RESUMO
Nanomaterials based on graphene oxide nanoribbons (GNR) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) serve as attractive materials for bone tissue engineering. Herein, we evaluated the potential of nHAp/GNR toward in vitro analysis of specific genes related to osteogenesis and in vivo bone regeneration using animal model. Three different concentrations of nHAp/GNR composites were analyzed in vitro using a cytotoxicity assay, and osteogenic potential was determined by ALP, OPN, OCN, COL1, and RUNX2 genes and alkaline phosphatase assays. In vivo bone neoformation using a well-established in vivo rat tibia defect model was used to confirm the efficiency of the optimized composite. The scaffolds were nontoxic, and the osteogenesis process was dose-dependent (at 200 µg mL-1 of nHAp/GNR) compared to controls. The in vivo results showed higher bone neoformation after 15 days of nHAp/GNR implantation compared to all groups. After 21 days, both nHAp/GNR composites showed better lamellar bone formation compared to control. We attributed this enhanced bone neoformation to the high bioactivity and surface area presented by nHAp/GNR composites, which was systematically evaluated in previous studies. These new in vivo results suggest that nHAp/GNR composites can be exploited for a range of strategies for the improved development of novel dental and orthopedic bone grafts to accelerate bone regeneration.
RESUMO
O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência, aconselhamento e as dificuldades para a prática de exercício físico em idosos no Programa de Saúde da Família do município de Floriano-Piauí. Utilizou-se questionário estruturado com questões objetivas e subjetivas em relação a pratica de exercício físico. Participaram do estudo 383 sujeitos (73,2 ± 8,93 anos) sendo 258(67,4%) do sexo feminino e 125(32,5%) do sexo masculino. Os dados foram analisados através de análise descritiva e teste quiquadrado (p<0,05). Os resultados apontaram que 74,8% dos idosos não praticam nenhum tipo de exercício físico. No entanto, 90,4% (n = 348) consideram importante a prática de exercícios físicos, sendo a caminhada o exercício físico mais praticado. Dos 25,2% que praticam exercício, 48,5% receberam aconselhamento para prática através de médicos. Dentre as dificuldades encontradas, 31,9% dos idosos, a falta de interesse predomina entre os motivos mais relatados. Sendo assim, programas de atividade física em Unidades de Saúde da Família devem ser implementados como forma de garantia de acesso e incentivo para esse grupo etário...(AU)
The study aimed to investigate the prevalence, advice and the difficulties in physical exercise in the elderly in Health Program in the city of Floriano, Piauí Family. We used structured questionnaire with objective and subjective questions regarding the practice of physical exercise. The study included 383 subjects (73.2 ± 8.93 years) and 258 (67.4%) women and 125 (32.5%) were male. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and chi-square test (p <0.05). The results showed that 74.8% of seniors do not practice any kind of physical exercise. However, 90.4% (n = 348) considered important to the practice of physical exercises, walking being the most practiced exercise. Of the 25.2% who exercise, 48.5% received advice to practice by doctors. Among the difficulties encountered, 31.9% of the elderly, lack of interest prevails among the most reported reasons. Thus, physical activity programs in Family Health Units should be implemented as a guarantee of access and incentive for this age group...(AU)
