Diagnostic value of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for predicting the pathological grade of prostate cancer.

This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of relevant parameters of 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 PET/CT in predicting the pathological grade of primary prostate cancer. Briefly, a prospective analysis was performed on 53 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by systematic puncture biopsy, followed by 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT examination prior to treatment within 10 d. The patients were grouped in accordance with the Gleason grading system revised by the International Association of Urology Pathology (ISUP). They were divided into high-grade group (ISUP 4-5 group) and low-grade group (ISUP 1-3 group). The differences in maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), intraprostatic PSMA-derived tumor volume (iPSMA-TV), and intraprostatic total lesion PSMA (iTL-PSMA) between the high- and low-grade group were statistically significant (p < .001). No significant difference was found for mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) between the high- and low-grade groups (Z = -1.131, p = .258). Besides, binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only iPSMA-TV and iTL-PSMA were independent predictors of the pathological grading, for which the odds ratios were 18.821 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.040-173.614, p = .010] and 0.758 (95% CI: 0.613-0.938, p = .011), respectively. The area under the ROC of this regression model was 0.983 (95% CI: 0.958-1.00, p < .001). Only iTL-PSMA was a significant parameter for distinguishing ISUP-4 and ISUP-5 groups (Z = -2.043, p = .041). In a nutshell, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT has good application value in predicting the histopathological grade of primary prostate cancer. Three-dimensional volume metabolism parameters iPSMA-TV and iTL-PSMA were found to be independent predictors for pathological grade.

Scavenger receptor class a, member 3 is associated with severity of hand, foot, and mouth disease in a case-control study.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) spreads rapidly and has been recognized as a public health problem in recent years in China. Unfortunately, there is no effective vaccine or antiviral drug currently for EV71 infection. In this study, we aim to identify biomarker which are associated with for severity of EV71 infection cases using high-throughput RNA sequencing approach.RNA sequencing of samples from severe HFMD (S) patients group (n = 10) and control HFMD (C) patients group (n = 10) were performed and the results were verified by qPCR. mRNA with the highest expression level was selected to be validated in an independent cohort comprising of 45 severe EV71 infected patients and 45 control by qPCR assay.Seventeen significant differentially expressed genes were identified. Scavenger receptor class A, member 3 (SCARA3) was one of the significantly upregulated genes with the highest expression level and was selected for validation. The mean relative expression levels in severe HFMD and control HFMD patients were 10.1-fold and 5.0-fold, respectively, P value <.001.We found that SCARA3 is associated with severity of HFMD, and it may be a potential prognostic marker to predict the HFMD progression in EV71 infected patients.

Role of endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in erectile dysfunction of diabetic rats / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in erectile dysfunction of diabetic rats.METHODS:Type 2 diabetic rat model was established by 4 weeks of high-fat diet plus a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and continued high-fat diet feeding for 8 weeks.Corpus cavernosum was isolated from the rats under anesthetization,and the endothelium-dependent relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh) was tested in an organ chamber to reflect erectile function.The level of ADMA in serum was detected.The NOS activity,nitric oxide (NO) content and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in corpus cavernosum were measured.The protein expression of ADMA-NOS-NO pathway-related molecules and phosphodiesteras 5 (PDES) in the corpus cavernosum was detected by Western blot.Superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content were analyzed to evaluate oxidative stress.RESULTS:Elevated blood glucose and lowered insulin sensitivity were observed in the diabetic rats,indicating that type 2 diabetic rat model was successfully established.Compared with control group,the relaxation response to ACh of corpus cavernosum from diabetic rats was significantly decreased,which was accompanied with the elevation of serum ADMA level and reduction of NOS activity,NO content and cGMP content in the corpus cavernosum.The protein expression of ADMA-generating enzyme protein arginine methyltransferase 1 was up-regulated,while ADMA-metabolic enzymes dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases 1 and 2,and ADMA-targeting enzymes endothelial NOS and neuronal NOS were down-regulated.The protein expression of PDE5 was up-regulated,accompanied with an increase in oxidative stress in the corpus cavemosum of diabetic rats.Incubation of isolated corpus cavernosum from normal rats with NOS inhibitor ADMA induced the similar relaxation dysfunction of corpus cavemosum response to ACh and decreased NO and cGMP contents in diabetic rats.CONCLUSION:Elevated endogenous NOS inhibitor ADMA plays an important role in erectile dysfunction of diabetic rats.The underlying mechanism may be related to the reduction of NO production and the increase in oxidative stress.

