Psychological Satisfaction of Parents of Young Football Players with a Mosaic Form of Down Syndrome by the Quality of Sports Training

Physical culture and sports are still an effective means of rehaabilitation and social integration of persons with weakened health. They allow people with disabilities to fully discover all their functional reserves and be active members of society. In this regard, the further development of physical culture and sports work with people with various health problems is very promising. One of the types of such activities are footbal groups, where children and young people with Down's syndrome are becoming more active. For athletes with a mosaic form of Down's syndrome, it is very important, first of all, that there are conditions for practicing football, that is, a gym with inventory, as evidencedby high marks to the quality of the classes. The use of visual training methods (instructions, drawings, schemes) in training improves the interaction of athletes with the coach, facilitates the assimilation of the training material and thereby increases the motor density of the session. It is clear that the personality of the coach plays the leading role in the training process. From how competently he interacts with his athletes, how attentive to the, how uch he carries them into playing sports ultimately depends the result of his activities ad the success of the students. It is also very important attention to the success of young athletes with a mosaic form of Down syndrome. Promotion of football among them and their active encouragement for sportes success is a serious incentive form their further employment in football and increases the popularity not only of this sport, but also of a healthy lifestyle (AU)

[Dynamics of violations of intravascular platelet activity in rats during the formation of metabolic syndrome using fructose models].

Objective: To trace the development of disorders intravascular platelet activity in experimental form of the metabolic syndrome. The study included 61 rat male Wistar rats at the age of 2.5-3 months. Animals were divided into 2 groups: 32 rats were given free access to drink 10% solution of fructose for 8 weeks and 29 rats were the control group. The level of the total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLD cholesterol) and triglycerides were determined using colorimetric enzymatic method. The blood plasma content of endothelin-1 was determined by radioimmunoassay, thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1α)--by ELISA. The total content of nitrogen oxide metabolites was revealed in blood. Intravascular platelet activity was assessed using phase contrast microscopy. In terms of fructose load in rats simultaneously with the increase of body weight and the development of biochemical disorders that are characteristic for the metabolic syndrome, there comes a marked progressive increase in intravascular platelet activity [reduction of the number of discocytes from 81.0 ± 0.1 to 61.3 ± 0.2%, increase in the number of reactive platelets from 19.0 ± 0.1 to 38.7 ± 0.2%, an increase in the number of freely moving in the blood of small units from 2.4 ± 0.0 to 14.6 ± 0.1 per 100 free platelets, and of medium and large units (from 4 or more cells) from 0.1 ± 0.03 to 2.3 ± 0.06 per 100 free platelets], largely due to the increase (p < 0.01) of the synthesis of thromboxane B2 (from 145.9 ± 0.2 to 232.6 ± 0.7 pg/ml), endothelin-4 (from 6.9 ± 0.2 to 12.5 ± 0.4 pg/ml) and reduction (p < 0.01) of the generation of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (from 75.9 ± 0.2 to 62.3 ± 0.4 pg/ml), and the total amount of nitric oxide metabolites (from 27.9 ± 0.3 to 23.2 ± 0.1 mmol/l).

[Features aggregation erythrocytes and platelets in old rats experiencing regular exercise on a treadmill].

We estimated the age dynamics of aggregation properties of platelets and red blood cells in aged rats on the background of regular muscle loads. The study was performed on 26 male rats of 12 months of age, experience during the year, daily exercise. Control is represented by 91 healthy male rats: 30 individuals (12 months), 32 rats (18 months) and 29 rats (24 months). Applied biochemistry, hematology and statistical methods. The gradual increase in control observed with age, and the erythrocyte aggregation properties of platelets. In experimental animals observed retention of activity aggregation of platelets and red blood cells at a level close to the end during the whole period of regular muscle loads.

[Platelet functional activity in clinically healthy elderly].

The article contains the results of a study platelet aggregation in carefully selected clinically healthy elderly. The study was performed on 121 clinically healthy elderly people, leading a healthy lifestyle, and do not have metabolic, cancer and cardiovascular disease. We surveyed people between 61 and 74 years showed a significant weakening of antioxidant protection and increasing in platelet levels in their lipid peroxidation. Platelet aggregation in vitro with a variety of inducers in the elderly showed age-dependent gain. With increasing age in clinically healthy studied in vivo also noted a gradual increase in platelet aggregation. This led them to increase the blood levels of the active forms of platelets and the number of circulating aggregates of different sizes. There is reason to believe that revealed for the elderly increased activity of platelets in combination with the increase of subclinical disease, the progression of the aging process throughout the body and the effects of adverse environmental factors are important in the formation of conditions for increasing the risk of manifestation of cardiovascular disease.

Physiological Mechanisms of Visual Nonverbal Memory in 6-Year-Old Children.

Mechanisms of visual nonverbal memory were studied in 6-year-old children. Differences in the mechanisms of interhemispheric and intrahemispheric ratio of reactivity of sensor areas were observed in children with different mnemic abilities.

[The aggregation capacity of neutrophils in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia treated with fluvastatin].

