Determination of fumonisin content in maize using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) technology and chemometric methods.

Maize (Zea mays L.) is of socioeconomic importance as an essential food for human and animal nutrition. However, cereals are susceptible to attack by mycotoxin-producing fungi, which can damage health. The methods most commonly used to detect and quantify mycotoxins are expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, alternative non-destructive methods are required urgently. The present study aimed to use near-infrared spectroscopy with hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) and multivariate image analysis to develop a rapid and accurate method for quantifying fumonisins in whole grains of six naturally contaminated maize cultivars. Fifty-eight samples, each containing 40 grains, were subjected to NIR-HSI. These were subsequently divided into calibration (38 samples) and prediction sets (20 samples) based on the multispectral data obtained. The averaged spectra were subjected to various pre-processing techniques (standard normal variate (SNV), first derivative, or second derivative). The most effective pre-treatment performed on the spectra was SNV. Partial least squares (PLS) models were developed to quantify the fumonisin content. The final model presented a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.98 and root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) of 508 µg.kg-1 for the calibration set, an R2 of 0.95 and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 508 µg.kg-1 for the test validation set and a ratio of performance to deviation of 4.7. It was concluded that NIR-HSI with partial least square regression is a rapid, effective, and non-destructive method to determine the fumonisin content in whole maize grains.

Desafios da atenção primária em João Pessoa contra o coronavírus na perspectiva do usuário / User perspective on the challenges of primary care against the coronavirus in joão pessoa / Desafíos de la atención primaria en João Pessoa frente al coronavirus desde la perspectiva del usuario

No cenário pandêmico, o Sistema Único de Saúde precisou reinventar seus processos de trabalho, estabelecer novos fluxos de atendimento e fortalecer suas redes de atenção para prevenir e reduzir o contágio do vírus. Este estudo visa avaliar, do ponto de vista dos usuários, os desafios da Atenção Primária à Saúde em João Pessoa, Paraíba, no controle do coronavírus. Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal descritiva, com abordagem qualiquantitativa, que utilizou questionários elaborados no aplicativo Google Forms® e analisou os resultados por meio da estatística descritiva simples. Diante disso, foram selecionados quarenta usuários da Unidade Básica de Saúde, escolhidos durante as visitas dos pesquisadores à unidade localizada no bairro Cristo Redentor, em João Pessoa, entre março de 2020 e março de 2022. Ao serem questionados acerca da qualidade do preparo assistencial da unidade em relação ao atendimento dos casos não suspeitos, alguns usuários, ainda que uma parcela minoritária, fizeram uma avaliação negativa, uma vez que sentiram falta do cuidado assistencial. Além disso, conforme os relatos dos usuários, foram escassas as ações das equipes na busca ativa de sintomas respiratórios em grupos de risco. No tocante à comunicação da unidade com a comunidade durante a pandemia, foram relatadas dificuldades em contatar o posto, o que traz à tona a importância do agente comunitário de saúde e abre uma discussão sobre telessaúde, além de destacar a inviabilização da longitudinalidade e integralidade do cuidado durante esse período. Diante da crise sanitária global, nota-se que o confronto à pandemia pressupôs uma reestruturação da rede assistencial, na qual o verdadeiro desafio da Atenção Primária foi aprofundar seus atributos.

In the pandemic scenario, the Unified Health System had to reinvent its work processes, establishing new service flows and strengthening its care networks to prevent and reduce the virus spread. This study evaluates, from the user perspective, the challenges faced by Primary Health Care in João Pessoa, Paraíba, in controlling the coronavirus. A descriptive, qualitative-quantitative cross-sectional research was conducted by applying questionnaires prepared using Google Forms®. Results were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. A total of 40 Basic Health Unit users were selected during researchers' visits to the Cristo Redentor neighborhood unit between March 2020 and March 2022. When asked about the unit's care quality regarding non-suspect cases, some users made a negative evaluation, since the attention dispended felt lacking. Moreover, according to the participants, the teams seldomly actively searched for respiratory symptoms in risk groups. Regarding the unit's communication with the community during the pandemic, users reported difficulties in contacting the unit, which brings up the importance of community health agents and opens the discussion about telemedicine, as well as emphasizes the unfeasibility of care longitudinality and comprehensiveness during this period. Faced with a global health crisis, combating the pandemic required restructuring the care network, in which the real challenge of Primary Care was to further its attributes.

