[Antituberculous in vitro activity of Helichrýsum arenárium extract].

Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of aqueous solution (50 mg/mL) of alcoholic extract of Helichrýsum arenárium (L.) dried flowers, prepared by a special technique so as to increase the yield of flavonoids, was studied in vitro with respect to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) strains possessing varying degrees of drug resistance, as characterized by replacements Ser R Leu (modification of b-subunit RNA-polymerase of MBT) and Ser R Thr (inactivation of MBT catalase-peroxidase enzyme). The mechanism of this drug action is clearly distinguished from that of the first-line drugs, since strains resistant to these reference drugs have proved susceptible to extract H. arenárium extract. This extract can be recommended for preclinical and clinical studies in the search for new antituberculous drugs and for studying new mechanisms of drug action on MBT. It may also be an effective drug for the treatment of multidrug-resistant MBT strains.

[AntI-inflammatory, antipyretic and antimicrobial activity of flavonoid-containing extract of Gratiola officinalis L].

The extract of Gratiola officinalis L. has been obtained by an original method ensuring the maximum yield of flavonoids. The extract simultaneously exhibits high anti-inflammatory activity, selective antimicrobial properties (with respect to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but not to conditionally pathogenic E. coli) and antipyretic effect (observed for the first time in Gratiola officinalis L. preparations). Advantages of the proposed preparation are low toxicity, availability of the raw material, and broad spectrum of therapeutic effects.

[Three-year results of the treatment of localized prostate cancer using high-intensity focused ultrasound].

The study was aimed to the assessment of the effectiveness of treatment for prostate cancer using high-intensity focused ultrasound on the basis of clinical, radiation, laboratory data, and results of morphometric and immunohistochemical study of postoperative prostate biopsies. 112 sessions of HIFU-ablation of the prostate in 112 patients with localized prostate cancer were performed. Average number of impulses of action--634 +/- 176, the average volume of tissue exposed--34.6 +/- 15.2 cm3 per 1 session. The operative time ranged from 90 to 165 min (mean 125 min). The postoperative hospital stay ranged from 7 to 14 days (average 10 +/- 0.8 days). Intraoperative complications during HIFU-ablation were not observed. The average level of prostate-specific antigen 1,5 months after surgery was 0.7 (0.12-3.67) ng/ml. Minimum level of prostate-specific antigen was reached 20 +/- 2 weeks after treatment, and the average level was 0.26 +/- 0.01 ng/ml. 6 months after, prostate volume decreased by an average of 49%; 10-12 months after intervention, prostate volume was 6.5 +/- 2.2 cm3. Morphological analysis after treatment included studies with standard and immunohistochemical staining using the following antibodies: PCNA, Bcl2, AMACR, E-cadherin, ANDR. Recurrence-free course was observed in 96 (85.8%) patients. Recurrences were detected in 16 (14.2%) patients, with biochemical progression in 11 (9.82%) patients. Local recurrence (morphologically confirmed) was diagnosed in 5 (4.46%) patients.

[Laser photocoagulation of bleeding gastric and duodenal ulcer].

Laser photocoagulation of bleeding ulcer is one of the effective methods of endoscopic hemostasis. Experimental studies were carried out on resected stomach preparation. The preparations were studied histologically. Clinical trial was conducted in 43 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer for hemostasis and prophylaxis of recurrent bleeding. Initial endoscopic hemostasis was successful in all the patients. Relapse of bleeding was seen in 4 patients. Overall efficacy of laser hemostasis was 90.7%. It is concluded that laser photocoagulation is one of effective and convenient methods of endoscopic hemostasis.

[Essence and significance of DIC-syndrome in acute peritonitis]. / Sushchnost' i znachenie DVS-sindroma pri ostrom peritonite.

Section specimens of 20 patients who had died of peritonitis of different genesis and specimens of various organs from 10 rats which had of died experimental peritonitis were studied morphologically. It was revealed that 100% patients demonstrated intravascular blood coagulation, it was disseminated in 60% cases and localized--in 40%. In experimental peritonitis intravascular blood coagulation developed in 6 of 10 animals only, and it was disseminated in 3 rats only. It is demonstrated that microthrombi don't lead to focal necrosis due to their special localization in microcirculatory bed vessels.

[Frequency and morphology of DIC-syndrome in children in early neonatal period]. / O chastote i morfologii DVS-sindroma u detei v rannem neonatal'nom periode.

Morphological study of 120 autopsy cases of newborns who died of intrauterine pneumonia, respiratory distress, hemorrhage into the brain ventricles and asphyxia revealed that in all these diseases intravascular blood coagulation develops which can be disseminated or local. Morphological manifestations of DIC-syndrome in newborns are described. The development of DIC-syndrome 18-24 hours before death is considered as a sign of compensatory-adaptive failure at the level of microcirculatory bed (type of "blood degeneration").