Abnormal sensory integration affects balance control in hemiparetic patients within the first year after stroke.

OBJECTIVE: Impairments in balance can be a consequence of changes in the motor, sensory, and integrative aspects of motor control. Abnormal sensory reweighting, i.e., the ability to select the most appropriate sensory information to achieve postural stability, may contribute to balance impairment. The Sensory Organization Test is a component of Computerized Dynamic Posturography that evaluates the impact of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs, as well as sensory reweighting, under conditions of sensory conflict. The aim of this study is to compare balance control in hemiparetic patients during the first year post-stroke and in age-matched neurologically normal subjects using the Berg Balance Scale and Computerized Dynamic Posturography. METHODS: We compared the Berg Balance Scale and Sensory Organization Test scores in 21 patients with hemiparesis after first-ever ischemic stroke and in 21 age-matched, neurologically normal subjects. An equilibrium score was defined for each Sensory Organization Test condition. RESULTS: Berg Balance Scale scores were significantly lower in the patients than in the neurologically normal subjects. Equilibrium scores were significantly lower in the patients than in the neurologically normal subjects for those Sensory Organization Test conditions that did not provide appropriate somatosensory information and under conditions of sensory conflict. A history of falls was more frequent in patients with lower equilibrium scores. CONCLUSION: During the first year after a stroke, defective sensory reweighting significantly impacts balance control in hemiparetic patients. These results are important for the planning of effective rehabilitation interventions.

Abnormal sensory integration affects balance control in hemiparetic patients within the first year after stroke

OBJECTIVE: Impairments in balance can be a consequence of changes in the motor, sensory, and integrative aspects of motor control. Abnormal sensory reweighting, i.e., the ability to select the most appropriate sensory information to achieve postural stability, may contribute to balance impairment. The Sensory Organization Test is a component of Computerized Dynamic Posturography that evaluates the impact of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs, as well as sensory reweighting, under conditions of sensory conflict. The aim of this study is to compare balance control in hemiparetic patients during the first year post-stroke and in age-matched neurologically normal subjects using the Berg Balance Scale and Computerized Dynamic Posturography. METHODS: We compared the Berg Balance Scale and Sensory Organization Test scores in 21 patients with hemiparesis after first-ever ischemic stroke and in 21 age-matched, neurologically normal subjects. An equilibrium score was defined for each Sensory Organization Test condition. RESULTS: Berg Balance Scale scores were significantly lower in the patients than in the neurologically normal subjects. Equilibrium scores were significantly lower in the patients than in the neurologically normal subjects for those Sensory Organization Test conditions that did not provide appropriate somatosensory information and under conditions of sensory conflict. A history of falls was more frequent in patients with lower equilibrium scores. CONCLUSION: During the first year after a stroke, defective sensory reweighting significantly impacts balance control in hemiparetic patients. These results are important for the planning of effective rehabilitation interventions.

Vestibular rehabilitation therapy in children.

OBJECTIVES: Vestibular disturbances are underdiagnosed in children. However, balance impairment may compromise the normal development of affected children. The appropriate therapeutic approach has not been agreed on for this age group. Vestibular rehabilitation therapy has excellent results in adults, but very few data exist regarding its results in children. We evaluated through clinical assessment and computerized dynamic posturography the outcome of children with peripheral vestibular disturbances undergoing vestibular rehabilitation therapy and observed the influence of learning and of central nervous system maturation on posturography retest results. METHODS: Sixteen children (10 boys and 6 girls) with peripheral vestibular disorders (mean age, 8 yr 7 mo) constituted the cohort and were consecutively treated with vestibular rehabilitation therapy. Symptomatic children underwent pre- and posttreatment computerized dynamic posturography. Their outcome was clinically assessed. Another 16 asymptomatic children, paired by sex and age, underwent two computerized dynamic posturography procedures with the same time interval as that of the symptomatic group. RESULTS: All children completed the treatment. Total recovery of symptoms occurred in nine (56.3%) patients, whereas a dramatic partial recovery was observed in the remaining seven (43.7%) children. Posturography Conditions 5 and 6, the vestibular ratio of the sensory analysis, and the composite equilibrium score had a significant quantitative improvement after vestibular rehabilitation therapy. No adverse reactions occurred to the exercises. No statistically significant posturography changes were observed in the asymptomatic children. CONCLUSION: Vestibular rehabilitation therapy seems to be a safe and efficacious therapeutic option in children with peripheral vestibular disturbances.

