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1.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses ; 21(7): 649-53, 2005 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16060836

RESUMO

Most human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission in developing countries occurs through heterosexual intercourse or during birth from mother to child. It is critical to characterize the virus of the genital tract variants as a target for the development of an HIV-1 vaccine and microbicidal therapies. We compared the C2V3 env domain genetic diversity of HIV-1 in female genital secretions and in plasma from Ethiopian women seeking care for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Sequences within an individual differed between the plasma and cervicovaginal lavage (CLV) compartments with nucleotide and amino acid median difference values of 8.3 and 4.8%, respectively. Sequence diversity in CVL was greater than in plasma. And the V3 loop positive charge was often more elevated in CVL. These are markers of the differential evolution of the viruses in CVL and peripheral blood indicating that limited evolution at the site of contact is not the limiting factor determining the preferential transmission of macrophage tropic viruses.


Assuntos
Colo do Útero/virologia , Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-1/genética , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/terapia , Vagina/virologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Etiópia , Feminino , Proteína gp120 do Envelope de HIV/química , Infecções por HIV/sangue , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/química , RNA Viral/análise , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/sangue , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/virologia , Irrigação Terapêutica
2.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr ; 31(1): 56-62, 2002 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12352151

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We have previously suggested that helminthic infections make the host more susceptible to HIV infection and enhance its progression due to the chronic immune activation they cause. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of antihelminthic treatment on HIV plasma viral load (VL) in HIV- and helminth-infected individuals living in Ethiopia. METHODS: Fifty-six clinically asymptomatic HIV-1-infected individuals, 31 (55%) of whom were also infected with helminths, were studied. All participants received antihelminthic treatment at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. Worm egg excretion, HIV plasma VL, and T-cell subsets were determined at baseline and 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: The mean age, number of CD4 T cells, and gender distribution were similar in the helminth-infected and -noninfected groups. At baseline, HIV plasma VL was strongly correlated to the number of eggs excreted (p <.001) and was higher in individuals infected with more than one helminth (5.28 +/- 0.35 versus 4.30 +/- 1.13 log RNA copies/mL, respectively; p =.16). After treatment of helminths, the 6-month change in HIV plasma VL was significantly different between the successfully treated group and the persistently helminth-positive group (p =.04) CONCLUSIONS: Helminth "load" is correlated to HIV plasma VL, and successful deworming is associated with a significant decrease in HIV plasma VL. The results of the current study, if confirmed in a larger study, may have important implications for slowing disease progression and reducing risks of transmission.


Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/parasitologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/virologia , HIV-1 , Helmintíase/virologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/virologia , RNA Viral/sangue , Carga Viral , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/imunologia , Adulto , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Feminino , Helmintíase/tratamento farmacológico , Helmintíase/imunologia , Humanos , Enteropatias Parasitárias/tratamento farmacológico , Enteropatias Parasitárias/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
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