Protocolos perinatais empregados para a avaliação do diabetes mellitus gestacional induzido por estreptozotocina em ratas / Perinatal protocols employed for the evaluation of diabetes mellitus gestational induced by streptozotocin in rats

Muitos protocolos experimentais pré-clinicos in vivo empregam a estreptozotocina (STZ) como ferramenta farmacológica para a compreensão das sequelas que acometem os indivíduos expostos à hiperglicemia gestacional. O objetivo deste estudo foi sintetizar os diversos protocolos experimentais utilizados para os estudos de embriões, fetos e filhotes de ratas com diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) induzida por estreptozotocina (DMG-STZ). Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre as abordagens metodológicas aplicadas aos estudos da DMG-STZ em ratos. Três pontos foram destacados nesta revisão: a) Doses e principais vias de administração da STZ, concentração plasmática de glicose para reconhecimento do DMG-STZ; b) Protocolos empregados para a avaliação pré-natal; c) Protocolos empregados para a avaliação do desenvolvimento pós-natal. As doses encontradas nos protocolos variaram entre 30 e 135 mg/Kg para administração por via intraperitoneal; entre 15 e 65 mg/Kg para via intravenosa e na dose de 45 mg/Kg para via subcutânea. Os valores glicêmicos sanguíneos para reconhecimento do DMG ficaram entre 97 e 500 mg/dL. Os estudos pré-natais abordaram a embriopatia diabética associada ao desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central e à função renal, além das alterações do transporte útero- -placentário-fetal; os estudos pós-natais enfatizaram a correlação entre a macrossomia neonatal e a dislipidemia pós-natal, o desenvolvimento comportamental pós-natal e as alterações cardiovasculares. Embora existam grandes diferenças metodológicas entre os protocolos empregados, podemos concluir que a DMG-STZ ainda é um bom modelo para os estudos dos efeitos da hiperglicemia sobre os conceptos.

Many in vivo preclinical experimental protocols employ streptozotocin (STZ) as a pharmacological tool for understanding sequelae affecting individuals exposed to gestational hyperglycemia. The objective of this study was to synthesize the different experimental protocols that have been used to examine the embryos, fetuses, and pups of rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) induced by streptozotocin (GDM-STZ). In this work, we have developed an integrative literature review, including quantitative methodological approaches that can be applied to studies of GDM-STZ in rats. Three points were highlighted in this study: a) Doses and central routes of STZ administration, and plasma glucose concentration for recognition of GDM-STZ; B) Protocols used for prenatal evaluation; c) Protocols used for the assessment of postnatal development. The doses ranged from 30 to 135 mg/kg for intraperitoneal administration; Between 20 and 65 mg/kg for the intravenous route and 45 mg/kg for the subcutaneous route. The blood glucose values for recognition of GDM were between 97 and 500 mg/dL. Prenatal studies approached diabetic embryopathy associated with central nervous system development and renal function in addition to changes in utero-placental-fetal transport. On the other hand, postnatal studies emphasized the correlation between neonatal macrossomia and postnatal dyslipidemia, postnatal behavioral development and cardiovascular changes. Although there are large methodological differences between the protocols employed, we can conclude from this review that GDM-STZ is still a good model for the studies of the effects of hyperglycemia on the concepts.

Protocolos perinatais empregados para a avaliação do diabetes mellitus gestacional induzido por estreptozotocina em ratas / Perinatal protocols employed for the evaluation of diabetes mellitus gestational induced by streptozotocin in rats

Muitos protocolos experimentais pré-clinicos in vivo empregam a estreptozotocina (STZ) como ferramenta farmacológica para a compreensão das sequelas que acometem os indivíduos expostos à hiperglicemia gestacional. O objetivo deste estudo foi sintetizar os diversos protocolos experimentais utilizados para os estudos de embriões, fetos e filhotes de ratas com diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) induzida por estreptozotocina (DMG-STZ). Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre as abordagens metodológicas aplicadas aos estudos da DMG-STZ em ratos. Três pontos foram destacados nesta revisão: a) Doses e principais vias de administração da STZ, concentração plasmática de glicose para reconhecimento do DMG-STZ; b) Protocolos empregados para a avaliação pré-natal; c) Protocolos empregados para a avaliação do desenvolvimento pós-natal. As doses encontradas nos protocolos variaram entre 30 e 135 mg/Kg para administração por via intraperitoneal; entre 15 e 65 mg/Kg para via intravenosa e na dose de 45 mg/Kg para via subcutânea. Os valores glicêmicos sanguíneos para reconhecimento do DMG ficaram entre 97 e 500 mg/dL. Os estudos pré-natais abordaram a embriopatia diabética associada ao desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central e à função renal, além das alterações do transporte útero- -placentário-fetal; os estudos pós-natais enfatizaram a correlação entre a macrossomia neonatal e a dislipidemia pós-natal, o desenvolvimento comportamental pós-natal e as alterações cardiovasculares. Embora existam grandes diferenças metodológicas entre os protocolos empregados, podemos concluir que a DMG-STZ ainda é um bom modelo para os estudos dos efeitos da hiperglicemia sobre os conceptos.(AU)

Many in vivo preclinical experimental protocols employ streptozotocin (STZ) as a pharmacological tool for understanding sequelae affecting individuals exposed to gestational hyperglycemia. The objective of this study was to synthesize the different experimental protocols that have been used to examine the embryos, fetuses, and pups of rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) induced by streptozotocin (GDM-STZ). In this work, we have developed an integrative literature review, including quantitative methodological approaches that can be applied to studies of GDM-STZ in rats. Three points were highlighted in this study: a) Doses and central routes of STZ administration, and plasma glucose concentration for recognition of GDM-STZ; B) Protocols used for prenatal evaluation; c) Protocols used for the assessment of postnatal development. The doses ranged from 30 to 135 mg/kg for intraperitoneal administration; Between 20 and 65 mg/kg for the intravenous route and 45 mg/kg for the subcutaneous route. The blood glucose values for recognition of GDM were between 97 and 500 mg/dL. Prenatal studies approached diabetic embryopathy associated with central nervous system development and renal function in addition to changes in utero-placental-fetal transport. On the other hand, postnatal studies emphasized the correlation between neonatal macrossomia and postnatal dyslipidemia, postnatal behavioral development and cardiovascular changes. Although there are large methodological differences between the protocols employed, we can conclude from this review that GDM-STZ is still a good model for the studies of the effects of hyperglycemia on the concepts.(AU)

Characterization of the Effects of the Shiitake Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom, Lentinus edodes (Agaricomycetes), on Severe Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Rats.

This study evaluated the protective effect of Lentinus edodes in rats with streptozotocin-induced gestational diabetes mellitus (STZ-GDM) when administered orally. The rats received from the 1st to the 19th day of gestation daily doses of 100 or 200 mg/kg of lyophilized and reconstituted L. edodes; the animals in the saline control group and diabetic control group received a saline solution (DS). Gestational diabetes mellitus was induced by streptozotocin (80 mg/kg, administered intraperitoneally) on the fourth day of pregnancy; blood glucose > 180 mg/dL was considered to indicate STZ-GDM. L. edodes reduced catalase in plasma. We also observed reduced glucose in plasma, urea, triglycerides, and aspartate aminotransferase. There was a decrease in preimplantation loss when compared with the DS group. The doses of L. edodes used here had a protective effect on the preimplantation parameters in STZGDM. However, the mushroom was not able to reverse the deleterious effects caused by streptozotocin throughout the evolution of pregnancy.