[CLINICAL CASE OF TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS INVASION OF THE PREGNANT WOMAN AND HER NEWBORN GIRL].

Objective - study of the features of Trichomonas vaginalis invasion in pregnant women and newborns. The cultures of Trichomonas isolated from a pregnant woman, her newborn girl, as well as amniotic fluid were examined. The ultrastructure of the cells was studied using a TEM-125K microscope equipped with a SAI-01A system (SELMI), using a DX 2 CCD camera and the KAPPA software package. The verification of STI pathogens was carried out by PCR, in particular, Trichomonas tenax and Pentatrichomonas hominis were identified by experimental original primers that were developed using real-time PCR (PCR-RT). The invasion of Trichomonas vaginalis of the genital tract of a newborn girl, amniotic fluid and amniotic membrane is characterized clinically and instrumentally. We proved the possibility of Trichomonas vaginalis invasion of newborn children not only during the passage of the child through the infected birth canal, but also due to a defect in the fetal membranes with the development of chorioamnionitis, followed by infection of the amniotic fluid and possible infection of the fetus.

The evolution of sexually transmitted infections in the Ukraine.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate trends in the national and regional reporting of syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia, genital herpes, trichomoniasis, and HIV in Ukraine. METHODS: Annual notification rates of infection per 10(5) population in three regions of Ukraine--Donetsk, Mikolaiv, Chernivtsi--and also among children, adolescents, and pregnant women were used as indicators for the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the Ukraine from 1994 to 2000. The estimates were based on a review of medical literature, reported data from STD clinics, and local epidemiological surveys. An analysis of the trends was made. RESULTS: The notification rate of trichomoniasis rose from 284.3 in 1997 to 330.8 in 2000. The same for syphilis was 68.7 per 100,000 population in 1994 peaked in 1996 with 150.9 falling to 91.5 in 2000. The reported incidence of gonorrhoea has been falling recently to 52.7/10(5) in 2000 (a 104.6% decrease since 1994). Chlamydia notification rates, however, rose 2.4-fold between 1995 and 2000 (16.1/10(5) to 54.2/10(5)). In the same period there was a 218% increase the reported incidence of genital herpes. STIs are more common in the eastern industrial regions. In the period 1994-7 there was a dramatic 179-fold increase in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS which has plateaued in subsequent years. By January 2001 a total of 36,600 cases of HIV infection (including 2040 people with AIDS) have been reported. The proportion of HIV acquired through injecting drug use is falling (72.7% in 1997 to 54.2% in 2000) in relation to that acquired through sexual contact. CONCLUSIONS: STIs and HIV are a common cause of morbidity in Ukraine.

Clinical and epidemiological features of syphilis in pregnant women: the course and outcome of pregnancy.

Clinical and epidemiological features of syphilis and the course and outcome of pregnancy were studied in 155 pregnant women infected with syphilis; 95 (61%) women were unemployed, 47% were unmarried. Syphilis proceeded without clinical manifestations in 121 cases (78%). Discordant results of complement fixation (Wassermann) test, precipitation test, Treponema pallidum immobilization test, and fluorescent antibody test were observed in 22 (14%) of the women. Pregnancy pathology was observed in 75 cases (48.8%) and more often appeared as anemia in 49 (31.5%), stillborn in 46 (29.8%) and toxicosis in 44 (28.4%). Fetal ultrasonic stigmas of infection were evident in 23 cases (49%). There was distension of the brain ventricle system and hepatomegaly each in 1 case (2%), transvascular infiltration of liver in 2 cases (4%), dilation of intestinal loops, gastromegaly, ventriculomegaly and petrifaction in lungs each in 1 case; ultrasonic changes in vessels of organs: of the liver in 4 cases (8%), intestines and stomach in 16 cases (32%), lungs in 4 cases (8%), kidneys in 10 cases (21%) and of the ventricular system in 9 cases (19%). Fetus development retardation was revealed in 3 cases (6%), fetal hypoxia in 1 (2%), hypohydrosis in 2 (4%) and hydropsy in 1 case (2%). The pregnancy pathology in women with syphilis was considered not pathognomonic.

[The pathogenesis of early syphilis with concomitant chlamydiosis]. / Patogenez rannego sifilisa pri soputstvuiushchem khlamidioze.

Migration of Treponema pallidum through the basal membrane to upper layers of the epidermis and destruction of the intercellular junctions (desmosomes) were revealed with the help of electron microscopy of syphilitic chancres. Active phagocytosis of the treponemas by the intraepidermal macrophages (Langerhans cells) and by epidermocytes was shown. Necrosis and apoptosis of the immune cells, basophilic leukocytes degranulation and formation of the cellular symplasts with 3 to 5 lymphocytes were observed more frequently in the case of concomitant Chlamydia trachomatis infection. More vigorous response of the cells of derma on T. pallidum was characteristic of mixed infection (syphilis + chlamydiosis), but elimination of treponemas was not complete.

[An electron microscopic study of the interaction of Chlamydia trachomatis with human spermatozoa]. / Elektronnomikroskopicheskoe issledovanie vzaimodeistvie Chlamydia trachomatis so spermatozoonami cheloveka.

Interaction between Chlamydia trachomatis BU-34 strain, L2 serovar and human spermatozoa in vitro was studied by electron microscopy. Firm adherence of chlamydia to spermatozoa was established. The adherence took place to the head, neck, and proximal part of tail. Compact attachment of chlamydia of acrosome may induce morphological changes in the acrosome. It was shown that elementary bodies of C. trachomatis can partially penetrate to the cytoplasm of spermatozoa in the sites of their outer membrane impairment.

[Comparative characteristics of methods for the immunoenzyme determination of summary immunoglobulins]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika nekotorykh metodov immunofermentnogo opredeleniia summarnykh immunoglobulinov.

Two modifications of ELISA for summary immunoglobulin determination (with and without the use of the antibody-enzyme conjugate) are described with special attention to their sensitivity, reproducibility and the influence of different conditions on assay characteristics. The sensitivity of the assay carried out with the use of the conjugate lies in the nanogram range of concentration. The modification of the assay, not requiring the use and, therefore, the synthesis of the conjugate, may be used with antisera of different specificity.