Profiles of clients in government-funded drug user treatment settings.

This report describes profiles of 535 clients who participated in a federally-funded drug user treatment research demonstration program in Washington, D.C. The majority of clients were African-Americans (92%) and single (60%). These profiles were created to determine which types of clients were enrolled in which modalities and whether there were differences between clients placed in outpatient or residential programs after stratification by primary drug problem: heroin or cocaine. Localities which are involved in developing client placement criteria and/or managed care guidelines for treatment programs may find these profiles helpful in planning to address the multiple needs of drug users.

Psychosocial treatments for cocaine abuse. 12-month treatment outcomes.

The 12-month posttreatment outcome results for a randomized clinical trial that tested the effectiveness of various combinations of 4-month psychosocial treatment interventions are reported for 184 clients who used cocaine. Clients primarily used crack (93%), and the majority were African American (95%). Overall, clients exhibited substantial pre-post treatment gains: reduced regular cocaine use, reduced other drug use, reduced regular alcohol use, and reduced involvement in illegal activities. Logistic regression models produced significant odds ratios showing that those who used cocaine regularly during the year after treatment were more likely to have attended fewer treatment sessions, to be female, to be less educated, to have been regular cocaine users prior to treatment, and to have spent fewer days incarcerated during the 12-months after treatment. It was concluded that treatment positively impacted posttreatment gains, and it was suggested that selective tailoring of additional treatment services may produce additional treatment gains.