En el escenario de la pandemia, el Sistema Único de Salud necesitó reinventar sus procesos de trabajo, establecer nuevos flujos de servicios y fortalecer sus redes de atención para prevenir y mitigar la propagación del virus. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar, desde el punto de vista de los usuarios, los desafíos de la atención primaria de salud en João Pessoa, Paraíba (Brasil), en el control del coronavirus. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva de corte transversal, con enfoque cualicuantitativo, que utilizó cuestionarios elaborados en la aplicación Google Forms y analizó los resultados mediante estadística descriptiva simple. Así, fueron seleccionados cuarenta usuarios de la Unidad Básica de Salud, elegidos durante las visitas de los investigadores a la unidad ubicada en el barrio Cristo Redentor, en João Pessoa, entre marzo de 2020 y marzo de 2022. Se evidenció una evaluación negativa, aunque minoritaria, al interrogatorio acerca de la calidad de la preparación asistencial de la unidad con relación a la atención de casos no sospechosos, ya que sintieron falta de atención. Además, según los reportes de los usuarios, hubo pocos informes de equipos que buscaran activamente síntomas respiratorios en grupos de riesgo. Respecto a la comunicación de la unidad con la comunidad durante la pandemia, se informaron dificultades para contactar a la unidad, lo que resalta la importancia del agente comunitario de salud y abre la discusión sobre la telesalud, además de poner de relieve la inviabilidad de la longitudinalidad e integralidad de la atención durante este período. Frente a la crisis sanitaria global, se constata que enfrentar la pandemia requirió una reestructuración de la red de atención, en la que el verdadero desafío de la atención primaria era profundizar sus atributos.

Olfactory Dysfunction in Adults from Rio Grande do Norte: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction Smell is one of the senses of the human body, and it can be affected by several factors, such as viral infections, traumatic brain injury, iatrogenesis, smoking, and neurodegenerative and systemic diseases. Objectives The main goal of the present study is to describe the epidemiology of olfactory disorders in Rio Grande do Norte (RN). More specifically, to determine the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction and to identify the main risk factors related to these dysfunctions in the state's population. Methods A total of 180 volunteers living in the RN underwent the Connecticut Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) smell test and a clinical and demographic questionnaire. Results A total of 58.89% of the patients presented normosmia and 87.78% were classified as having between normal and mild hyposmia. A statistically significant relationship was found between worse performance in the test and nasal surgery ( p = 0.041) and the subjective feeling of not having an accurate sense of smell ( p = 0.006 on the right nostril). There was no statistical relationship between the olfactory status and the report of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection ( p = 0.254). Conclusion The occurrence of altered sense of smell in our study was different from that reported in other studies that used the same test. The relationship with COVID-19 was not clear.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, phosphorus and organic residues in Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. seedlings.

Studies have underscored a growingdemand for innovative practices in the cultivation of seedlings from forest species, with a notable emphasis on the utilization of organic waste, inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and phosphate fertilization. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of organic residues, inoculation with AMF, and phosphorus on the growth and quality of Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. seedlings. Two independent experiments were conducted. In Experiment I, treatments included inoculation with various AMF species: control (without inoculation), Clareoideoglomus etunicatum, Rhizophagus heterosporum, Rhizophagus clarum, and MIX (a combination of the three AMF species), all in conjunction with varying doses of phosphorus (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 mg kg-1 soil). In Experiment II, treatments comprised a control group (without AMF) and inoculation with Glomus clarum, Gigaspora margarita, Gigaspora albida, Clareoideoglomus etunicatum, and MIX (a combination of the four AMF species), each associated with four substrates: S1) soil + coarse sand - SCS, S2) SCS + poultry manure, S3) SCS + cattle manure, and S4) SCS + sheep manure. Peltophorum dubium seedlings exhibited heightened growth with the inoculation of R. heterosporum, R. clarum, and MIX. Positive responses were observed in seedlings when exposed to organic residues, particularly sheep manure, resulting in increased biomass production and enhanced Dickson quality index. The AMF inoculation, specifically with R. heterosporum, R. clarum, and MIX, provided optimal growth conditions for P. dubium seedlings. Remarkably, the utilization of organic residues, notably substrates with chicken manure and cattle manure, exerted substantial positive effects on both growth and quality of P. dubium seedlings.

