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1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 120(43): e2307203120, 2023 Oct 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37844219

RESUMO

The TGF-beta signals Vg1 (Dvr1/Gdf3) and Nodal form heterodimers to induce vertebrate mesendoderm. The Vg1 proprotein is a monomer retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is processed and secreted upon heterodimerization with Nodal, but the mechanisms underlying Vg1 biogenesis are largely elusive. Here, we clarify the mechanisms underlying Vg1 retention, processing, secretion, and signaling and introduce a Synthetic Processing (SynPro) system that enables the programmed cleavage of ER-resident and extracellular proteins. First, we find that Vg1 can be processed by intra- or extracellular proteases. Second, Vg1 can be processed without Nodal but requires Nodal for secretion and signaling. Third, Vg1-Nodal signaling activity requires Vg1 processing, whereas Nodal can remain unprocessed. Fourth, Vg1 employs exposed cysteines, glycosylated asparagines, and BiP chaperone-binding motifs for monomer retention in the ER. These observations suggest two mechanisms for rapid mesendoderm induction: Chaperone-binding motifs help store Vg1 as an inactive but ready-to-heterodimerize monomer in the ER, and the flexibility of Vg1 processing location allows efficient generation of active heterodimers both intra- and extracellularly. These results establish SynPro as an in vivo processing system and define molecular mechanisms and motifs that facilitate the generation of active TGF-beta heterodimers.


Assuntos
Padronização Corporal , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta , Animais , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Vertebrados/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais
2.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 16(2): 33-37, 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1525863

RESUMO

Introducción: El Síndrome Hipertensivo del Embarazo (SHE) es el conjunto de condiciones patológicas derivadas del alza de presión arterial mantenida originadas antes y/o durante el curso de un embarazo. En ocasiones requiere tratamiento hospitalario. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la tasa de egreso hospitalario (TEH) por complicaciones del SHE durante el 2018-2021 en Chile. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo tipo transversal de las complicaciones por SHE en el periodo 2018-2921 en Chile según grupo etario y días de estadía hospitalaria (n=12.006). Datos obtenidos del departamento de estadística e información en salud. Se calculó TEH. No requirió aprobación del comité de ética. Resultados: La Preeclampsia tuvo más TEH con 61,48 por cada 100.000 habitantes, afectó más a mujeres de 20 a 44 años con 74.03 por 100.000 habitantes. Las complicaciones del SHE reportaron un promedio de 6,4 días de hospitalización. El Síndrome de HELLP registró más días de hospitalización con 7,2 días. Discusión: El envejecimiento poblacional, la migración, el sobrepeso-obesidad podrían influir en mayores TRH por preeclampsia. Se reportó mayores TEH de preeclampsia en mujeres de 20 a 44 años. Esto se debe posiblemente por factores cardiovasculares, maternidad tardía y la hipertensión crónica. El Síndrome de HELLP implica peor pronóstico y reportó mayores días hospitalización debido al manejo médico. Discusión: Hay escasas estadísticas nacionales sobre TEH en relación a SHE. La edad, el riesgo cardiovascular y fenómenos epidemiológicos ofrecen posibles líneas investigativas. Más estudios son requeridos para dilucidar los factores que desencadenan sus complicaciones.


Introduction: The Hypertensive Syndrome of Pregnancy (SHE) is the set of pathological conditions derived from the increase in sustained blood pressure originating before and/or during the course of a pregnancy. Sometimes it requires hospital treatment. The objective of the study is to determine the rate of hospital discharge (TEH) due to complications of EHS during 2018-2021 in Chile. Materials and Methods: Descriptive transversal type of study about the complications of hypertensive pregnancy syndrome during the period from 2018 to 2021 according to age range and number of days in the hospital (n=12.006). Data obtained from the health statistics and information department, which did not require approval of the ethics committee. Results: PE had a higher TEH with 61.48 out of 100,000 people, affecting more women aged 20 to 44 years with 74.03 per 100,000 inhabitants. Complications of hypertensive pregnancy syndrome reported an average of 6.4 hospitalization days. The HELLP syndrome had more days with a quantity of 7.2. Discussion: Population aging, migration, and overweight-obesity might influence the increase in TEH/PE. Higher TEH of PE was reported in women aged 20 to 44 years, possibly due to cardiovascular factors, late maternity, and chronic hypertension. The HELLP syndrome implies a worse prognosis and reported more days at the hospital due to medical treatment. Conclusion: There are few national statistics on TEH in relation to SHE. Age, cardiovascular risk, and epidemiological phenomena offer possible lines of investigation. More studies are required to elucidate the factors that trigger its complications.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Pré-Eclâmpsia/epidemiologia , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/epidemiologia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Chile/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Hipertensão/epidemiologia
3.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 76(1): 43-50, abr. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-784881

