Micobacteriosis sistémica por mycobacterium avium en paciente con SIDA / Systemic mycobacteriosis for Mycobacterium avium in a AIDS patient

Se analizaron repetidas muestras procedentes de un paciente cubano con SIDA, para descartar la presencia de bacilos ácido alcohol resistente (BAAR), pasadas 2-3 semana en las muestras de esputo, líquido cefalorraquídeo y de hemocultivo que habían sido procesadas y cultivadas se detecta la presencia de algunas colonias, como resultado se obtuvo el aislamiento de una cepa micobacteriana no pigmentada, de crecimiento lento perteneciente al Grupo III de Runyon, esta cepas fueron clasificadas como Mycobacterium avium por los métodos convencionales establecidos para la identificación de cepas micobacterianas, como técnica confirmativa diagnóstica se utilizó el análisis de las fracciones de ácido micólicos por la técnica de cromatografía en capa delgada bidimensional. El objetivo fundamental de este estudio ha sido reportar el primer caso de micobacteriosis sistémica en un paciente cubano con SIDA

Several sputum and blood culture simples from a Cuban HIV/AIDS patient were analyzed to discard the presence of alcohol acid resistant bacillus. After 2-3 weeks the culture revealed in both kinds of samples some colonies from non-pigmented mycobacterium strain with slow growth and belonging to III Runyon Group. This strain was classified as Mycobacterium avium by conventional methods established for mycobacterium identification. To diagnostic confirmative method was used the analysis of fraction mycolic acid by bi-dimensional thin layer chromatography. The main objective of this study was to report the first case of systemic mycobacteriosis in a Cuban HIV/AIDS patient

[Analysis of fatty acids from strains of Mycobacterium habana and Mycobacterium simiae]. / Análisis de ácidos grasos de cepas de Mycobacterium habana y Mycobacterium simiae.

A comparative analysis of mycobacterial fatty acid fractions of Mycobacteriun habana and Mycobacterium sineae strains was made. This study used the gas-liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Chromatographic profiles obtained from this technique were exposed and compared. This technique proves to be valuable as an alternative element in mycobacterial characterization and makes it possible to analyze the possible differences that may exist among mycobacterial species and to identify the present fatty acid fractions. The outcome proved that the studied strains had quantifiable quantities of over 20 C atom chain fatty acids. There are small differences among the strains in terms of these organic components. It was confirmed that each of then describes a characteristic chromatographic pattern although the composition of present fatty acids is very similar in both studied species.

[Mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium gordonae. First case reported in Cuba]. / Micobacteriosis por Mycobacterium gordonae. Primer caso reportado en Cuba.

Since 1990, repeated samples of a positive HIV patient were studied, who had skin lesions with ulcers and scabs, dirty bottom and prominent edges; hyperergic Mantoux and very low CD levels. As a result, a slowly growing pigmented strain was isolated and classified as Mycobacterium gordonae by using standard as well as alternative bacteriological studies such as the mycobacterial mycolic acid analysis. The patient was treated with 4 antibacilar drugs and 6 weeks after the starting of the treatment, all reported skin lesions had disappeared.

[Taxonomic study of species of the Mycobacterium genus isolated in Cuba]. / Estudio taxométrico de especies del género Mycobacterium aisladas en Cuba.

40 strains of the Mycobacterium genus corresponding to 12 species, which were subjected to 62 microbiological and biochemical tests, were studied. Each one was considered as a character. As a result of the similitude coefficient and their grouping, 9 phenomes represented by: Phenome I (Mycobacterium fortuitum), Phenome II (MAI Complex), Phenome III (Mycobacterium phlei), Phenome IV (Mycobacterium triviale), Phenome V (Mycobacterium smegmatis), Phenome VI (Mycobacterium gordonae), Phenome VII (Mycobacterium szulgai), Phenome VIII (MAI Complex), and Phenome IX (Mycobacterium scrofulaceum), were obtained. The strain identification work was consistent with grouping from the phenotypic point of view.

[A susceptibility study of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare strains using the broth macrodilution method]. / Estudio de la susceptibilidad en cepas de Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare empleando el método de macrodilución en caldo.

The macrobroth dilution method was used for determining the resistance and/or sensitivity of 10 nontuberculous mycobacteria strains from Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) complex isolated from patients presenting with respiratory symptoms. Drugs employed were as follows: isoniazid, ethambutol, rifampicin, streptomycin, gentamicin and amikacin. With respect to susceptibility of the strains studied, the greater sensitivity was found to be against ethambutol, amikacin, and gentamicin. The possibility of replacing the Middlebrook 7H9 liquid culture medium by the UIT-L liquid culture medium was analyzed. Normalization of the method was attained and a shortening of the reading time when using the UIT-L culture medium was also obtained.

[The use of UIT-A culture medium to produce a biomass for mycobacterial biochemical identification]. / Utilización del medio de cultivo UIT-A en la obtención de biomasa para la identificación bioquímica micobacteriana.

The UIT-A solid culture medium is compared with the Lowenstein Jensen, in order to obtain biomass in mounting the "non-tuberculous" mycobacteria biochemical identification test (MNT) with the idea of considering the possibility of using it as a culture medium for mounting and analysing such biochemical tests. Results achieved in both culture media were equal, and that is why the use of UIT-A culture medium is mainly recommended for those strains with a poor or scarce growth.