[Pathogenetic significance of hyperuricemia in the formation and development of pathological processes associated with metabolic syndrome].

This literature review allows to consider hyperuricemia as an important link in pathogenesis of cardiorenovascular pathologies, gout, diabetes, etc. The review contains detailed analysis of mechanisms of development of pathological processes caused by hyperuricemia, presentation of factors promoting elevation of uric acid level and description of direct effect of uric acid on organs and tissues.

[Contribution of common factors to the pathogenesis of maxillodental abnormalities in children]. / Rol' obshchikh faktorov v patogeneze razvitiia deformatsii zubocheliustnoi sistemy u detei.

Results of complex investigation of 64 children with dento-maxillary deformations are presented. Anamnestic data of mothers and children were analyzed. Examinations by different specialists--pediatrician, orthopedician, nephrologist revealed latent and severe diseases and functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, central and autonomic nervous system, kidneys causing metabolic disorders particularly mineral metabolism disturbances. The authors suggest joining all the deformations in a group of "dismetabolic" ones and to develop methods of treatment in collaboration with different specialists.

[Lysosomal enzymes of the liver and kidney in unspecific purulent kidney disease]. / Sostoianie lizosomal'nykh fermentov pecheni i pochek pri nespetsificheskom gnoinom porazhenii pochek.

Unspecific inflammatory lesions of the urinary tract are known to be a vital question in urology and nephrology of our country and in foreign ones. Used in experiments were rats of mixed population. Lysosomal enzymes were studied in homogenates of the liver and contralateral kidney tissues and in the blood serum as well 1, 3, 6 days after simulation of the pathology experimental model. Activities were measured of such lysosomal enzymes as acid DNA-ase and RNA-ase, cathepsin, and acid phosphatase. Results of the studies made showed that in unspecific purulent affection of the kidneys there occurs an activation of acid blood hydrolases followed by their activation in the liver. The contralateral kidney, because of it being linked in functioning with the liver, remains relatively "inert" with respect to activation of lysosomal enzymes.

[Effect of tocopherol acetate, indomethacin and dexamethasone on some indices of local lung defense in rheumatoid arthritis]. / Vliianie tokoferola atsetata, indometatsina i deksametazona na nekotorye pokazateli mestnoi zashchity legkikh pri revmatoidnom artrite.

Marked disorders in the system of local lung defence are noted in experimental rheumatoid arthritis. In such a setting non-unidirectional shifts occur in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of cellular factors for the local pulmonary defensive system, characterized by discordant changes in the indicators of alveolar macrophages and segmented neutrophiles. There occur apparent disturbances in the functional activity of alveolar macrophages manifested by changes both in their phagocytary and metabolic activity and by depression of humoral mechanisms in the local pulmonary defensive system. The use of indomethacin, dexamethasone and vitamin E in an experimental rheumatoid arthritis setting favors positive shifts in indices for humoral and cellular links of the local pulmonary defensive system. Effects of vitamin E on indices for cellular and humoral links of the local pulmonary defensive system are more manifest as compared to those of indomethacin and dexamethasone.

[Evaluation of maxillodental status of children with gastrointestinal diseases]. / Otsenka sostoianiia zubocheliustnoi sistemy u detei s patologiei zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta.

One hundred and thirty three children aged 1 to 15 years with gastrointestinal diseases were studied. The authors found changes of the dentomaxillary system condition in all the patients. The changes were more frequently observed in gall bladder diseases and chronic hepatitis. In under 7 year old children pathologic changes in the hard dental tissues predominated, while at the age of 7 to 11 years deformation of the jaws did. The severity of pathological changes of the dentomaxillary system depended on the duration of gastrointestinal diseases. One to eleven year old children may be assigned to the risk group for the development of jaw deformations. Deformations were more pronounced in subjects with physical development retardation.

[Correlation of fluctuations in the activity of the rat monooxygenase system with dynamics of tidal gravitational changes]. / O korreliatsii fluktuatsii aktivnosti monooksigenaznoi sistemy krys s dinamikoi prilivnykh izmenenii sily tiazhesti.

