Corrigendum: Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Lower Limbs of Late Onset Pompe Patients Correlates With Intramuscular Fat Fraction and Muscle Function Tests.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.634766.].

Magnetization Transfer Ratio in Lower Limbs of Late Onset Pompe Patients Correlates With Intramuscular Fat Fraction and Muscle Function Tests.

Objectives: Magnetization transfer (MT) imaging exploits the interaction between bulk water protons and protons contained in macromolecules to induce signal changes through a special radiofrequency pulse. MT detects muscle damage in patients with neuromuscular conditions, such as limb-girdle muscular dystrophies or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which are characterized by progressive fiber loss and replacement by fatty tissue. In Pompe disease, in which there is, in addition, an accumulation of glycogen inside the muscle fibers, MT has not been tested yet. Our aim is to estimate MT ratio (MTR) in the skeletal muscle of these patients and correlate it with intramuscular fat fraction (FF) and results of muscle function tests. Methods: We obtained two-point axial Dixon and Dixon-MT sequences of the right thigh on a 1.5 Teslas MRI scanner in 60 individuals, including 29 late onset Pompe disease patients, 2 patients with McArdle disease, and 29 age and sex matched healthy controls. FF and MTR were estimated. Muscle function using several muscle function tests, including quantification of muscle strength, timed test quality of life scales, conventional spirometry obtaining forced vital capacity while sitting and in the supine position, were assessed in all patients. Results: MTR was significantly lower in Pompe patients compared with controls (45.5 ± 8.5 vs. 51.7 ± 2.3, Student T-test, p < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the MTR and FF muscles studied (correlation coefficient: -0.65, Spearman test: p < 0.05). MTR correlated with most of the muscle function test results. We analyzed if there was any difference in MTR values between Pompe patients and healthy controls in those muscles that did not have an increase in fat, a measure that could be related to the presence of glycogen in skeletal muscles, but we did not identify significant differences except in the adductor magnus muscle (48.4 ± 3.6 in Pompe vs. 51 ± 1.3 in healthy controls, Student T-test = 0.023). Conclusions: MTR is a sensitive tool to identify muscle loss in patients with Pompe disease and shows a good correlation with muscle function tests. Therefore, the MT technique can be useful in monitoring muscle degeneration in Pompe disease in clinical trials or natural history studies.

Adherencia a terapia médica nutricional en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, de un hospital nacional de nivel III en Lima, Perú / Adherence to nutritional therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a level III national hospital in Lima, Peru

Objetivos: Determinar la adherencia a la terapia médica nutricional (TMN) en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en un hospital nacional de nivel III de Lima-Perú y explorar factores asociados. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en 163 pacientes con diagnóstico de DM2 del servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital Cayetano Heredia. Se utilizó un Cuestionario de Frecuencia de Alimentos (CFA). La valoración calórica y de macronutrientes fue realizada con valores de referencia del Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición (CENAN). Se definió adherencia al cumplimiento de recomendación de carbohidratos, fibra, lípidos y proteínas según la American Diabetes Association (ADA). Resultados: El promedio de edad fue 61,1 ± 10,3 años, con predominancia del sexo femenino (61,9%). El 40,5% tenía instrucción primaria. El 38% de los participantes tenía sobrepeso. El 35,6% de los encuestados fueron adherentes a TMN. El tiempo de enfermedad fue mayor en el grupo adherente (9,8 años vs 7,5 años; p=0,035); la frecuencia de pie diabético del grupo adherente fue tres veces mayor que en los no adherentes (12,1% vs 3,8%; p=0,04). Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran una baja adherencia a la TMN. Este estudio da acceso a una de las primeras aproximaciones de la adherencia a TMN en el Perú. (AU)

Objectives: To ascertain the adherence to nutritional therapy (NT) among type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in a level III national hospital in Lima, Peru and to explore factors associated with it. Methods: Cross-sectional study performed in 163 patients with DM2 at the Endocrinology service of Hospital Cayetano Heredia. A food frequency questionnaire was applied; caloric and macronutrient evaluation was performed with reference values from the Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición (CENAN). Adherence to recommendation for consumption of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids was evaluated based on recommendations by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Results: Mean age was 61.1 ± 10.3 years; 61.9% were females; 40.5% had elementary education; 38% had obesity. Only 35.6% adhered to NT. Time with DM2 was higher in the adherent group (9.8 vs. 7.5 years; p=0.035); frequency of diabetic foot was three times higher than that of non-adherent patients (12.1% vs 3.8%; p=0.04). Conclusions: This is the first attempt to evaluate adherence to NT in Peru showing low adherence rates. (AU)