RESUMO
In a randomized, controlled study of ribavirin aerosol treatment of influenza A(H1N1) virus infection among college students, treated patients had a significantly shorter duration of fever than control patients. There was a trend of more rapid recovery in treated patients. Virus shedding was similar in treated and control patients, declining gradually from a 50% tissue culture infective dose of 3.5 log10 per ml at admission to 1.8 log10 per ml at 53 h after admission. There was no local or systemic intolerance and no hematological or biochemical abnormalities associated with ribavirin treatment.
Assuntos
Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Ribavirina/uso terapêutico , Ribonucleosídeos/uso terapêutico , Aerossóis , Testes de Inibição da Hemaglutinação , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , Vírus da Influenza A/efeitos dos fármacos , Influenza Humana/microbiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Ribavirina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
In a double-blind study, bronchiolitis associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 12 randomly selected patients treated with ribavirin aerosol improved more rapidly than in 14 control patients given saline aerosol (P = .044, Wilcoxon rank sum test, two-tailed). An estimated 10 mg of ribavirin per kilogram of body weight was administered in daily 12-hour treatments over a five-day period. Respiratory syncytial virus disappeared from secretions at about the same rate in treated and control patients. There was no local or systemic intolerance, and there was no evidence of hematologic or other organ toxicity in the ribavirin-treated patients.
Assuntos
Bronquiolite Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Respirovirus/complicações , Ribavirina/administração & dosagem , Ribonucleosídeos/administração & dosagem , Aerossóis , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Nariz/microbiologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Vírus Sinciciais Respiratórios/imunologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
In a randomized, controlled study, ribavirin small-particle aerosol was found to be effective in the treatment of influenza B virus infection in a group of college students. Eleven treated patients experienced significantly more rapid defervescence, disappearance of systemic illness, and reduction of virus shedding in nasal secretions than ten control patients treated with a saline aerosol. Antibody response to infection was similar in both groups. The treatment was well tolerated, and hematologic and clinical chemical tests demonstrated no toxicity. The estimated dose of ribavirin aerosol retained was about 2 g in 39 hours of treatment during the first 60 hours in the hospital.
Assuntos
Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Ribavirina/uso terapêutico , Ribonucleosídeos/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Aerossóis , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mucosa Nasal/microbiologia , Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia , Orthomyxoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Distribuição Aleatória , Ribavirina/administração & dosagem , Cloreto de Sódio/administração & dosagemRESUMO
In a randomized, controlled study, ribavirin small particle aerosol was found to be effective in the treatment of influenza B virus infection in a group of college students. Eleven treated patients experienced significantly more rapid defervescence, disappearance of systemic illness, and reduction of virus shedding in nasal secretions than 10 control patients treated with a saline aerosol. Antibody response to infection was similar in both groups. The treatment was well tolerated and hematologic and clinical chemical tests revealed no toxicity. The estimated dose of ribavirin aerosol retained was about 2 g in 35.5 hr of treatment during the first 60 hr in the hospital.
Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza B , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Ribavirina/uso terapêutico , Ribonucleosídeos/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Aerossóis , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Temperatura Corporal , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza B/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza B/isolamento & purificação , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/microbiologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ribavirina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
We investigated the in vitro effects of amosite asbestos on immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion by human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (MNL). Concentrations of 100 to 300 micrograms/ml of amosite asbestos reduced the number of Ig-secreting cells recovered from 6-day cultures of unstimulated MNL or MNL stimulated with Epstein Barr virus. By contrast, the Ig secretory response to pokeweed mitogen was enhanced by 10 to 100 micrograms/ml concentrations of amosite asbestos; however, amosite asbestos no longer enhanced the response to pokeweed mitogen when MNL were first partially depleted of monocytes (to less than 2%) esterase-positive cells remaining). These results indicate that amosite asbestos has multiple effects on the cells involved in Ig secretion: 1) amosite asbestos inhibits unstimulated B cell function; 2) amosite asbestos inhibits the function of B cells stimulated with the direct B cell activator Epstein Barr virus; and 3) amosite asbestos may alter regulator monocyte function allowing enhanced Ig secretion in the presence of monocyte-dependent B cell triggers such as pokeweed mitogen.
Assuntos
Amianto/efeitos adversos , Asbestose/imunologia , Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Produtoras de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Amianto Amosita , Asbestose/etiologia , Linfócitos B/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Separação Celular , Herpesvirus Humano 4/imunologia , Humanos , Ativação Linfocitária/efeitos dos fármacos , Monócitos/imunologia , Mitógenos de Phytolacca americana/farmacologiaRESUMO
In an outbreak of influenza virus A/England/333/80(H1N1) infections in college students, 14 randomly selected patients were treated by inhalation of ribavirin small-particle aerosol through a face mask. They retained an average estimated 1.15 g of drug in 23 h of treatment given over 3 days. 17 patients served as controls. Ribavirin aerosol treatment had a therapeutic effect judged by the highly significant reduction in height and duration of fever, reduction in systemic illness, and disappearance of influenza virus from respiratory secretions. 1 additional patient with influenzal pneumonia caused by a strain of influenza virus A/Bangkok/79(H3N2) recovered promptly with ribavirin aerosol treatment.