Olfactory Dysfunction in Adults from Rio Grande do Norte: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Introduction Smell is one of the senses of the human body, and it can be affected by several factors, such as viral infections, traumatic brain injury, iatrogenesis, smoking, and neurodegenerative and systemic diseases. Objectives The main goal of the present study is to describe the epidemiology of olfactory disorders in Rio Grande do Norte (RN). More specifically, to determine the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction and to identify the main risk factors related to these dysfunctions in the state's population. Methods A total of 180 volunteers living in the RN underwent the Connecticut Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) smell test and a clinical and demographic questionnaire. Results A total of 58.89% of the patients presented normosmia and 87.78% were classified as having between normal and mild hyposmia. A statistically significant relationship was found between worse performance in the test and nasal surgery (p = 0.041) and the subjective feeling of not having an accurate sense of smell (p = 0.006 on the right nostril). There was no statistical relationship between the olfactory status and the report of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection (p = 0.254). Conclusion The occurrence of altered sense of smell in our study was different from that reported in other studies that used the same test. The relationship with COVID-19 was not clear.

Overview of the New Bioactive Heterocycles as Targeting Topoisomerase Inhibitors Useful Against Colon Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common worldwide cancer with high mortality. Factors such as more effective screening programs and improvements in treatment modalities have favored a decrease in the incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer in the last three decades. Metastatic CRC is incurable in most cases, and therapy using multiple drugs can increase patients' life expectancy by 2 to 3 years. Chemotherapy is the primary treatment, and fluoropyrimidines correspond to the first treatment line. They can be used in monotherapy or therapeutic schemes of oxaliplatin, FOLFOX (intravenous fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin), and CAPOX (oral capecitabine and oxaliplatin) or regimens based on Irinotecan, such FOLFIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and Irinotecan) and CAPIRI (capecitabine and Irinotecan). Like Camptothecin, irinotecan and other analogs have a mechanism of action based on forming a ternary complex with Topoisomerase I and DNA by reversibly binding, providing DNA damage and consequent cell death. This way, topoisomerases are vital enzymes for DNA maintenance and cell viability. Thus, here we will review the main works demonstrating the correlation between the inhibition of different isoforms of topoisomerases and the in vitro cytotoxic activity in colon cancer. The findings revealed that natural compounds, semi-synthetic and synthetic analogs showed potential cytotoxicity against several colon cancer cell lines in vitro and that this activity was often accompanied by the ability to inhibit type I and II topoisomerases, demonstrating that these enzymes can be promising drug targets for the development of new chemotherapeutics against colon cancer.

Selectivity of herbicides used in corn on Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don.

In the cropping systems that integrate the corn crop, the insertion of Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don is predominantly intercropped. In this context, there is a need to observe herbicides that present selectivity for this sunn hemp species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of pre and post-emergent herbicides on C. ochroleuca. Two field experiments were conducted in randomized blocks with four replications, involving the pre-emergence and post-emergence application of different herbicide treatments. For the pre-emergent ones, amicarbazone, atrazine and flumioxazin provided phytotoxicity higher than 90% and, consequently, low plant biomass. On the other hand, acetochlor and s-metolachlor did not cause phytotoxicity and did not affect the dry mass of crotalaria. In post-emergence, atrazine + mesotrione showed phytotoxicity >95%, followed by nicosulfuron and 2.4-D with phytotoxicity between 50-60%, whereas tembotrione did not cause injury to the plants. Thus, it was found that among the pre-emergent, acetochlor and s-metolachlor were selective, and for the emerging powders, only tembotrione was the most selective for all parameters analyzed.