Role of endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in erectile dysfunction of diabetic rats / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in erectile dysfunction of diabetic rats.METHODS:Type 2 diabetic rat model was established by 4 weeks of high-fat diet plus a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and continued high-fat diet feeding for 8 weeks.Corpus cavernosum was isolated from the rats under anesthetization,and the endothelium-dependent relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh) was tested in an organ chamber to reflect erectile function.The level of ADMA in serum was detected.The NOS activity,nitric oxide (NO) content and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in corpus cavernosum were measured.The protein expression of ADMA-NOS-NO pathway-related molecules and phosphodiesteras 5 (PDES) in the corpus cavernosum was detected by Western blot.Superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content were analyzed to evaluate oxidative stress.RESULTS:Elevated blood glucose and lowered insulin sensitivity were observed in the diabetic rats,indicating that type 2 diabetic rat model was successfully established.Compared with control group,the relaxation response to ACh of corpus cavernosum from diabetic rats was significantly decreased,which was accompanied with the elevation of serum ADMA level and reduction of NOS activity,NO content and cGMP content in the corpus cavernosum.The protein expression of ADMA-generating enzyme protein arginine methyltransferase 1 was up-regulated,while ADMA-metabolic enzymes dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases 1 and 2,and ADMA-targeting enzymes endothelial NOS and neuronal NOS were down-regulated.The protein expression of PDE5 was up-regulated,accompanied with an increase in oxidative stress in the corpus cavemosum of diabetic rats.Incubation of isolated corpus cavernosum from normal rats with NOS inhibitor ADMA induced the similar relaxation dysfunction of corpus cavemosum response to ACh and decreased NO and cGMP contents in diabetic rats.CONCLUSION:Elevated endogenous NOS inhibitor ADMA plays an important role in erectile dysfunction of diabetic rats.The underlying mechanism may be related to the reduction of NO production and the increase in oxidative stress.

Changes of mean platelet volume, fibrinogen content and blood rheology in peripheral blood of youth patients with cerebral infarction / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to explore the correlation of mean platelet volume (MPV), fibrinogen (FIB) and blood rheology with the youth patients with cerebral infarction, so as to provide the basis for the clinical early diagnosis and treatment. The 109 patients with cerebral infarction aged between 18 - 45 were divided into three group: the large (> 10 cm(3)), middle (4 - 10 cm(3)) and small (< 4 cm(3)) area infarction; 30 healthy persons were served as control group. All the four groups were subjected to 16 examinations, such as MPV, FIB, and rheology (Lηb, Mηb, Hηb, ηp, Lηr, Mηr, Hηr, KVE, EAI, ERI, EDI, EEI, HCT, ESR). The results showed that all the MPV, FIB and rheology indexes of the different infarction groups were higher than those of healthy control group (P < 0.05). The MPV, FIB and rheology indexes in the large area infarction group were all higher than those in the small area infarction group (P < 0.05). The indexes of MPV, FIB and rheology in the various cerebral infarction area groups obviously decreased, but those did not reach to the level in the healthy control group (P < 0.05). The MPV, FIB content and rheology level correlated with infarction areas (r = 0.36, 0.29 and 0.48, respectively). It is concluded that the serious intensity of youth patients with cerebral infarction positively correlated with the levels of MPV, FIB and rheology indexes. Regular examination of above mentioned index may be useful to prevent youth patients from cerebral infraction.