RESUMO

Introducción: El angiofibroma nasofaríngeo juvenil es una neoplasia vascular benigna y localmente agresiva, que se desarrolla casi exclusivamente en adolescentes de sexo masculino. Sus manifestaciones clínicas habituales son epistaxis y obstrucción nasal. Objetivo: Dar a conocer la experiencia en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Carlos van Buren de pacientes con angiofibroma operados por vía endoscópica y abierta entre los años 2008 y 2015. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico de angiofibroma nasofaríngeo juvenil que ingresaron al Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Carlos van Buren entre los años 2008 y 2015. Resultados: Hubo un total de 6 casos. La edad de los pacientes fluctuó entre los 12 y los 29 años, el 100% fueron pacientes masculinos. Los síntomas de presentación más frecuente fueron epistaxis recurrente y obstrucción nasal, presentes en 5/6 de los pacientes. La totalidad de los casos fueron estudiados con TC, RM y angiografía. El manejo en todos los casos fue con embolización endovascular 48 horas previo a la resección. Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos se correlacionan con la literatura. El abordaje endoscópico sigue siendo de elección. Este tiene como ventajas menores pérdidas sanguíneas intraoperatorias, una disminución del número días de hospitalización y las tasas de recurrencia.


Introduction: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a benign vascular neoplasm, locally aggressive that develops almost exclusively in adolescent males. Its usual clinical manifestations are epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Aim: To show the experience in the Department of Otolaryngology Hospital Carlos van Buren of angiofibromas operated by endoscopic and open surgery between the years 2008 and 2015, and review of the literature. Material and Method: Retrospective descriptive study of patients diagnosed with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma admitted in the Department of Otolaryngology Hospital Carlos van Buren, Valparaiso between 2008 and 2015. Results: A total of 6 cases were identified. The age of patients ranged from 12 to 29 years. The most common presenting symptoms were recurrent epistaxis and nasal obstruction, both present in 5/6 of patients. All the cases were studied with CT, MRI and angiography. All cases had pre-surgical endovascular embolisation48 hours prior to excision. Conclusions: The results correlate with those seen in the literature. The endoscopic approach is the better option, because of its lower intraoperative blood loss, days of hospitalization and recurrence.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/cirurgia , Angiofibroma/cirurgia , Endoscopia , Epistaxe , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Angiofibroma/epidemiologia
4.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 75(3): 257-260, dic. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-771698

RESUMO

Los gliomas nasales son restos de tejido neuroglial que se presentan como una masa craneofacial. Es poco frecuente y no tiene características malignas, pero local-mente es bastante agresivo. Se encuentra dentro del diagnóstico diferencial de masas congénitas de la línea media. Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido que presenta un pólipo nasal derecho y distrés respiratorio. La RNM revela una masa intranasal sin conexión intracraneal. Vía endoscópica se realiza exéresis de la masa sin complicaciones. Biopsia confirma diagnóstico de glioma.


Nasal gliomas are glial tissue residues presented as a craniofacial mass. It is rare and has no malignant features, but locally it is quite aggressive. It is included in the differential diagnosis of congenital midline masses. The case of a newborn is reported which presents a right nasal polyp and respiratory distress. The MRI reveals an intracranial mass with no intranasal connection. Endoscopic resection of the mass is done with no complications. Biopsy confirms glioma diagnosis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Neoplasias Nasais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Nasais/diagnóstico , Glioma/cirurgia , Glioma/diagnóstico , Biópsia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética
5.
Rev Med Chil ; 126(6): 661-4, 1998 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9778874

RESUMO

We present a case of a 60 year old male with end stage dilated cardiomyopathy in NYHA functional class IV in whom a partial left ventriculectomy was performed, a new surgical procedure developed in Brazil and done for the first time in Chile. Left ventricular size reduction produced an objective improvement on echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function as well as in patient's NYHA functional class in the early post operative period.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/cirurgia , Ventrículos do Coração/cirurgia , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/cirurgia , Volume Cardíaco , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Volume Sistólico
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