The Power of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Their Applications to Discover Cysteine Protease Inhibitors.

A large family of enzymes with the function of hydrolyzing peptide bonds, called peptidases or cysteine proteases (CPs), are divided into three categories according to the peptide chain involved. CPs catalyze the hydrolysis of amide, ester, thiol ester, and thioester peptide bonds. They can be divided into several groups, such as papain-like (CA), viral chymotrypsin-like CPs (CB), papain-like endopeptidases of RNA viruses (CC), legumain-type caspases (CD), and showing active residues of His, Glu/Asp, Gln, Cys (CE). The catalytic mechanism of CPs is the essential cysteine residue present in the active site. These mechanisms are often studied through computational methods that provide new information about the catalytic mechanism and identify inhibitors. The role of computational methods during drug design and development stages is increasing. Methods in Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) accelerate the discovery process, increase the chances of selecting more promising molecules for experimental studies, and can identify critical mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology and molecular pathways of action. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are essential in any drug discovery program due to their high capacity for simulating a physiological environment capable of unveiling significant inhibition mechanisms of new compounds against target proteins, especially CPs. Here, a brief approach will be shown on MD simulations and how the studies were applied to identify inhibitors or critical information against cysteine protease from several microorganisms, such as Trypanosoma cruzi (cruzain), Trypanosoma brucei (rhodesain), Plasmodium spp. (falcipain), and SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro). We hope the readers will gain new insights and use our study as a guide for potential compound identifications using MD simulations.

Potencialidades da atenção básica contra a covid-19 em João Pessoa (PB): abordagem comunitária / Potentialities of primary care against COVID-19 in João Pessoa (PB): a community approach / Potencialidades de la atención básica frente a la COVID-19 en João Pessoa/Paraíba: enfoque comunitario

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), em março de 2020, classificou o aumento dos casos da doença covid-19, disseminada pelo SARS-CoV-2, como pandemia, evidenciando a necessidade de investimentos no cuidado específico com abordagens comunitária e territorial integrais, longitudinais e coordenadas. Dessa forma, no Brasil, a atenção primária à saúde (APS) detém elevado potencial de reduzir a transmissão e a gravidade clínica da covid-19. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar as potencialidades da atenção básica contra a covid-19 no município de João Pessoa (PB). O estudo categoriza-se como pesquisa exploratória, do tipo pesquisa de campo, realizada em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) do município. A população do estudo foi composta por todos os pacientes da UBS, e a amostragem por conveniência incluiu 40 usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde, de ambos os sexos e com 18 anos ou mais. Como resultados, observou-se como potencialidade: testagem e monitoramento dos casos de covid-19 pela UBS; adoção das medidas de biossegurança e controle; divulgação de recomendações e protocolos de manejo clínico e tratamento da covid-19; e assistência oferecida pela UBS. Portanto, concluiu-se que a APS oferecida pelo município de João Pessoa utilizou uma abordagem comunitária potencial capaz de atender às Diretrizes Nacionais de Vigilância em Saúde, construir redes de atenção condizentes com a realidade local e atender ao plano de contingência para o enfrentamento da covid-19 lançado pela prefeitura da cidade.

