Sealing Ability of Different Obturating Techniques in Apically Separated Rotary Files: An In Vitro Study.

Aim: Testing whether two sealant systems (cold laterally compacted gutta-percha and Obtura II) can be used with extraction across two apically separated rotational nickel-titanium files was the primary objective of this study (RACE and K3). Materials and Methods: Both the positive and negative control teeth were randomly distributed among 62 mandibular premolars to create two groups of 30 each. Following the RACE and K3 approaches, four subgroups were created from the roots. Subgroups A1, B1, and A2, B2 (n = 10 each) were formed in the apical thirds of the canal at 3 mm from the tip. There was no division of instruments between groups A3, B3, B4, and A4. When it came to obturation, the Obtura II method was used for A2, A4, B2, B4, and A1, A3. A dye extraction process was employed to determine whether the specimens had been obliterated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Student t test (two-tailed, independent), and Leven's test were used to ascertain the values for each of the study groups. Results: Group A1 had a substantially lower leakage rate than group B1. Groups A2, B2 and A3, B3 had no statistically significant differences. Group A4 had a substantially lower leakage rate than group B4. Conclusion: Even when the cracked NiTi rotary system was not present, Obtura II-obturated groups had less leakage than the lateral condensation approach.

Comparative evaluation of removal of smear layer using newer rotary endodontic files: A scanning electron microscope study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the smear layer removal efficacy of newer rotary files using scanning electron microscopic analysis at the coronal, middle, and apical third of the root canal. Materials and Methods: In this study, sixty permanent human single-rooted teeth with complete, mature root apices without any anatomic variation having straight patent root canal extracted for periodontal cause were included. The samples were cleaned to remove debris, calculus and rinsed with sodium hypochlorite to remove organic tissue and then stored in distilled water. All the samples were decoronated with the help of carborundum disc at root length of 12 mm to obtain segments similar in length. After this, all the samples were randomly divided into four groups -Protaper universal, Protaper Gold, EDM, and Revo-S. After cleaning and shaping, samples in each group were finally flushed with normal saline. Samples were then dried. Grooves were made into the root in the buccal and lingual portion of the root using a diamond bur and the samples were split longitudinally into two halves using stainless steel chisel and mallet. Preparation for scanning electron microscope was done and phototmicrographs at ×3000 were taken. Result: Chi square test and Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. Result of this study showed that Revo -S was found to be best amongst the groups and EDM was the poorest. Conclusions: Based on the present study, Revo-S files showed the best smear layer removal in the coronal, middle, and apical 1/3rd of the root canal when compared to other groups. Within the parameters of the study, Revo -S was found to be best amongst the groups and EDM was the poorest. The quality of various files according to ranks of smear layer removal was found to be: Group IV > Group II > Group I > Group III.

Effect of three newer generation rotary files on smear layer removal using fumaric acid as an irrigant: A SEM study.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of the smear layer removal with Fumaric acid when used in combination with new generation files Hyflex Electrical Discharge Machining (HEDM) file, Neoendo file, and Blueflex file. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted mandibular premolars with single-canal were selected for this study. Radiographs were taken to confirm the presence of single canal and absence of any type of calcifications, resorption, cracks, and fractures. The teeth were decoronated to a standardized length of 12 mm and working length was determined with ISO #15 K file. After this, teeth were randomly divided into 2 main groups - Control and Experimental group. In Control group, root canal instrumentation was performed with Neoendo, Blueflex, and HEDM files, respectively, along with 1 ml of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and in Experimental group, root canal instrumentation was performed with Neoendo, Blueflex, and HEDM files, respectively, along with 1 ml of 0.7% fumaric acid for 1 min. Longitudinal grooves were prepared with slow-speed silicon carbide disc on the buccal and lingual surfaces of each root. Preparation for scanning electron microscope was done and phototmicrographs at ×3000 were taken. Statistical Analysis: The results were analyzed using ANOVA test for comparison of smear layer scores among various groups and Tukey's HSD test was used for paired comparisons of total smear layer scores. Conclusions: On the basis of the present study, Blue flex file along with fumaric acid was found to be best among the groups and Neo endo along with EDTA was the poorest.

Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices among the Health-Care Professionals: A Questionnaire-Based Survey.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to determine the oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices among the health-care workers (HCWs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present questionnaire-based survey among 473 HCW comprising of doctors, nurses, pharmacists, technicians, and interns was carried out to know the oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices among different HCW. Responses were recorded and data were assessed through descriptive statistics and by applying analysis of variance, Chi-square, and z-tests. RESULTS: Maximum of doctors (98.7%), nurses (80.4%), interns (73.3%), pharmacists (70.8%), and technicians (67.1%) responded correctly that oral health is related to systemic health followed by treating a decayed tooth is equally important as treating other body ailments. Doctors revealed higher mean knowledge scores in comparison with other HCW. A significant difference is noted with regard to frequency of dental visit (P = 0.000), reason behind dental visit (P = 0.001), and barrier for not visiting the dentist (P = 0.013) among males and females. Similarly, a significant difference is noted with regard to frequency of dental visit (P = 0.001), dentist familiarizing about the treatment (P = 0.001), and his concern about the patients (P = 0.001) among between different HCW. CONCLUSION: From the results of the present study, a variation in oral health knowledge was observed among different HCW. All the participants showed a positive attitude toward professional dental care.