[2-dimensional ultrasonic scanning of the abdominal aorta in arterial hypertension patients]. / Dvukhmernoe ul'trazvukovoe skanirovanie briushnogo otdela aorty u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei.

The diagnostic value of two-dimensional ultrasonic scanning of the abdominal portion of the aorta was studied in 72 patients with arterial hypertension. Twenty-eight of these patients who presented no abnormalities by radiopaque and ultrasonic aortography served as control. The test group was comprised of the remaining 44 patients with symptomatic arterial hypertension associated with nonspecific aortoarteritis, atherosclerosis of the aorta and renal arteries and aortal malformation. Four major types of changes of the ultrasonic scanogram in cases of pathology of the abdominal portion of the aorta were identified. Ultrasonic aortography is a sufficiently informative method as compared to radiopaque aortography. The technique is relatively simple and has no contraindications for use. Ultrasonic scanning of the abdominal portion of the aorta should be conducted at the first stage of examination of patients with arterial hypertension.

[Use of dynamic scintigraphy, x-ray computed tomography, ultrasonic scanning of the kidneys and determination of the enzyme activity and beta 2-microglobulin levels of the blood and urine of arterial hypertension patients]. / Primenenie dinamicheskoi stsintigrafii, rentgenokomp'iuternoi tomografii, ul'trazvukovogo skanirovaniia pochek, opredeleniia aktivnosti fermentov i kontsentratsii beta 2-mikroglobulina v syvorotke i moche u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei.

A total of 59 patients aged 16-74 years with arterial hypertension (AH) were examined. The AH duration was from 0.5 to 28 years. In 42 patients AH was stable, 17 patients had the syndrome of malignant AH. X-ray computerized renal tomography (CRT), dynamic renal scintigraphy (DRS), ultrasonic renal scanning (URS) were used in the study, furthermore, the activities of enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, alanine aminopeptidase, arylsulfatase A), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) concentration were determined in the serum and urine. It has been found that combined use of the investigation methods largely increases diagnostic possibilities, significantly expands the data of such invasive procedures as excretory urography, aortography, renal biopsy, and in a number of cases it enables making the diagnosis without applying the invasive procedures. It is advisable to use URS and to determine the enzymatic activity and beta 2-MG concentration in the urine just at the first stage of examining the patients with AH (simultaneously with general clinical methods). When renal pathology is detected or suspected it is necessary to perform DRS. When voluminous process, "mute" kidney, cystic lesions, calculous chronic pyelonephritis are suspected CRT should be employed.

[Use of ultrasonic scanning of the kidneys and abdominal portion of the aorta in the diagnosis of certain forms of symptomatic arterial hypertension]. / Primenenie ul'trazvukovogo skanirovaniia pochek i briushnogo otdela aorty v diagnostike nekotorykh form simptomaticheskikh arterial'nykh gipertonii.

Ultrasonic scanning of the kidneys, abdominal aorta, and renal arteries was conducted in 2 patients with hypertensive disease and in 13 with symptomatic arterial hypertension. An ultrasonogram of a normal kidney and aorta was obtained, as well as ultrasonograms with changes recorded in pyelonephritis, polycystosis of the kidneys, atherosclerosis and panarteritis of the abdominal aorta and its branches. Ultrasonography is a noninvasive, informative method which does not harm the patient. It may be used in the diagnosis of some forms of symptomatic arterial hypertension associated with affection of the kidneys and abdominal aorta. Ultrasonic scanning is particularly valuable in the examination of patients for whom radiocontrast methods are contraindicated.

[Use of Visken-15 for treating hypertension]. / Primenenie Viskena-15 dlia lecheniia bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The hypotensive effect of visken-15, a blocking agent of the beta-adrenergic receptors, was studied in 7 patients with stage IB hypertensive disease, in 18 with stage IIA, and in 8 patients with stage IIB under conditions of in- and out-patient establishments. A favourable effect was produced in 81.5% of patients who were given one tablet of the drug once or twice a day. Treatment with visken-15 led to a decrease in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure, in the rate of cardiac contractions, and in the blood minute volume at rest, in the orthostatic position, and during physical load. Visken-15 is marked by low toxicity, it is tolerated well and seldom causes side effects. The drug is recommended for the treatment of patients with early stages of hypertensive disease.

[Effect of pyridoxylate on the intensity of changes in the internal organs and skeletal musculature of rats under considerable physical loading]. / Vliianie piridoksilata na vyrazhennost' izmenenii vnutrennoi organov i skeletnoi muskulatury krys pri znachitel'noi fizicheskoi nagruzke.

Under considerable physical load, marked enzymopathy, increased permeability of cellular membranes with the involvement of cellular and subcellular structures develop in the myocardium, skeletal musculature and viscera of rats. Administration of pyridozylate decreases the intensity of damage reactions and normalizes to a certain degree the structure of cellular and subcellular elements of tissues. This indicates the advisability of the employment of the cell respiration regulators under conditions of general and tissue hypoxy and metabolic shifts.

[Pyridoxylate treatment of athletes with chronic myocardial overexertion]. / Lechenie sportsmenov s khronicheskim perenapriazheniem miokarda piridoksilatom.