The World Health Organization (WHO), in March 2020, described the increase in cases of the disease COVID-19, transmitted by SARS-CoV-2, as a pandemic, highlighting the need for investments in specific care with comprehensive community and territorial approaches that are longitudinal, coordinated, and integrate. Thus, in Brazil, primary health care (PHC) has a great potential to reduce the transmission and clinical severity of COVID-19. Therefore, this study evaluated the potential of the community approach to PHC in the municipality of João Pessoa (PB) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The used methodology is categorized as exploratory field research and was conducted at the Basic Health Unit (BHU) Vila Saúde, in the Cristo Redentor neighborhood. The study population consisted of all patients at the BHU, and our sample included (by convenience) 40 users of the Unified Health System of all genders and who were aged 18 years or above. We observed the following BHU potentialities: the testing and monitoring of cases of COVID-19, the adoption of biosafety and control measures, the dissemination of recommendations and protocols for the clinical management and treatment of COVID-19, and the offered assistance. Therefore, we concluded that the PHC the municipality of João Pessoa offered used a potential community approach capable of meeting the National Health Surveillance Guidelines, building care networks consistent with the local reality and fulfilling the contingency plan to cope with COVID-19, as issued by the City Council.

La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) caracterizó la enfermedad COVID-19 como pandemia en marzo de 2020, debido al aumento de casos de esa enfermedad, propagada por el SARS-CoV-2, y destacó la necesidad de inversiones en atención específica con enfoque integral comunitario y territorial, longitudinal y coordenado. Así, en Brasil, la atención primaria de salud (APS) tiene un alto potencial para reducir la transmisión y la gravedad clínica de la COVID-19. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el potencial de la atención primaria frente a la COVID-19 en el municipio de João Pessoa/Paraíba (Brasil). El estudio es una investigación exploratoria, del tipo investigación de campo, realizada en una Unidad Básica de Salud (UBS) del municipio. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por todos los pacientes de la UBS, y la muestra por conveniencia incluyó a 40 usuarios del Sistema Único de Salud, de ambos sexos y con edad igual o superior a 18 años. Como resultado, se observó como potencial: testeo y seguimiento de casos de la COVID-19 por UBS; adopción de medidas de bioseguridad y control; difusión de recomendaciones y protocolos para el manejo clínico y tratamiento de la COVID-19; y la asistencia que ofrece la UBS. Por lo tanto, se concluyó que la APS ofrecida por el municipio de João Pessoa utilizó un enfoque comunitario potencial, capaz de cumplir con las Directrices Nacionales de Vigilancia en Salud, construir redes de atención acordes con la realidad local y cumplir con el plan de contingencia para enfrentar la COVID-19, emitido por el ayuntamiento de la ciudad.

Topoisomerase Enzyme Inhibitors as Potential Drugs Against Cancer: What Makes Them Selective or Dual? - A Review.

Topoisomerase inhibitors are extensively used in cancer chemotherapy. In the process of identifying novel anticancer compounds, biological evaluations are crucial and include, among others, the use of in silico and in vitro approaches. This work aimed to present recent research involving the obtainment and in silico and in vitro evaluation of topoisomerase I, II, and double inhibitors, of synthetic and natural origin, as potential compounds against tumor cells, in addition to proposing the construction of a desirable enzyme catalytic site. Therefore, it was observed that most Topoisomerase I inhibitors presented medium to large structures, with a rigid portion and a flexible region. In contrast, Topoisomerase IIα inhibitors showed medium and large structural characteristics, in addition to the planarity of the aromatic rings, which are mitigated due to flexible rings but may also present elements that restrict conformation. Most compounds that exhibit dual inhibitory activity had relatively long chains, in addition to a flat and rigid portion suggestive of affinity for Topo I and a flexible region characteristic of selective drugs for Topo II. Besides, it is noticed that most compounds that exhibit dual inhibitory showed similarities in the types of interactions and amino acids when compared to the selective compounds of Topo I and II. For instance, selective Topoisomerase I inhibitors interact with Arginine364 residues, and selective Topoisomerase II inhibitors interact with Arginine487 residues, as both residues are targets for dual compounds.

