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1.
Child Dev ; 91(5): 1681-1697, 2020 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32232849

RESUMO

Emotional maltreatment is a risk factor for adolescent depression. Yet, it remains unclear whether commissions and omissions of emotional maltreatment (a) confer vulnerability via distinct mechanisms and (b) demonstrate similar risk across adolescent subpopulations. The present, multiwave study examined whether school engagement and peer relationships explain the depressive effects of distinct emotional maltreatment subtypes in an at-risk child welfare sample (N = 657; ages 11-14, AgeMean  = 12.49). The findings indicated that commission subtypes of emotional maltreatment predicted increasing depressive symptoms via increasing peer relationship problems, especially for girls. Meanwhile, decreasing school engagement was a depressogenic risk pathway for Hispanic adolescents reporting omission subtypes of emotional maltreatment. The results emphasize the importance of distinguish between emotional maltreatment subtypes to identify specific risk pathways for adolescent depression.


Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Abuso Emocional/psicologia , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Grupo Associado , Psicologia do Adolescente , Fatores de Risco
2.
Psychol Trauma ; 11(7): 704-712, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30589315

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Maltreatment exposure is a robust predictor of adolescent depression. Yet despite this well-documented association, few studies have simultaneously examined how maltreatment subtypes relate to qualitatively distinct depressive symptoms. The present multiwave longitudinal study addressed this gap in the literature by examining how different maltreatment subtypes independently impact depressed mood and anhedonia over time in a diverse adolescent sample. METHOD: Adolescents (N = 673, Mage = 14.83, SDage = 0.66, 57.1% female, 32.8% Hispanic, 30.4% Caucasian, 25.0% African American) completed self-report inventories for child-maltreatment and annual self-report measures of depressed mood and anhedonia over the course of 6 years. We used latent-growth-curve modeling to test how maltreatment exposure predicted anhedonia and depressed mood, and whether these relations differed as a function of sex and/or race/ethnicity. RESULTS: Overall, both emotional abuse (p < .001) and neglect (p = .002) predicted levels of depressed mood over time, whereas only emotional neglect predicted levels (p < .001) and trajectories (p = .001) of anhedonia. Physical and sexual abuse did not predict depressive symptoms after accounting for emotional abuse and neglect (ns). These findings were largely invariant across sex and race. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that the consequences of emotional neglect may be especially problematic in adolescence because of its impact on both depressed mood and anhedonia, and that emotional abuse's association with depression is best explained via symptoms of depressed mood. These findings are congruent with recent findings that more "silent types" of maltreatment uniquely predict depression, and that abuse and neglect experiences confer distinct profiles of risk for psychological distress. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Sintomas Afetivos/fisiopatologia , Anedonia/fisiologia , Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Depressão/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Sintomas Afetivos/etiologia , Depressão/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
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