Evaluation of the antiedematogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) bark extract in experimental models of inflammation.

Edema is one of the obvious indicators of inflammation and a crucial factor to take into account when assessing a substance's capacity to reduce inflammation. We aimed to evaluate the antiedematogenic and anti-inflammatory profile of the hydroethanolic barks extract of Ximenia americana (HEXA). The possible antiedematogenic and anti-inflammatory effect of EHXA (50, 100 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg v.o) was evaluated using the paw edema induced by carrageenan, zymosan, dextran, CFA and by different agents inflammatory (serotonin, histamine, arachidonic acid and PGE2), and pleurisy model induced by carrageenan and its action on IL-1ß and TNF-α levels was also evaluated. HEXA demonstrated a significant antiedematogenic effect at concentrations of 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg on paw edema induced by carrageenan, zymosan and dextran. However, the concentration of 50 mg/kg as standard, demonstrating the effect in the subchronic model, induced CFA with inhibition of 59.06 %. In models of histamine-induced paw edema, HEXA showed inhibition of - 30 min: 40.49 %, 60 min: 44.70 % and 90 min: 48.98 %; serotonin inhibition - 30 min: 57.09 %, 60 min: 66.04 % and 90 min: 61.79 %; arachidonic acid inhibition - 15 min: 36.54 %, 30 min: 51.10 %, 45 min: 50.32 % and 60 min: 76.17 %; and PGE2 inhibition - 15 min: 67.78 %, 30 min: 62.30 %, 45 min: 54.25 % and 60 min: 47.92 %. HEXA significantly reduced (p < 0.01) leukocyte migration in the pleurisy model and reduced TNF-α and IL-1ß levels in pleural lavage (p < 0.0001). The results showed that HEXA has the potential to have an antiedematogenic impact in both acute and chronic inflammation processes, with a putative mode of action including the suppression or regulation of inflammatory mediators.

Evaluation of the Fluorescence of Composite Resins Under an Ultraviolet Light Source / Evaluación de la Fluorescencia de Resinas Compuestas Bajo una Fuente de Luz Ultravioleta

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research is to compare the fluorescence of different trademarks of composite resins under ultraviolet light, indicating through the optical characteristics the restorative materials that best mimic the properties of dental fluorescence. In this study, nine composite resin trademarks of EA2 color were evaluated, and ten test samples were prepared for each material, totalizing ninety specimens. The specimens were produced from a bipartite aluminium matrix (10x2 mm), and then stored for 24 h in tubes of radiographic films, immersed in distilled water and after 48 h it were polished. A blind-type study (four evaluators) was used and the samples were analyzed in a dark wooden chamber where it was coupled two black lamps. In the data collection phase, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, ANOVA and Post Hoc of Tukey were used (adopting a significance level of 0.05). It was noted that the composite resin of the trademark Ultrafill was more fluorescent and Luna was statistically less fluorescent than all other materials, while Opallis and Tetric were superior to Glacier. There was no significant statistical difference among the composite resins Premissa, Point 4, Llis and Premium.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de esta investigación es comparar la fluorescencia de diferentes marcas registradas de resinas compuestas bajo luz ultravioleta, indicando a través de las características ópticas los materiales de restauración que mejor imitan las propiedades de la fluorescencia dental. En este estudio, se evaluaron nueve marcas registradas de resina de color EA2, y se prepararon diez muestras de prueba para cada material, totalizando noventa especímenes. Las muestras se produjeron a partir de una matriz de aluminio bipartita (10x2 mm), y luego se almacenaron durante 24 h en tubos de películas radiográficas, se sumergieron en agua destilada y después de 48 h se pulieron. Se utilizó un estudio de tipo ciego (cuatro evaluadores) y las muestras se analizaron en una cámara de madera oscura donde se acoplaron dos lámparas negras. En la fase de recolección de datos, se utilizaron las pruebas de normalidad KolmogorovSmirnov, ANOVA y Post Hoc de Tukey (adoptaron un nivel de significancia de 0,05). Se observó que la resina compuesta de la marca registrada Ultrafill era más fluorescente y la marca Luna fue estadísticamente menos fluorescente que todos los demás materiales, mientras que Opallis y Tetric eran superiores a Glacier. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las resinas compuestas Premissa, Point 4, Llis y Premium.