Genetic diversity of Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. progenies from the states of Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

There is little information regarding the genetic diversity of native species aimed at identifying the best viable progenies for in situ and ex situ conservation. Furthermore, there is a lack of future forest improvement programs. We aimed to know the genetic diversity of 64 Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. (Fabaceae) progenies. We determined this species' dendrometric characteristics, and when using multivariate techniques and cluster analysis, we verified the differences between the progenies and groups with less heterogeneity. The progeny and provenance test was installed in Dourados (Mato Grosso do Sul - MS), with seeds collected in three MS regions (Vale do Ivinhema, Serra de Maracaju, and Serra da Bodoquena) and in the micro-region of Lavras (Minas Gerais - MG). The experiment was conducted in an alpha lattice 8 x 8 with four repetitions. We found genetic variability among and within P. dubium populations for all height, diameter, circumference at breast height, volume, and basal area characters. We suggest that P. dubium populations have high genetic variability, which indicates possible genetic improvement through best progeny selection. The UPGMA and Tocher methods grouped the progenies into three and nine groups, respectively, in which the most divergent individuals come from MG and the Bonito region in MS. Based on morphological characters, P. dubium progenies identified as 45, 47, 49, 50, 55, and 59 from MG are the most promising, while progenies 6 and 9 were the least promising.

Application of Heterocycles as an Alternative for the Discovery of New Anti-ulcer Compounds: A Mini-Review.

A peptic ulcer is a lesion located in the esophagus, stomach, and upper intestine, caused by an imbalance between acid secretion and the release of protective mucus. This pathology is prevalent in approximately 14% of the world population and is commonly treated with proton pump inhibitors and type 2 histaminergic receptor antagonists, however, these drugs present concerning side effects that may lead to gastric cancer. In this sense, this research aimed to present the main heterocyclics studied in recent years. The screening method for the choice of articles was based on the selection of publications between 2000 and 2021 present in the Science Direct, Web of Science, Capes, and Scielo databases, by using the descriptors ''new derivatives'', "heterocyclics" "antiulcerogenic", "gastroprotective" and "antisecretor". This research showed that the most used rings in the development of anti-ulcer drugs were benzimidazole, quinazoline, thiazole, and thiadiazole. The results also portray several types of modern in silico, in vitro and in vivo assays, as well as the investigation of different mechanisms of action, with emphasis on proton pump inhibition, type 2 histaminergic receptor blockers, potassium competitive acid blockers, type E prostaglandin agonism, anti-secretory activity and anti-oxidant action. Additionally, the review evidenced the presence of the nitrogen atom in the heterocyclic ring as a determinant of the potential of the compound. This research suggests new alternatives for the treatment of gastric lesions, which may be more potent and cause fewer side effects than the currently used, and tend to evolve into more advanced studies in the coming years.

A pesquisa sobre o futebol no Brasil: análise dos grupos de pesquisa e da produção científica recente / La investigación sobre el fútbol en Brasil: análisis de los grupos de investigación y de la producción científica reciente / Football research in Brazil: analysis of scientific research groups and recent scientific production

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar, mapear e analisar os grupos de pesquisa (GP) sobre futebol no Brasil, a quantidade e a qualidade da produção científica dos pesquisadores líderes. Trata-se de um estudo sistemático, descritivo, realizado na base de dados do Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa no Brasil do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Analisou-se a produção científica recente (2016 e 2022) disponível no currículo Lattes dos líderes. Identificaram-se 46 GP, a maioria deles localizados nas regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil (n=22/47,8%). O primeiro GP não específico surgiu em 1984 e em 2006 foi cadastrado o primeiro GP específico. Nos últimos anos, foram 409 publicações sobre futebol. Conclui-se que houve um aumento de GP recentemente, com tendência de estabilidade nas publicações, melhora na qualidade dos artigos em periódicos com melhor estratificação Qualis e fator de impacto, indicando avanços nas pesquisas sobre futebol no Brasil. (AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar, mapear y analizar los grupos de investigación científica sobre el fútbol en Brasil, la cantidad y la calidad de la producción científica de los investigadores líderes. Se trata de un estudio sistemático y descriptivo realizado en la base de datos del Directorio de Grupos de Investigación de Brasil del Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (CNPq). Se analizó la producción científica reciente (2016 y 2022) disponible en el curriculum Lattes de los líderes. Se identificaron 46 grupos de investigación, la mayoría ubicados en las regiones Sudeste y Sur de Brasil (n=22/47,8%), el primer GI no específico surgió en 1984, y el primer GI específico fue registrado en 2006. En los últimos años, se registraron 409 publicaciones sobre fútbol. Se concluye que recientemente hubo un aumento de grupos de investigación, con una tendencia hacia la estabilidad en las publicaciones, mejoría en la calidad de los artículos en revistas con mejor calificación Qualis y mayor factor de impacto, lo que indica avances en la investigación sobre el fútbol en Brasil. (AU)