Twenty-five highly skilled athletes with chronic stage I or II myocardial overexertion were examined. It was established that pyridoxilate produced a good therapeutic effect despite the fact that the athletes went on with their sport activities. On the background of the treatment the ECG and the indices of cardio- and hemodynamics and gas exchange improved and the physical efficiency grew. No essential difference was found in the effectiveness of pyridoxilate when it was administered by different routes. Side-effects of treatment were not observed.

[Use of pyridoxylate for treating chronic coronary insufficiency]. / Primenenie piridoksilata dlia lecheniia bol'nykh s khronicheskoi koronarnoi nedostatochnost'iu

A total of 49 patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease (38 of whom had previously survived myoca dial infarction) were treated with Piridoxylate administered intramuscularly and orally. The treatment resulted in an improvement of the state of 2/3 of the patients, positive ECG shifts, improvements of cardio- and haemodynamics at rest and under physical exercises. In half of the patients an increased tolerance of physical exercises was noted. No side-effects of Piridoxylate therapy were observed.

[Myocardial changes in rats after considerable physical exertion and the effect of pyridoxilate on the severity of these changes]. / Izmeneniia miokarda u krys pri znachitel'noi fizicheskoi nagruzke i vliianie piridoksilata na vyrazhennost' etikh izemenii

Under significant physical exercises the myocardium of rats displays distinct enzymopathy, increased permeability of the cell membranes with a considerable dispersion of plasma proteins and damage to the ultrastructures of the myocytes. The employment of pyridoxilate reduces the severity of the damaging reaction, and to some extent normalizes the structure of the cellular and sub-cellular elements of the myocardium. This indicates to the prospects of using the regulators of cellular respiration under total and tissue hypoxia.

Effects of propranolol on haemodynamic changes and gas exchange at rest, in orthostasis, and on exercise in patients with arterial hypertension.

The effects of propranolol on the circulation and respiration were studied in 38 patients with essential hypertension and symptomatic renal hypertension. The hypotensive effect of propranolol was associated with decrease in the cardiac index and heart rate; the peripheral vascular resistance moderately increased, and the circulating blood volume and haematocrit value showed no essential changes. Besides, a prolongation of the pre-ejection period, the decrease of intrasystolic index, an increase in the myocardial wall-tension index, and a retardation of the elevation rate of the intraventricular pressure were observed. After propranolol medication, on transition into the vertical position the heart rate showed a less marked acceleration; the remaining haemodynamic parameters changed in orthostasis as they had done before the treatment. After propranolol medication, on exercise the systolic and mean arterial pressures, heart rate, and cardiac output exhibited lesser increases than before the treatment, whereas the circulating blood volume, diasolic pressure, and peripheral vascular resistance increased just as they had done before the treatment. At rest, during propranolol medication there appeared a certain tendency to decreased oxygen uptake; in orthostasis the degree of increase in oxygen uptake did not change by the action of propranolol. Besides, propranolol did not alter the blood-plasma levels of lactic acid and pyruvate at rest and did not essentially change the oxygen uptake during exercise. The level of lactic acid and the lactate/pyruvate quotient in plasma during exercise increased slightly less after than without propranolol.

[Use of gutimine for treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency]. / Primenenie gutimina dlia lecheniia bol'nykh s khronicheskoi koronarnoi nedostatochnost'iu

The therapeutic effect of an antihypoxic drug--Gutimine--was studied in 30 patients with chronic coronary insufficiency. The effect of gutimine on the adaptation for physical exercises connected with motor hypoxy in 5 normal individuals was used as control. The treatment with Gutimine resulted in a clear subjective improvement (less frequent and less intense anginal attacks) in 2/3 of the patients with chronic coronary insufficiency. Objective signs of improvement (positive ECG shifts, phases of the left ventricular systole and hemodynamics; increased tolerance of physical exercises) after Gutimine therapy were noted only in 4 patients who had a comparatively mild course of their disease and less distinct sclerotic changes in the myocardium. When Gutimine was used in normals, significant improvement of their capacity for work was noted, as well as an improvement of their cardiovascular functions and gas exchange parameters during "extreme" exercises. The positive effect of Gutimine was more distinct after 1-2 weeks of its administration. Side effects were absent.

[Effect of propranolol on hemodynamic shifts and respiration during physical exertion in patients with hypertensive disease]. / Vliianie propranolola na gemodinamicheskie sdvigi i dykhanie pri fizicheskoi nagruzke u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu

An examination of 25 patients with hypertensive disease of the I-II stage proved that following propranolol treatment the systolic and mean arterial pressure, the rate of cardiac contractions and the minute blood volume accrue on physical effort to a lesser extent, and the circulation time, diastolic pressure and peripheral resistance ot the blood flow-to the same degree as before the medication. Changes in the phasic structure of the left ventricle of the heart in physical exertion are less marked than they were prior to the treatment. Propranolol does not materially change the level of the oxygen consumption on effort; the lactic acid level and the ratio lactate/pyruvate in the blood rise against the background of the medication with this drug to a some-what lesser degree than before the treatment.