[A cytological study as a part of integrated examinations of patients with the mammary gland pathologies in the ambulatory and clinical settings]. / Tsitologicheskoe issledovanie v sisteme integrirovannogo obsledovaniia patsientok s zabolevaniiami molochnoi zhelezy v ambulatorno-poliklinicheskikh usloviiakh.

An integrated system of examination of female patients was used to detect the mammary-gland pathologies at the Central Clinic of Russia's Federal Security Service in the ambulatory and clinical settings. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy monitored by ultrasound as well as target aspiration biopsy based on the "Mammodiagnost-400" X-ray unit with the "Cytoguide" stereoscopic attachment (pistol-needle system) were applied to obtain the cell samples in nonpalpable neoplasms of the mammary gland; fine-needle aspiration biopsy without ultrasound monitoring was used in palpable neoplasms. Diagnosis was morphologically verified in all cases. Pathologies of the mammary gland prevailed, within the examinees, at an age of 44 to 53. The number of malignant neoplasms made 7.6% of the total number of examinees. The results of intraoperative cytological examinations correlated, in all cases, with histological conclusions. The final diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical and X-ray examinations and of cytological conclusions. The diagnosis was histologically verified in 40% of cases. According to the data analysis, histological examinations are necessary and should be in the list of diagnosis-verification measures within the system of integrated examinations of female patients with pathologies of the mammary gland.

[Problems of psychosomatics and somatopsychiatrics in internal medicine]. / Problemy psikhosomatiki i somatopsikhiatrii v klinike vnytrennikh boleznei.

The past 2 decades in our country has been marked by the population's poorer health status, the obvious tendency for the incidence of many somatic and mental diseases to increase. The problem of somatogenic mental diseases and disorders diagnosed in the presence of a somatic disease merits particular attention. The paper considers the background of psychosomatics and somatopsychiatrics, presents the authors' own findings of the mental status in patients with chronic lung diseases. Various somatic disease-detected psychopathological syndrome relationships most common in the treatment of visceral diseases are systematized. Emphasis is laid to the fact that the differentiation of proper mental and somatic diseases, the elaboration of the optimal treatment policy is possible only if therapeutists work in close cooperation with psychiatrists. Principles in the complex therapy of psychopathological disorders in patients with somatic diseases are given.

[Puncture methods of the diagnosis and treatment under the control of US, CT and X-ray video image]. / Punktsionnye metody diagnostiki i lecheniia pod kontrolem UZ, KT i rentgenotelevizionnogo izobrazheniia.

Exploratory and therapeutical punctures were made in 454 patients under the control of ultrasound, CT, and X-ray teleimage. Diagnostic biopsies established the cytological and histological nature of diseases in 67.6% of cases, positive ultrasound-, CT-, and X-ray teleimage-controlled biopsies being 76.3, 64.9, and 71.4%, respectively. Beneficial effects of therapeutical interventions were obtained in 89.5% of patients.

[Late complications of poliomyelitis]. / Pozdnie oslozhneniia poliomielita.

We examined 73 31-55-year-old postpoliomyelitis patients who had paralytic form of the disease before the age of 11. It was found that progression of neuro-muscular signs (pareses, atrophies, myalgias), typical for postpoliomyelitis muscular atrophy (PMA) emerged in 43 patients. Classical statistical analysis of clinical and electromyographical data and special statistical method of extreme parameter grouping confirmed PMA only in 8 out of the above 43; 3 forms of postpoliomyelitis syndrome were recognised.

[Computerized myelotomography in lesions of the spine and spinal cord]. / Komp'iuternaia mielotomografiia pri porazheniiakh pozvonochnika i spinnogo mozga.

CT myelotomography was carried out in 262 patients with various conditions of the spine and cord. Pathologic changes were detected in 233 (87.6%) of the examinees. The most frequent diseases were tumors and metastases (59 cases), degenerative processes, including primary and recurrent hernias (59 cases), atrophic processes (46 cases). The accuracy of the diagnosis was found to be 98.6%. A false-positive result was obtained in one case with a suspected tumor of the cord. No complications were recorded. Computer-aided myelotomography is an effective method for the diagnosis of involvement of the spine and cord.

[The correlation of cerebrospinal fluid circulatory and venous circulatory cerebral disorders in patients with the sequelae of neural infections]. / Sootnoshenie likvorotsirkuliatornykh i venoznykh distsirkuliatornykh tserebral'nykh rasstroistv u bol'nykh s posledstviiami neiroinfektsii.

Clinico-functional study was carried out encephalographically and echoencephalographically in 45 patients aging from 29 to 56 with sequels of neuroinfection. Data on clinical and functional manifestations of liquorocirculatory and venous dyscirculatory cerebral disorders were obtained. Liquorocirculatory disorders were demonstrated to be were some connection between them. It was pointed out that disorders of venous blood more frequent and clinically evident as compared to venous dyscirculation although there flow acquire particular importance in patients with moderate dyscirculation of liquor while mattering considerably less in pronounced intracranial hypertension or its absence.

[Computerized tomography in the diagnosis of degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the spine and herniated intervertebral disk]. / Kompiuternaia tomografiia v diagnostike degenerativno-distroficheskikh porazhenii pozvonochnika--gryzhi mezpozvonkovogo diska.

Computed tomography (CT) examination was performed in 711 patients with various degenerative and dystrophic processes in the spine. The most numerous group (485 patients) included those with a posterior discal hernia associated in 54.3% of cases with other degenerative and dystrophic alterations in the vertebral column. The hernias were paramedial in 336 and central in 147 patients. In 98.4% of cases the lumbosacral portion was involved. The CT diagnosis was verified at surgery in 103 patients (21.3%) providing evidence for setting up the principal CT criteria of the hernia: deformity of the disk posterior margin in the form of its local prolapse, deformity of the epidural fat, presence of a soft tissue component, dislocation and deformity of the dural sac. It is established that CT is a safe and highly informative diagnostic procedure in discal hernias.

[Value of computerized tomography methods in diagnosing various diseases of the spine and spinal cord]. / Znachenie metoda rentgenovskoi kom'piuternoi tomografii v diagnostike nekotorykh zabolevanii pozvonochnika i spinnogo mozga.

The authors generalize their 3-year experience in the employment of computer tomography at a multiprofile hospital and determine the diagnostic possibilities of this method in the treatment of degenerative and dystrophic diseases, primary and secondary tumours as well as some diseases of the spinal cord. The methods of improving the diagnostic efficiency of CT are discussed, particularly the employment of additional contrasting methods (CT epidurography and CT myelography). The indications for the employment of CT have been determined and the optimal sequence of performing the traditional X-ray methods of investigation, CT, CT epidurography and CT myelography in the lesions of the spinal column and the spinal cord has been worked out.