Endoscopic transoral approach to accessory parotid gland.

Objective; Neoplasm of accessory parotid glands are very rare, accounting for only 1% to 7.7% of all parotid gland tumors. External appproaches including parotidectomy or facelift incision are the recommended treatment, allowing a good control over the anterior facial nerve's branches and Stensen's duct, but they require a large flap elevation and leave an external scar. METHODS: We report the case of a 76-year-old woman presented with a chief complaint of swelling in the right cheek. The patient underwent ultrasonography, FNAC and MRI which identified a subcutaneous mass over the anterior border of the masseter muscle. RESULTS: An endoscopic-assisted transoral resection was performed, no postoperative complications were recorded. Final histology was consistent with pleomorphic adenoma. CONCLUSION: In selected cases, the endoscope-assisted transoral approach allow accessory parotid mass excision with better cosmetic results if compared to the transcutaneous approach. Although not negligible, the risk of facial nerve injury is minimized under endoscopic magnification.

A case of cervical fasciitis complicated by mediastinitis and pre-peritoneal abscess: the role of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Cervical necrotizing fasciitis (CNF) is the name for a group of bacterial infections characterized by necrosis of the fascia and subcutaneous cellular tissue of the neck. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a well-known and feared complication of CNF that severely affects the prognosis. Abdominal involvement is rare. The mainstay of treatment is prompt and aggressive medical therapy and surgical debridement of all involved sites. The role of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in this setting, even if already reported in the literature, is not universally adopted. We present a case of CNF complicated by DNM and pre-peritoneal involvement, treated with open surgical drainage of the neck and video-assisted thoracoscopic debridement of the mediastinal space.

Open partial horizontal laryngectomy and adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: results from a multicenter Italian experience.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the functional and oncologic outcomes of adjuvant (chemo)radiation [(C)RT] after open partial horizontal laryngectomies (OPHLs). METHODS: Multicenter retrospective evaluation of 130 patients (116 males, 14 females) submitted between 1995 and 2017 to OPHL Types II and III for laryngeal cancer and receiving adjuvant (C)RT for one or more of the following risk factors at histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen: pT4a and/or > pN2a categories, close/positive resection margins, or presence of both perineural (PNI) and lympho-vascular invasion (LVI). The primary study endpoints were evaluation of the presence of tracheostomy and/or gastrostomy at last follow-up, and calculation of laryngo-esophageal dysfunction-free survival (LEDFS). RESULTS: Mean age of the study cohort was 60.8 ± 8.9 years (median, 62; interquartile range [IQR], 13). Mean follow-up was 50.7 ± 39.4 months (range 24-188; median, 38; IQR, 51). Adjuvant therapy consisted of CRT in 53 (41%) patients, and RT alone in 77 (59%). Five-year LEDFS was 85%. Overall survival was 71.5%, while 13% of patients remained tracheostomy- and 3% gastrostomy-dependent at the last follow-up. The only significant variable in predicting survival (p = 0.020) was tracheostomy dependence: it was maintained in 7.5% of subjects after OPHL Type II and in 34% of those submitted to OHPL Type III (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In selected patients affected by advanced laryngeal cancer, OPHLs Type II and III have a relatively good laryngeal safety profile and provide favorable oncologic outcomes even in case of need for adjuvant (C)RT.

Complications with Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing in 2,820 Examinations.

OBJECTIVE: To perform a retrospective evaluation of the incidence of complications and adverse events during fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) in 2,820 examinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Subjects included in- and outpatients at Pisa University Hospital referred for FEES by other physicians due to dysphagia symptoms. Neurologic diseases were the most commonly diagnosed conditions in the patients tested (48.3%). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. RESULTS: Our study showed minor side effects (discomfort, occasional gagging and vomiting) and a few complications [three cases of anterior epistaxis (0.1%), one case of posterior epistaxis (0.04%), three cases of vasovagal syncope (0.1%) and two cases of laryngospasm (0.07%)]. These cases of laryngospasm occurred in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spontaneously resolved after some difficulty. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms the published data regarding the safety of FEES and the incidence of complications with this procedure, but also highlights that in neurologic patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS, laryngospasm is more likely to occur as a severe complication. The overall risk of FEES is minimal, but it is recommended that clinicians be well trained in recognising the signs and symptoms of adverse reactions and be ready to take appropriate action if these occur.