias/análise , Águas Residuárias/microbiologia , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poluição Química da Água/análise , Poluição Química da Água/estatística & dados numéricos
7.
Water Environ Res ; 87(10): 1095-126, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26420081

RESUMO

This paper provides a review of the treatment technologies, which utilize natural processes or passive components in wastewater treatment. In particular, this paper primarily focuses on wetland systems and their applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or decentralized system), nutrient and pollutant removal (single and multiple pollutants, and metals), and emerging pollutant removal (pharmaceuticals). A summary of studies involving the plant (vegetation) effects, wetland design and modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, storm water treatment and pathogen removal is also included.

8.
Waste Manag ; 34(12): 2611-20, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25168186

RESUMO

This study reports on the effects of direct pulse sonication and the type of alcohol (methanol and ethanol) on the transesterification reaction of waste vegetable oil without any external heating or mechanical mixing. Biodiesel yields and optimum process conditions for the transesterification reaction involving ethanol, methanol, and ethanol-methanol mixtures were evaluated. The effects of ultrasonic power densities (by varying sample volumes), power output rates (in W), and ultrasonic intensities (by varying the reactor size) were studied for transesterification reaction with ethanol, methanol and ethanol-methanol (50%-50%) mixtures. The optimum process conditions for ethanol or methanol based transesterification reaction of waste vegetable oil were determined as: 9:1 alcohol to oil ratio, 1% wt. catalyst amount, 1-2 min reaction time at a power output rate between 75 and 150 W. It was shown that the transesterification reactions using ethanol-methanol mixtures resulted in biodiesel yields as high as >99% at lower power density and ultrasound intensity when compared to ethanol or methanol based transesterification reactions.


Assuntos
Biocombustíveis/análise , Etanol/química , Metanol/química , Óleos de Plantas/química , Resíduos Sólidos , Esterificação , Sonicação
9.
Bioresour Technol ; 156: 240-7, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24508902

RESUMO

This study describes the use of microwaves (MW) for enhanced extractive-transesterification of algal lipids from dry algal biomass (Chlorella sp.). Two different single-step extractive-transesterification methods under MW irradiation were evaluated: (1) with ethanol as solvent/reactant and sodium hydroxide catalyst; and (2) with ethanol as reactant and hexane as solvent (sodium hydroxide catalyst). Biodiesel (fatty-acid-ethyl-esters, FAEE) yields from these two methods were compared with the conventional Bligh and Dyer (BD) method which followed a two-step extraction-transesterification process. The maximum lipid yields for MW, MW with hexane and BD methods were 20.1%, 20.1%, and 13.9%, respectively; while the FAEE conversion of the algal lipids were 96.2%, 94.3%, and 78.1%, respectively. The algae-biomass:ethanol molar ratio of 1:250-500 and 2.0-2.5% catalyst with reaction times around 6min were determined as optimum conditions for both methods. This study confers that the single-step non-conventional methods can contribute to higher algal lipid and FAEE yields.


Assuntos
Hexanos/farmacologia , Lipídeos/isolamento & purificação , Micro-Ondas , Solventes/farmacologia , Catálise/efeitos dos fármacos , Chlorella/efeitos dos fármacos , Chlorella/metabolismo , Esterificação/efeitos dos fármacos , Temperatura , Fatores de Tempo
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