[Evaluation of the treatment of vestibular disorders in children with computerized dynamic posturography: preliminary results]. / Avaliação do tratamento dos distúrbios vestibulares na criança através da posturografia dinâmica computadorizada: resultados preliminares.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at evaluating dynamic posturography as an evaluation method in children with balance problems due to peripheral vestibulopathy, before and after treatment with vestibular rehabilitation, establishing its correlation with classical clinical evaluation. METHOD: Ten children (six boys and four girls) with vestibular symptoms of peripheral origin were evaluated through a complete clinical history and with dynamic computerized posturography after being treated by vestibular rehabilitation therapy. Posturographic data were analyzed and compared to standard clinical evaluation parameters. RESULTS: Dynamic posturography showed a significant improvement of condition 1 (orthostatic position, fixed support and open eyes) and 5 (orthostatic position, sway-referenced support and closed eyes) of the vestibular function and of the composite balance score. The data showed significant correlation with the clinical improvement observed. A significant reduction of proprioceptive influence was also observed. CONCLUSIONS: Data showed that the dynamic posturography adds important quantitative information to the conventional clinical evaluation of vestibular symptoms, especially in children.

Avaliaçäo do tratamento dos distúrbios vestibulares na criança através da posturografia dinâmica computadorizada: resultados preliminares / Evaluation of the treatment of vestibular disorders in children with computerized dynamic posturography: preliminary results

OBJETIVO: o objetivo desta investigaçäo foi avaliar a posturografia como método de acompanhamento de crianças com vestibulopatia periférica, tratadas com reabilitaçäo vestibular, estabelecendo sua correlaçäo com a evoluçäo clínica dos pacientes. MÉTODOS: dez crianças (seis meninos e quatro meninas) portadoras de afecções vestibulares periféricas, submetidas à reabilitaçäo vestibular como forma de tratamento, tiveram sua evoluçäo clínica avaliada através de uma anamnese detalhada de seus sintomas e da realizaçäo da posturografia dinâmica computadorizada. Os dados posturográficos foram analisados e comparados à evoluçäo clínica dos pacientes estudados. RESULTADOS: observou-se, após o tratamento, melhora significativa das condições 1 (paciente em posiçäo ortostática, plataforma fixa e olhos abertos) e 5 (paciente em posiçäo ortostática, plataforma em movimento e olhos fechados) da posturografia dinâmica, da funçäo vestibular e do índice do equilíbrio, que correlacionaram-se significativamente com a melhora clínica e diminuiçäo dos sintomas dos pacientes. Observou-se, também, reduçäo significativa da influência da funçäo somatosensorial sobre o equilíbrio final da criança. CONCLUSÄO: os dados obtidos mostram que a posturografia näo substitui a avaliaçäo clínica convencional, mas agrega dados quantitativos importantes para o acompanhamento da terapia destes pacientes.

Reabilitaçäo vestibular na criança: estudo preliminar / Vestibular rehabilitation in children: preliminary study

Forma de estudo: Clínico prospectivo. Objetivo: O estudo analisa prospectivamente os resultados da Reabilitaçäo Vestibular pelo método de Cawtorne & Cooksey em 22 crianças, portadoras de vestibulopatia periférica, associada ou näo a sintomas centrais, com idade média de 8,6 anos. Material e método: Os exames quantitativos da funçäo vestibular utilizados para quantificar a vestibulopatia foram a eletronistagmografia e a prova rotatória pendular decrescente (PRPD), mas a história clínica altamente sugestiva de processo vestibular foi considerada diagnóstica mesmo na presença de exames normais. Resultado: Os resultados apontam a Reabilitaçäo Vestibular como uma opçäo válida no tratamento das vestibulopatias na infância, uma vez que näo houve casos näo responsivos ao tratamento

Otite média secretora: perfil terapêutico por uma amostra de especialistas / Otitis media with effusion: treatment modalities applied by a group of ent doctors

O tratamento da otite média secretora (OMS) apresenta grande dificuldade de padronizaçäo, devido à combinaçäo de importantes fatores etiológicos na patogênese da doença. Dessa forma, diferentes modalidades de tratamento podem ser empregadas. Para melhor conhecermos os atuais conceitos no tratamento da OMS, foi realizada uma pesquisa com 150 médicos otorrinolaringologistas de diferentes regiöes do País. Oitenta questionários foram respondidos; e os dados, computados. Os resultados mostraram que, na grande maioria, os especialistas prescrevem, como primeira opçäo terapêutica, antibióticos por 8 a 10 dias (Amoxacilina em 40 por cento dos casos), associados com corticosteróides por 11 a 15 dias. Nas consultas seguintes näo houve predomínio de qualquer grupo de medicaçöes. Em relaçäo ao tratamento cirúrgico, näo houve concordância do momento preciso de sua indicaçäo. Na maioria, os especialistas indicam tubo de ventilaçäo de curta duraçäo. Os autores analisam as terapêuticas propostas e comparam com a literatura e internacional