AIM: To elucidate the aggregation capacity of neutrophils in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia treated with fluvastatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 middle-aged patients with grade 1-2 AH and dyslipidemia (risk 3). Control group included 26 age-matched healthy subjects. We estimated lipid composition, antioxidant protection, lipid peroxidation in plasma and neutrophils and their aggregation. All patients were given 40 mg fluvastatin at bedtime. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were evaluated before and 4, 16, 52 weeks after treatment. The results were treated by the Student's t-test. RESULTS: The patients showed enhanced neutrophil aggregation due to lipid imbalance in cell membranes, intense lipid peroxidation, and marked changes in carbohydrate composition of membrane glycoprotein receptors. Fluvastatin significantly improved lipid composition and peroxidation in plasma and neutrophils and caused positive dynamics in their aggregation due to optimization of glycoprotein receptors.

[Neuropsychological changes in cognitive function during the transition of the elderly in old].

The goal is to track changes in psychophysiological characteristics of cognitive functions associated with the transition of the elderly in the senile. 46 elderly people with a mean age of 70,5±1,7 years were surveyed. After 7 years remaining 25 people were re-examined. The method of time estimation of right - and left-brain reactions to various stimuli - visual, auditory, and cutaneous signals at rest and on the background of mental stress was applied. In non-survived subjects in the initial survey the indicators of right- and left-brain reactions were delayed, further slowing in response to mental stress, while survivors' reactions of both hemispheres were very active, and the mental load caused activation of both hemispheres. Re-examination of survivors conducted after 7 years has revealed they slow right- and left-brain reactions, while the mental load caused them already noticeable inhibition of the left hemisphere. Identified in the study positive correlation of cognitive resource in old age with survival of the individual to the senile age should be regarded as a manifestation of the physiological relationship of integrative properties of the brain and organism viability in ontogenesis. In this regard, the state of reactivity of the sensory areas of the brain can be considered as one of the indicators of the prognosis of survival of a person under a certain age.

[PLATELET AGGREGATION IN CLINICALLY HEALTHY PERSONS OF THE SECOND COMING OF AGE LIVING IN THE KURSK REGION].

This work is dedicated to the study of the aggregation of platelet activity in healthy persons the second coming of age. The study group included 146 clinically healthy people of the second coming of age, leading a healthy lifestyle and not having metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In healthy people of 36-45 years noted the lack of reliable antioxidant dynamics of platelets and levels of lipid peroxidation. Platelet aggregation with a range of inductors in people of 36-60 years confirmed the age-dependent increase of aggregation platelet function. After 45 years of age, the activity of platelet aggregative in healthy people increases gradually, leading to an increase in their blood platelet active forms, which inevitably leads to the increase in the number of circulating units of various sizes. This tendency is accompanied by painful with age, increasing negative impact of environmental factors, contributing to the realization of a genetic predisposition to various, primarily cardiovascular, diseases.

[The use of verospiron and the degree of platelet aggregation in arterial hypertension with abdominal obesity].

AIM: Comparative analysis of effects of hypothiazide and verospiron on platelet aggregation in patients with arterial hypertension and abdominal obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hypothiazide and verospiron were prescribed to 28 and 23 patients respectively for 16 weeks. The parameters estimated included dynamics of blood lipid profile, lipid peroxidation in plasma and platelets, antioxidant protection of the blood liquid fraction and platelets, platelet aggregation. The results were treated with the use of Student's t-test. RESULTS: Verospiron had positive influence on peroxidation syndrome and platelet aggregation. Its prolonged application maintained the achieved effect. Hypothiazide did not change the parameters of interest. CONCLUSION: Combined verospiron and non-medicamental therapy is recommended to reduce body mass in patients with arterial hypertension and abdominal obesity.

[Erythrocyte aggregation in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia treated with pravastatin].

The aim of the study was to evaluate effect of pravastatin therapy on erythrocyte aggregation in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia. It included 81 middle-aged patients with grade I-II AH (risk 3) and type IIb dyslipidemia. Control group consisted of 26 age-matched healthy subjects. 47 patients received pravastatin at a dose of 20 mg (in the evening) and 34 one were given placebo plus analapril (10 mg twice daily). Clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated before, 4, 12, and 52 weeks after therapy. Statistical analysis of the results was performed with the use of Student's t-test. The study demonstrated increased erythrocyte aggregation in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia, abnormal blood lipid spectrum and lipid composition of erythrocyte membranes, activation of lipid peroxidation. Pravastatin therapy during 52 weeks optimized the lipid composition and their peroxidation in plasma and erythrocytes; erythrocyte aggregation decreased. It is concluded that pravastatin therapy of AH with dyslipidemia during a year significantly decreases erythrocyte aggregation to the near-normal level.

[An association between human morphological phenotypical characteristics and the activity of chromosomal nucleolar organizer regions in the interphase cell nucleus in the population of indigenous people of Kursk region].