Semi-annual changes in monthly average levels of functioning of the rat liver monooxygenase system in norm (the amidopyrine test) were found. It was shown that there are inverse linear correlations between the level of demethylation and acetylation of amidopyrine and the semi-annual periodicity of average monthly data on the acceleration of tide changes in gravity.

[Physico-chemical properties of pulmonary surfactant after gastrectomy and cholecystectomy]. / Fiziko-khimicheskie svoistva surfaktanta legkikh posle rezektsii zheludka i kholetsistéktomii.

The frequency of broncho-pulmonary complication after the surgery in the organs of upper part of the abdominal cavity does not decrease, although the technique of operation and methods of anaesthesia have been improved. Disorders in the functioning of the surfactant systems of the lungs are evident in patients with chronic gastric and duodenal ulcers and calculous cholecystitis. Surgical intervention and anaesthesiologic measures promote further disturbance of the functional activity of lung surfactants. The most pronounced disorders in the functioning of the surfactant systems of the lungs were observed in patients with the broncho-pulmonary complications, commonly on the third day after the operation. This condition, is one of the main pathogenic causes of the manifestation of broncho-pulmonary complications in the post-operative period.

[A comparative study of the antenatal action of inducers of the mono-oxygenase system and of dexamethasone on the body indices of full-term newborn rat pups]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie antenatal'nogo deistviia induktorov monooksigenaznoi sistemy i deksametazona na nekotorye pokazateli organizma donoshennykh novorozhdennykh krysiat.

Experiments on newborn rats demonstrated that hepatic monooxygenase system inductors, such as phenobarbital, benzonal, zixorin, increased their body weight, absolute and relative mass of newborn lungs when applied antenatally in contrast to dexamethasone which decreased the above parameters. The inductors increased pulmonary and hepatic phospholipid levels, which suggests that they are superior to dexamethasone in this respect.

[The effect of alpha-tocopherol and nicotinamide on lipid peroxidation and the activity of the antioxidant system in the lung tissue of premature rat pups]. / Vliianie al'fa-tokoferola i nikotinamida na perekisnoe okislenie lipidov i aktivnost' antioksidantnoi sistemy v legochnoi tkani nedonoshennykh krysiat.

The antenatal use of nicotinamide and especially alpha-tocopherol in the experiments with premature newborn rats caused a significant decrease in the rate of lipid peroxidation and an increase in catalase activity both in the maternal body and in fetal lung tissue. It is suggested that the drugs can be used to prevent the development of membrane-destructive processes in the fetal and neonatal lung.

[The effect of phytin, benzonal and their combination administered prophylactically on the pharmacodynamics of drugs metabolized in the liver in hypokinesia]. / Vliianie fitina, benzonala i ikh kombinatsii pri profilakticheskom vvedenii na farmakodinamiku lekarstvennykh veshchestv, metaboliziruiushchikhsia v pecheni pri gipokinezii.

Hexenal, meprobamate, amidopyrine and ethylmorphine produced a significantly marked effect in animals under hypokinesia as compared with normal rats. When phytin, benzonal and their combination were used for preventive purposes, impaired pharmacodynamics of the tested drugs metabolizing in the liver disappeared. The investigations demonstrated that the preventive use of phytin in combination with benzonal is the most optimal in correcting the impairments of drug pharmacodynamics in hypokinesia.

[Functional state of the hepatocyte cytoplasmic network in rats with thermal burns]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie tsitoplazmaticheskoi seti gepatotsitov u krys s termicheskim ozhogom.

Intensity of xenobiotic biotransformation estimated by means of "hexenal" test as well as enzymatic activity in liver microsomes were studied in rats with burns corresponding to impairment of 3%, 10% and 20% of body surface within 1 hr, 1, 3, 6 and 15 days. Soporific effect of hexenal was distinctly increased in the burns, which correlated to the severity of thermic impairment. Activities of amidopyrine-N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase as well as content of protein, cytochromes P450 and b5 were decreased in liver microsomes. At the same time, lipid peroxidation was activated in microsomes, content of diene conjugates and diene ketones was increased in blood serum and in liver postmitochondrial fraction of experimental animals. Disfunction of hepatocyte cytoplasmic structures appears to be among the factors responsible for a body intoxication in burns.