This study aimed to identify, map, and analyze the research groups (RG) on football in Brazil, through the quantity and quality of the scientific production of research leaders. This is a systematic and descriptive study carried out in the database of the Directory of Research Groups of Brazil of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). We analyzed the scientific production (2016 and 2022) of the Lattes of the leader's curriculum. In total, 46 groups were identified, the majority located in the Southeast and South regions of Brazil (n=22/47.8%). The first non-specific RG appeared in 1984 and the first specific RG was registered in 2006. In recent years, these RGs have been responsible for 409 publications about football. It is concluded that there has recently been an increase in RGs, with a trend towards stability in publications, indicating advances in research on football in Brazil. (AU)

Radiation-induced angiosarcoma: case report.

Angiosarcoma of the breast accounts for less than 1% of breast tumors. This tumor may be primary or secondary to previous radiation therapy and it is also named "radiogenic angiosarcoma of the breast", which is still a rare entity with a poor prognosis. So far, there are only 307 cases reported about these tumors in the literature. We present a case of a 73-year-old woman with a prior history of breast-conserving treatment of right breast cancer, exhibiting mild pinkish skin changes in the ipsilateral breast. Her mammography was consistent with benign alterations (BI-RADS 2). On incisional biopsy specimens, hematoxylin-eosin showed atypical vascular lesion and suggested immunohistochemisty for diagnostic elucidation. Resection of the lesions was performed and histology showed radiogenic angiosarcoma. The patient underwent simple mastectomy. Immunohistochemistry was positive for antigens related to CD31 and CD34, and C-MYC oncogene amplification, confirming the diagnosis of angiosarcoma induced by breast irradiation. A delayed diagnosis is an important concern. Initial skin changes in radiogenic angiosarcoma are subtle, therefore, these alterations may be confused with other benign skin conditions such as telangiectasia. We highlight this case clinical aspects with the intention of alerting to the possibility of angiosarcoma of the breast in patients with a previous history of adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer treatment. Sixteen months after the surgery the patient remains asymptomatic.

Alpha-decay half-life of Hafnium isotopes reinvestigated by a semi-empirical approach.

- New estimates of partial α-decay half-life, T1/2, for 156-162,174,176Hf isotopes by a semi-empirical, one-parameter model are given. The used model is based on the quantum mechanical tunneling mechanism through a potential barrier, where the Coulomb, centrifugal and overlapping components to the barrier have been considered within the spherical nucleus approximation. This approach enables to reproduce, within a factor 2, the measured T1/2 of ground-state to ground-state (gs-gs) α-transitions for the artificially produced 156-162Hf isotopes. Half-life predictions for α-transitions from the ground-state of 159,161Hf isotopes to the first gamma-excited level of 155,157Yb isotopes are reported for the first time. The model also provides T1/2-values of (2.43±0.28)×1016 a and (1.47±0.19)×1020 a for the naturally occurring 174Hf and 176Hf isotopes, respectively, in quite good agreement with a number of estimates by other authors. In addition, the present methodology indicates that 174,176Hf isotopes exhibit α-transition to the first gamma-excited level of their daughter Ytterbium isotopes which half-lives are found (0.9±0.1)×1018 a and (0.72±0.08)×1022 a, respectively, with a chance of being measured by improved α-detection and α-spectrometry methods available nowadays.