During the survey of 215 indigenous inhabitants of Kursk region, the activity of chromosomal nucleolar organizing regions (NOR) was examined in peripheral blood lymphocytes by a visual semiquantitative method based on silver salt impregnation (Howell W. M., 1975), and the general anthropometric indexes were determined. Significant differences in anthropometric indexes were identified among the groups with high, medium and low values of 10Ag NOR. It was established that with the increase of 10Ag NOR value in men, body mass and body mass index, waist girth and hip girth, waist-to-hip ratio and width of shoulders increased, while in women there was an increase in body mass, height, body mass index, hip girth and length of the legs.

[Dynamics of microrheologic properties of erythrocytes in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia treated with atorvastatin].

The aim of this work was to study the influence of atorvastatin, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, on microrheologic properties of erythrocytes in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia. 33 patients (mean age 52.8+-1.7 years) having grade I-II AH with type IIb dyslipidemia, risk 3 (DAGZ criteria. 2008) were compared with 26 age-matched healthy subjects. Atorvastatin therapy optimized blood lipid spectrum, lipid peroxidation, and lipid composition of erythrocyte membranes within 16 weeks after the onset. It decreased activated lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes due to enhanced antioxidant protection. The blood diskocyte level was normalized within 16 weeks of therapy. Simultaneously, the total number of reversibly and irreversibly altered erythrocytes decreased to the stable normal level. The total number and size of erythrocytes in an aggregate were also close to those in healthy subjects while the amount of unbound cells increased.

[Effect of therapy with diuretics on the functional activity of platelets in patients with arterial hypertension and abdominal obesity].

The aim of the study was to compare the influence of hypothiazide and indapamide on platelet aggregation in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and abdominal obesity (AO). 28 and 31 patients were given hypothiazide and indapamide respectively for 16 weeks. The following parameters were estimated: blood lipid spectrum lipid peroxidation in plasma and platelets, platelet aggregation. The data obtained were treated using Student's t-test. Hypothiazide was shown to have beneficial effect on peroxidation syndrome and optimize platelet aggregation. These effects were further promoted by long-term indapamide therapy. Hypothiazide had no effect on the above parameters. It is concluded that a combination of indapamide with non-medicamental factors is needed to reduce body weight in patients with AH and AO.

[Dynamics of primary hemostasis activity in patients with arterial hypertension and metabolic syndrome treated with candesartan].

The aim of the study was to elucidate normalizing effect of candesartan on disturbed thrombocytic hemostasis in patients with arterial hypertension and metabolic syndrome. The drug was given for 16 weeks to 31 patients in whom dynamics of lipid peroxidation in plasma and platelets, the antioxidative potential of candesartan, and parameters of thrombocytic hemostasis were assessed. Treatment with candesartan improved lipid peroxidation and primary hemostasis. It is expected that continuation of therapy following this scheme can stabilize the obtained effect.

[Primary hemostasis activity in patients with arterial hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance treated with trandolapril].

The study was designed to evaluate effect of trandolapril, an ACE inhibitor, on platelet aggregation in patients with arterial hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance. The drug was given to 38 patients for 12 weeks. The key end points were dynamics of the blood lipid spectrum, lipid peroxidation in plasma and platelets, antioxidative protection of the blood's liquid medium and platelets, platelet aggregation. The data obtained were treated using Student's t-test. They show that trandolapril exerts positive effect on peroxidation syndrome and reduces platelet aggregation.

[Pathogenetic aspects of arterial hypertension in metabolic syndrome].

Arterial hypertension (AH) remains a topical problem in modern cardiology. It increases the risk of angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, neurologic and psychic disorders. Causes, symptoms, criteria and method for the correction of AH in patients with metabolic syndrome are extensively investigated. However, disturbances of hemostasis and approaches to their efficacious correction in such patients remains unexplored.

Reactivity of the right and left hemispheres in 3.5-5-year-old children with different attention efficiency.

Here we present the analysis of age-specific and individual characteristics of sensory systems of the right and left hemispheres in preschool children. We studied the role of visual, auditory, and cutaneous sensory zones of the right and left hemispheres in 3.5-5-year-old children in the structure of functional systems realizing attention processes with different efficiency. Sensorimotor parameters reflecting the structure of functional systems at the perceptive level were identified. These data are helpful for diagnostics of the causes of low efficiency of cognition abilities.

[Reactance of analyzing areas of brain in the course of informative activity in elderly people].

The intellectual working capacity and indicators of time of reaction to visual, acoustical and skin signals in older persons were studied. Older persons have a decrease in efficiency of mental faculties and change in mechanisms of perception functions. The older persons demonstrate a decrease in basal level of reactance of touch areas. The visual area of the left hemisphere becomes "the leading" analyzer.

Activity of platelet hemostasis in children with spinal deformities.

An increase of adhesion and aggregation functions of platelets in vivo and in vitro was detected in 5-6-year-old children with scoliosis. These disorders were caused by hyperproduction of von Willebrand's factor in the vascular wall and intensification of thromboxane production in blood platelets. Activation of thromboxane formation is the main cause of platelet hyperactivity in children with scoliosis. Correction of platelet hemostasis may include pathogenetically substantiated complex of therapeutic exercises, swimming, and massage.