Androidal fat dominates in predicting cardiometabolic risk in postmenopausal women.

We hypothesized that soy isoflavones would attenuate the anticipated increase in androidal fat mass in postmenopausal women during the 36-month treatment, and thereby favorably modify the circulating cardiometabolic risk factors: triacylglycerol, LDL-C, HDL-C, glucose, insulin, uric acid, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and homocysteine. We collected data on 224 healthy postmenopausal women at risk for osteoporosis (45.8-65 y, median BMI 24.5) who consumed placebo or soy isoflavones (80 or 120 mg/d) for 36 months and used longitudinal analysis to examine the contribution of isoflavone treatment, androidal fat mass, other biologic factors, and dietary quality to cardiometabolic outcomes. Except for homocysteine, each cardiometabolic outcome model was significant (overall P-values from ≤.0001 to .0028). Androidal fat mass was typically the strongest covariate in each model. Isoflavone treatment did not influence any of the outcomes. Thus, androidal fat mass, but not isoflavonetreatment, is likely to alter the cardiometabolic profile in healthy postmenopausal women.

[Adaptation to neuroleptic preparations and several ways of combatting it (experimental study)]. / Adaptatsiia k neirolepticheskim preparatam i nekotorye puti ee ustraneniia (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

To study the possible mechanisms of the formation of secondary therapeutic resistance, the author carried out a chronic experiment on animals which were administered different doses of a neuroleptic (haloperidol) for 20 days. The neuroleptic effect of the drug was shown to significantly decrease following prolonged administration. It was found that upon the first administration of haloperidol mice developed marked catalepsy 2 hours after administration. In conditions of a prolonged administration of the drug its cataleptogenic action was observed to diminish by the 20th day. Diminution of catalepsy was explained by a decrease of the blocking effect of the neuroleptic on the dopamine system. Change in the function of dopamine receptors (zigzag administration of haloperidol or administration of the drug simultaneously with apomorphine) was found to restore the cataleptogenic properties of the neuroleptic. The data obtained were used in the treatment of 47 patients with paranoid schizophrenia who developed resistance to pharmacotherapy.

[Effect of repeated haloperidol and apomorphine administration on the development of tolerance for catalepsy and dopamine receptor hypersensitivity in mice]. / Vliianie povtornogo vvedeniia galoperidola s apomorfinom na vyrabotku tolerantnosti k katalepsii i giperchuvstvitel'nosti dofaminovykh retseptorov u myshei.

It has been shown in experiments on mice that repeated administration of haloperidol (20 days) in doses of 0.1 and 5.0 mg/kg provoked an increase in the tolerance to the drug cataleptic effect. When administered in a higher dose (5.0 mg/kg), the drug increased 3H-spiroperidol binding with the striatal membranes 72 hours after withdrawal. Repeated administration of apomorphine in doses of 0.1 and 1 mg/kg combined with haloperidol antagonized the development of the tolerance and reduced the hypersensitivity of dopamine receptors, observed after withdrawal of haloperidol in a dose of 5.0 mg/kg. The low apomorphine dose also potentiated the haloperidol-induced catalepsy.