Atividade antibacteriana de nanopartículas de polipirrol diante de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de amostras de leite de vacas e cabras com mastite / Antibacterial behavior of polypyrrole nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows and goats with mastitis

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial behavior of polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy-NPs) in water against biofilm producer or not S. aureus isolated from cows and goats with mastitis. One hundred and thirty-eight isolates of S. aureus were initially evaluated for biofilm formation by spectrophotometry in microplates. In addition, the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of PPy-NPs in water for planktonic S. aureus were determined. From the bovine samples analyzed, 5 (4.46%) S. aureus isolates showed a strong biofilm production, 17 (15.18%) moderate production, 36 (32.14%) with weak production and 54 (48.21%) did not produce biofilms. Strains from goats (26) showed no biofilm production in 18 (69.23%) strains and weak biofilm production in 8 (30.76%) strains. The MIC and MBC of S. aureus to PPy-NPs were found in the same concentration (125搭/mL) in all strains tested, regardless of biofilm production or not. This finding provides a new insight into the interaction between PPy-NPs and S. aureus, and will offer potential benefits for the control of mastitis.(AU)

Radiation-induced angiosarcoma: case report / Angiossarcoma induzido por radiação: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Angiosarcoma of the breast accounts for less than 1% of breast tumors. This tumor may be primary or secondary to previous radiation therapy and it is also named "radiogenic angiosarcoma of the breast", which is still a rare entity with a poor prognosis. So far, there are only 307 cases reported about these tumors in the literature. We present a case of a 73-year-old woman with a prior history of breast-conserving treatment of right breast cancer, exhibiting mild pinkish skin changes in the ipsilateral breast. Her mammography was consistent with benign alterations (BI-RADS 2). On incisional biopsy specimens, hematoxylin-eosin showed atypical vascular lesion and suggested immunohistochemisty for diagnostic elucidation. Resection of the lesions was performed and histology showed radiogenic angiosarcoma. The patient underwent simple mastectomy. Immunohistochemistry was positive for antigens related to CD31 and CD34, and C-MYC oncogene amplification, confirming the diagnosis of angiosarcoma induced by breast irradiation. A delayed diagnosis is an important concern. Initial skin changes in radiogenic angiosarcoma are subtle, therefore, these alterations may be confused with other benign skin conditions such as telangiectasia. We highlight this case clinical aspects with the intention of alerting to the possibility of angiosarcoma of the breast in patients with a previous history of adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer treatment. Sixteen months after the surgery the patient remains asymptomatic.

RESUMO Os angiossarcomas de mama representam menos de 1% dos tumores da mama e podem ser primários ou secundários à radioterapia prévia. Tais tumores são chamados de "angiossarcomas radiogênicos da mama" e representam uma entidade mais rara ainda e de prognóstico ruim. Atualmente, na literatura, são encontrados apenas 307 casos desses tumores. Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 73 anos, com história prévia de tratamento conservador de câncer de mama direita, apresentando alteração rósea discreta em pele da mama homolateral. A mamografia demostrou resultado compatível com alterações benignas (BI-RADS 2). No material de biópsia incisional, a hematoxilina-eosina demonstrou lesão vascular atípica e sugeriu imuno-histoquímica para elucidação diagnóstica. A paciente foi submetida à ressecção de lesões, e a histologia demonstrou angiossarcoma radiogênico. Em seguida, mastectomia simples foi realizada. A imuno-histoquímica demonstrou positividade para os antígenos relacionados a CD31 e CD34, e a amplificação do oncogene C-MYC confirmou o diagnóstico de angiossarcoma induzido por radiação mamária. O atraso no diagnóstico constitui questão importante. Considerando que as alterações iniciais da pele do angiossarcoma radiogênico são sutis e podem ser confundidas com outras condições benignas da pele, como telangiectasias, neste relato destacamos os aspectos clínicos, no intuito de alertar sobre a possibilidade de angiossarcoma de mama em pacientes com história prévia de radioterapia adjuvante para tratamento de câncer de mama. A paciente permaneceu assintomática 16 meses após a cirurgia.