Exacerbation of allopurinol-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms by teicoplanin: A case report.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening drug reaction. Allopurinol is one of the most frequently reported drugs accounting for DRESS syndrome development. In contrast to allopurinol, DRESS syndrome induced by teicoplanin has not been reported frequently. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 50-year-old woman was admitted to receive FLAG chemotherapy regimen (fludarabine, cytarabine (high-dose Ara-C), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) treatment. Allopurinol was initiated at a dose of 300 mg per day 48 hours before chemotherapy regimen initiation, for tumour lysis syndrome prophylaxis. Seven days after allopurinol initiation, the patient presented with fever, dyspnoea, shortening of breath, facial oedema, generalized pruritus, erythema and macular rash affecting the face, abdomen, trunk, upper and lower limbs and an elevation in hepatic enzymes. Allopurinol was immediately discontinued and intravenous hydrocortisone was started concomitantly alongside other supportive measures. About 72 hours later, pruritus, erythema and rash were ameliorated and abnormalities in liver tests were improved. Afterwards, teicoplanin administration led to severe deterioration of pruritus, erythema and rash; subsequently, serum alanine aminotransferase increased again and episodes of worsening dyspnea occurred. Signs of hypersensitivity reaction were reduced by discontinuation of teicoplanin and supportive care. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: We report a case of allopurinol-induced DRESS syndrome, which was exacerbated by administration of teicoplanin. It can be suggested that the administration of drugs with high possibility of hypersensitivity reactions should be avoided during the acute phase of DRESS syndrome.

Sorting of polypropylene resins by color in MSW using visible reflectance spectroscopy.

In this paper, an automated sorter is proposed for distinguishing polypropylene (PP) plastics based on their color. This sorting system uses visible (VIS) reflectance spectroscopy to separate PP resins according to their colors. A "Three-Filter" identification algorithm was developed to recognize the PP color (blue, red, green, white or yellow), and accordingly, give the command for throwing or not throwing PP to a series of electro pneumatic valves. The proposed sorting system was demonstrated to be fast and accurate, despite the presence of different labels and surface contamination on the PP resins.