Rehabilitación estética por medio de facetas directas-presentación de casos clínicos / Aesthetic rehabilitation through direct facets - report of cases

En la actualidad, la sociedad prácticamente exige una uniformidad de las características relacionadas con la apariencia física de las personas, lo que hace aumentar la búsqueda por los tratamientos que proporcionen un aspecto más agradable, vinculado a técnicas eficientes y seguras. Las alteraciones dentarias de color, de forma, textura y/o posición contribuyen de modo desfavorable, principalmente en los dientes anteriores, para una armonía facial. El uso de las facetas estéticas, directamente en la boca, es cada vez más enfatizado debido a evolución de los materiales restauradores y de la técnica adhesiva, ofreciendo una mejor relación costo/beneficio para el paciente. El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar casos clínicos en los cuales el tratamiento con facetas directas es una alternativa de tratamiento eficaz, reversible y de fácil realización.

At present, society practically demands uniformity of features in relation to physical appearance, resulting in an increasing number of persons seeking treatment that will provide them with a more pleasant visual appearance, linked to efficient and safe techniques. Alterations in tooth shade, shape, texture and/or position, particularly of anterior teeth, contribute unfavorably to facial harmony. Aesthetic facets placed directly in the mouth have been increasingly emphasized, due to the development of restorative materials and adhesive techniques, offering the patient an even better cost/benefit ratio. The aim of this article is to present clinical cases in which the direct facet was shown to be an efficient, reversible and easy to perform alternative treatment.

Avaliação da rugosidade superficial de resinas compostas / Evaluation of surface roughness of composite resins

Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito do acabamento e polimento sobre a rugosidade de três resinas: a Esthet X (Dentsply), Filtek A-110 (3M ESPE) e Herculite XRV (Kerr). Material e Métodos: Para cada grupo foram produzidos dez espécimes, com auxílio de uma matriz circular e submetidos à avaliação da rugosidade através do aparelho surscorber SE1700 (surface roughness mensuring instrument) antes e depois de receber o acabamento e polimento final. As amostras foram analisadas por um único examinador que procurou obter o registro o mais próximo do centro de cada uma delas. o aparelho teve um traçado de 2mm e a velocidade de 0,1mm por segundo. Para cada amostra, foram obtidas três medidas e a média calculada. Em seguida as mesmas amostras foram polidas com o auxílio de discos Soft-lex (3M ESPE) fino e extra fino por 15 segundos cada, sendo trocados a cada 5 amostras. Resultados: Através da análise estatística pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis, obteve-se diferença estatística entre as três resinas após polimento. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram que a resina Esthet-X (Dentsply) apresentou melhor acabamento e polimento, seguindo da Filtek A110 (3M ESPE), enquanto que a resina Herculite XRV foi a que apresentou maior rugosidade final.

Objective: To Evaluate of effects of finishing and polishing on the surface roughness of the following composites - Esthet X (Dentsply) Filtek A-110 (3M ESPE) and Herculite XRV (Kerr). Material and Methods: For each group, ten especimens were produced, with the aid of a circular matrix, and submited to roughness evaluation through a surface roughness measuring instrument - Surscorber SE1700 - before and after the final finishing and polishing. The samples were analyzed by a single examiner who aimed at obtaining the closest register to the intersection of lines derived from measurements done in three different planes (vertical, horizontal and diagonal). The instrument had a trace of 2mm and a velocity of 0.1 mm/s. For each sample, three measurements were obtained and the average was calculated. Then, the same samples were polished during 15 seconds with fine and extra-fine Soft-lex (3M ESPE) disks, wich were substituted after every 5th sample. Results: Through statistical analysis by the Kruskal-Waliis test, a statistical difference was achieved among the three resins after polishing. Conclusion: The results demontrated that the best finishing and polishing were provided by the Esthet-X resin (Dentsply), followed by filtek A110 (3M ESPE and Herculite XRV, respectively.

Guia de silicona: uma alternativa viável na restauração de dentes anteriores fraturados / Silicone guide: a viable alternative to restore anterior fractured teeth

O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar, através da demonstração de um caso clínico, a viabilidade, simplicidade e precisão da técnica de guia de silicona na restauração de dentes anteriores fraturados, em situações em que a colagem de fragmento dental não é possível e a exigência estética é imperativa, sendo seu emprego recomendável para pacientes pediátricos. No caso descrito, um paciente de 12 anos de idade, sexo masculino, apresentava fratura horizontal, ao nível do terço médio, causada por traumatismo. Por causa da natureza policromática do elemento dental fraturado, o uso da guia de silicona facilitou a utilização de resinas compostas com diferentes tonalidades para dentina e esmalte, o que viabilizou a obtenção de um padrão satisfatório de translucidez para a restauração e favoreceu a estética final.