An Early Presentation Of Supraglottic Laryngeal Paraganglioma: Case Report And Review Of Literature.

A thirty-year-old male presented with progressive hoarseness and dysphagia for solids. Fibre optic laryngoscopy showed a right supraglottic mass. Subsequent CT imaging showed the location and extent of the mass. Biopsy revealed a Paraganglioma with cytokeratin negative and chromogranin positive cells. The mass was subsequently removed without complications. Follow up also showed no complications. Hoarseness and dysphagia resolved following tumour excision.

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome.

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome is extremely rare. Our patient, a 32 years old male, with history of orchidectomy presented with mass abdomen. He was initially diagnosed with seminoma and subsequently treated with chemotherapy. Biopsy of the mass showed germ cell tumour and MRI abdomen revealed female rudimentary organs confirmed on per operative and later on histopathology. Karyotype was 46 XY.

Intraorbital, Infratemporal And Intracranial Extensions As The First Presentation Of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma.

Metastatic skull deposits from follicular thyroid carcinoma are rare, and let alone this being the primary presenting symptom with no history of thyroid cancer is exceptionally rarer. A 40-yearold female patient presented with a mass in the temporal and occipital region of the skull. Fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed multiple fragments of a neoplasm composed of variably sized follicles lined by tumour cells having pleomorphic hyperchromatic nuclei. Further workup revealed Follicular thyroid carcinoma and subsequently, total thyroidectomy was done. Skull resection was not possible due to the extensive nature of disease and patient was advised radioactive iodine ablation therapy but couldn't survive past 4 months.

Electrolyte Abnormalities in Neonates with Probable and Culture-Proven Sepsis and its Association with Neonatal Mortality.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the frequency of electrolyte abnormalities in patients of probable and culture-proven sepsis on admission and assess any association of electrolyte disorders with mortality. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: NICU, Fazle-Omar Hospital, Rabwah, from October 2015 to September 2016. METHODOLOGY: All neonates with the diagnosis of probable and culture-proven sepsis during the study period admitted in NICU, Fazle-Omar Hospital, were included in the study. Electrolyte levels were categorised as normal, high or low and recorded in the data form, with age and outcome. Fisher exact test was used to test association. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-one neonates were included in the study. Ten (6.6%) died. Among these, 114 (75.49%) had one or more electrolyte abnormalities. Median (IQR [interquartile range]) levels of sodium and chloride were, 140 (7.1), and 100.2 (7.4) mmol/L, respectively. Mean levels of potassium and calcium were 5.07 ±0.76 mmol/L and 2.35 ±0.338 mmol/L, respectively. Hyperkalemia was the commonest electrolyte disorder present in 60 (39.7%) neonates, followed by hypercalcemia in 50 (33.1%) and hypocalcemia in 20 (13.2%). None of the neonates without any electrolyte abnormality died (p=0.053). CONCLUSION: Majority cases of neonatal sepsis have got electrolyte abnormalities. Hyperkalemia was the commonest electrolyte imbalance followed by hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia.

Frequency of underweight and stunting among children entering school in a small urban locality and their association with academic performance.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of underweight and stunting among the children entering first year of school and to assess its associated factors. METHODS: This descriptive, analytical study was conducted at 5 schools of Rabwah, Pakistan, from August to September 2015, and comprised all students who got admission in the selected schools during the study period. Name, father's name, gender, weight, height, status of height, and weight on Z-score charts, and marks obtained in the test were recorded. SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of the 478 participants, 212(44.4%) were boys and 266(55.6%) were girls. The overall mean age was 66.6±5.966 months (range: 41-129 months). Overall, 53(11.1%) were underweight, 22(4.6%) were severely underweight, 55(11.5%) had stunting and 12(2.5%) had severe stunting. Median marks (Interquartile Range [IQR]) in admission test for obese, overweight, normal, underweight and severely underweight children were 76.3%(37.2-84.7), 65.9%, 66.7%(56.4-72.3), 64.6%(47-71), and 67%(55.3-78), respectively. Median marks (IQR) in admission test for tall, normal height, stunted and severe stunted children were 24.1%, 67%(57.3-73), 57%(31.1-67.8), and 62.6%(49.7-68.3), respectively. Children with stunting scored significantly fewer marks compared to children of normal height (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Stunting and underweight were common problems among children starting school. Stunting was found to be associated with lower marks in admission test.