RESUMO
In spring-type oat ( Avena sativa L.), quantitative trait loci (QTLs) detected in adapted populations may have the greatest potential for improving germplasm via marker-assisted selection. An F(6) recombinant inbred (RI) population was developed from a cross between two Canadian spring oat varieties: 'Terra', a hulless line, and 'Marion', an elite covered-seeded line. A molecular linkage map was generated using 430 AFLP, RFLP, RAPD, SCAR, and phenotypic markers scored on 101 RI lines. This map was refined by selecting a robust set of 124 framework markers that mapped to 35 linkage groups and contained 35 unlinked loci. One hundred one lines grown in up to 13 field environments in Canada and the United States between 1992 and 1997 were evaluated for 16 agronomic, kernel, and chemical composition traits. QTLs were localized using three detection methods with an experiment-wide error rate of approximately 0.05 for each trait. In total, 34 main-effect QTLs affecting the following traits were identified: heading date, plant height, lodging, visual score, grain yield, kernel weight, milling yield, test weight, thin and plump kernels, groat beta-glucan concentration, oil concentration, and protein. Several of these correspond to QTLs in homologous or homoeologous regions reported in other oat QTL studies. Twenty-four QTL-by-environment interactions and three epistatic interactions were also detected. The locus controlling the covered/hulless character ( N1) affected most of the traits measured in this study. Additive QTL models with N1 as a covariate were superior to models based on separate covered and hulless sub-populations. This approach is recommended for other populations segregating for major genes. Marker-trait associations identified in this study have considerable potential for use in marker-assisted selection strategies to improve traits within spring oat breeding programs.
Assuntos
Avena/genética , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Meio Ambiente , Fenótipo , Locos de Características Quantitativas/genética , Agricultura/métodos , Canadá , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Modelos Lineares , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Modelos Genéticos , Poliploidia , Software , Alelos , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Plantas/genéticaRESUMO
A regional information service on surgical equipment, instruments, and dressings is proposed that would be staffed by information scientists. It would appreciably reduce the time spent on administration and make the buying of equipment more efficient. Such a service could be extended to all health service staff.
