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1.
BMC Womens Health ; 23(1): 469, 2023 09 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37658410

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Diet quality is a significant determinant in the etiology of breast cancer (BrCa), but further studies are required to explore this relationship. Therefore, we tried to assess if diet quality, assessed using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), was related to BrCa among the Iranian population. METHODS: In the present case-control research, 134 women with a recent diagnosis of BrCa and 267 without BrCa were selected as case and control groups. Individual food intake data from a food frequency questionnaire was used to compute DQI-I. Also, the multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate the association between DQI-I and BrCa odds . RESULTS: We found a significant association between the last tertile of DQI-I and BrCa odds in the fully adjusted model (odds ratio (OR) = 0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15-0.56). The subgroup analysis based on menopausal status also showed a significant decrease in BrCa odds in pre-and post-menopausal women (pre-menopausal: OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.10-0.70 - post-menopausal status: OR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.13-0.92). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that a higher DQI-I score was related to a lower chance of BrCa. According to our research, a healthy diet pattern is crucial for BrCa prevention.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Dieta , Dieta Saudável
2.
BMC Gastroenterol ; 23(1): 183, 2023 May 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37231404

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: No previous study has assessed the association between oxidative balance score (OBS) and dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with colorectal cancer (CRC) simultaneously. Therefore, this study investigated the association between OBS and DPI with the odds of CRC among the Iranian population. METHODS: This hospital-based age and sex-matched case-control study was conducted between September 2008 and January 2010 (142 controls and 71 cases were entered for analysis). New diagnosed CRC cases were selected from the Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran. Dietary intakes were determined by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Then, dietary indices were calculated by food items and nutrient intake. Logistic regression was utilized for assessing the tertiles of OBS and DPI. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, OBS was associated with a 77% reduction in CRC odds in the last tertile than the first tertile (odds ratio (OR) = 0.23, confidence interval (CI): 0.07-0.72, Ptrend = 0.017). Also, we found a 64% reduction in CRC odds in the last tertile of DPI compared to the first tertile (OR = 0.36, CI: 0.15-0.86, Ptrend = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: A diet rich in phytochemicals and anti-oxidants, including fruits and vegetables (citrus fruits, colored berries, and dark-green leafy vegetables) and whole grains, may reduce the CRC odds.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Dieta , Fatores de Risco , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Verduras , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/prevenção & controle , Compostos Fitoquímicos , Estresse Oxidativo
3.
BMC Cancer ; 23(1): 347, 2023 Apr 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37069525

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth and third most common cancer in Iran and the world, respectively. Carbohydrates can lead to the proliferation of cancer cells, including CRC. The current study aimed to investigate the association between glycemic load (GL), insulin load (IL), glycemic index (GI), insulin index (II), low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS), and carbohydrate quality index (CQI) with CRC odds. METHODS: The present case-control study was performed on 71 CRC cases and 142 controls in the Hospital Cancer Organization and three general hospitals in Tehran, Iran. We calculated the dietary GI, GL, IL, II, CQI, and LCDS by a validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: The results indicated that people who were in the highest tertile of the GI had higher odds of CRC compared to the lower tertile (in the adjusted model: odds ratio (OR) = 3.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.71-8.84). On the contrary, people who were in the highest tertile of the CQI and LCDS had significantly lower odds of CRC compared to the lower tertile (in the adjusted model: tertile (T) 2-OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.11-0.53 and T3-OR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.06-0.39 for CQI and T2-OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13-0.79 and T3-OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10-0.82 for LCDS). Also, IL was positively associated with the odds of CRC after adjusting for confounding factors (T2-OR = 2.46; CI: 1.08-5.61 and T3- OR = 2.80; 95% CI: 1.07-7.31). Regarding the GL, only individuals who were in the second tertile had significantly higher odds of CRC compared to the first tertile (OR = 2.42; CI: 1.07-5.47). CONCLUSION: According to the findings, it is recommended to use a diet with high-quality carbohydrates and low GI and GL to minimize the odds of developing CRC. People should also be encouraged to have a balanced carbohydrate intake.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Carboidratos da Dieta , Humanos , Fatores de Risco , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Índice Glicêmico , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Insulina , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/etiologia
4.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-161474

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype as possible hypertension (HTN) predictors in a high-risk population without diabetes and HTN. METHODS: Incident HTN over a 7-year follow-up was assessed among 1,375 first-degree non-diabetic and non-hypertensive relatives of consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes who were 30 to 70 years of age. HTN was defined as a blood pressure reading ≥140/90 mm Hg or the use of antihypertensive medications. We examined the incidence of HTN across VAI quintiles and four groups defined according to baseline fasting serum triglyceride (TG) levels and waist circumference (WC). RESULTS: The VAI and the HTGW phenotype at baseline were related to an increased risk for HTN. In comparison with the lowest VAI quintile, the highest VAI quintile showed a significant associated with HTN in an age- and gender-adjusted model (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 2.55). Those with HTGW were 2.3 times (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.54 to 3.35) more likely to develop HTN than those with a normal WC and normal TG levels. CONCLUSION: Greater VAI values weakly predicted HTN, whereas the HTGW phenotype was a stronger predictor of incident HTN in an Iranian high-risk population.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adiposidade , Pressão Sanguínea , Jejum , Seguimentos , Hipertensão , Cintura Hipertrigliceridêmica , Incidência , Fenótipo , Fatores de Risco , Triglicerídeos , Circunferência da Cintura
5.
Int J Prev Med ; 3(2): 128-33, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22347610

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Considering the role of maternal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor blocking antibody (TRAb) in the etiology of congenital hypothyroidism (CH), this study aimed to determine TRAb among patients with CH in Isfahan, Iran. METHODS: In this case-control study, patients with CH and their mothers were compared with a group of healthy neonates and their mothers. Venous blood samples were obtained for measurement of TRAb using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method among mothers and their neonates. TSH of mothers was also determined. RESULTS: The case group consisted of 65 patients with CH and their mothers; controls were 148 healthy neonates and their mothers. The prevalence of positive TRAb in patients with CH and their mothers was higher than in the control group (81.5% vs. 1.3% in mothers and 80% vs. 0% in neonates, respectively, P<0.05). The relationship between the TRAb and occurrence of CH was significant (P<0.05), whereas the corresponding figure was not significant for TRAb and the level of maternal and neonatal TSH in case and control groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: It seems that autoimmunity has an important role in the etiology of CH. Further studies are necessary to determine other autoantibodies in CH patients.

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