Report of two cases of recurrent scalp dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and literature review.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) are rare malignant skin tumor, and scalp DFSP is even lesser than 5% of all DFSP, therefore, being seldom reported. We recently treated two cases of recurrent scalp DFSPs. One was a 38-year-old male, who accept lumpectomy for the first time; however, it recurred 9 months later. We then performed a wide excision resulting in no recurrence in the subsequent 4 years. Another patient was a 26-year-old female, who accept an in situ tumorectomy for the first time, and 2 years later; the recurrent mass became 9 × 9 cm in size. We gave her another operation, but only 3 months later local recurrence appeared. For the both cases, we collected their case histories, intraoperative findings, pathologic detections, and follow-up results, all of which may help the dermatologists to extend knowledge about this rare disease. Moreover, an exhaustive review of the literature is included with emphasis on diagnosis, different diagnosis and treatments.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the jugular foramen.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease of neoplastic proliferation of monocyte-macrophage system. Although LCH can affect almost any organ, solitary involvement of jugular foramen is extremely rare and can present a diagnostic dilemma because of its rarity at this location. Here, we present the case of an adult patient with LCH affecting the jugular foramen, and review the relevant literature.

Large vestibular schwannoma resection through the suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to retrospectively study the outcomes of large vestibular schwannoma resection through the suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach and emphasize technical details and advantages of surgical resection of large vestibular schwannomas via this approach. METHODS: From January 2010 to September 2012, 37 consecutive patients (16 men and 21 women) with vestibular schwannoma, 4 cm or greater, received surgical resection through the suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach in our department. Clinical records, radiographic findings, operative summaries, and follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The mean age of these patients was 45.1 ± 11.6 years. Thirty-six patients underwent primary keyhole surgical removal, and 1 underwent surgery for residual tumor after gamma knife. Gross total tumor removal was accomplished in 35 patients (94.6%), near total resection in 1 (2.7%), and subtotal resection in 1 patient (2.7%). The facial nerve was anatomically intact in all 37 patients (100%). Facial nerve function was assessed in 6 to 12 months after operation. Good function (House-Brackmann facial nerve grade I-II) was present in 81.1% of the patients, whereas acceptable function (grade III) was present in 11.1%. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage that required surgical intervention occurred in only 5.4% of the patients, and meningitis occurred in 8.1%. In addition, 3 patients (8.1%) had hydrocephalus requiring a temporary ventricular diversion. There were no deaths. CONCLUSIONS: The suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach is a valid choice for removing large vestibular schwannomas. Through this approach, cerebellopontine angle can be effectively exposed. Skills to protect facial nerve and extensive experience in microsurgical techniques can significantly improve the total resection rate and postoperative facial nerve function. The authors recommend this approach for patients with vestibular schwannomas larger than 3 to 4 cm.

Hedgehog signaling pathway and tumors / 国际肿瘤学杂志

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays a central important role during embryo development of vertebrate,which participates in regulation of multiple basic life processes including cell proliferation,differentiation and tissue patterning.In normal adult physiology,the pathway is implicated in stem cell maintenance,tissue repair and regeneration.By now,more and more researches have been indicated that the Hh signaling pathway is related to the tumor growth promoting and survival capabilities.

rIL-2,TNF-?,IFN-? and anti-CD3/anti-glioma bispecific antibodies cooper atively enhancing T lymphocytes' cytotoxicity against human glioma cells / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: : To observe whether cytokines rIL 2,TNF ?,I FN ? and anti CD3/anti glioma bispecific antibody(BsAb) can work coordinately, and to investigate how to further enhance cytotoxicity of T lymphocyte against human glioma cells by BsAb. Methods: There were 12 groups,contr ast method were used to analyze the effect of cytokines rIL 2,TNF ?,IFN ? to cytoxicity directed by BsAb by single and combined experiments. Cytotoxicity was assayed by standard 18 h 3H TdR incorporation release. Resul ts: rIL 2,TNF ?,IFN ? and BsAb could cooperatively enhance the cy totoxicity of effect cells( P

Expression of PTN gene in glioma, hepatoma and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To investigate the role of pleiotrophin (PTN) gene in carcino genesis using cDNA microarray and in situ hybridization. Methods:The expression of PTN gene in 5 cases of glioma, 10 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, 6 cases of hepatocarcinoma, and normal controls were detected by BioDoor 4096 type cDNA microarray and in situ hybridization. Results: The expression of PTN gene in carcinoma samples were significantly higher than in normal controls by cDNA microarray, the results was the same as by in situ hybridization. Conclusion: cDNA microarray is an effective technique in analysis of functional study of associated genes in carcinoma. High expression of PTN gene might be correlated with mechanism of multiple carcinoma. [

Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure in dogs with intracerebral hematoma induced intracranial hypertension / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To evaluate the influence of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in dogs with or without intracranial hypertension caused by frontal intracerebral hematoma. Methods Eighteen dogs were randomly divided into three groups. In Group B and Group C, the intracranial hypertension was respectively higher than 25 mmHg but less than 40 mmHg and higher than 40 mmHg induced by autoblood clotting injection into the right frontal lobe, while Group A as control was of normal intracranial pressure. PEEP was applied in increment of 3 cmH2O from 0 to 18 cmH2O, each level lasting 20 min. The intracranial pressure (ICP) was monitored by an optical fiber transducer implanted into left frontal lobe. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and central venous pressure (CVP) were recorded simultaneously. Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) was calculated by the equation (CPP=MAP-ICP). Results With increasing PEEP level, ICP increased and CPP fell in Group A; ICP fell, MAP and CPP increased in Group B; ICP fell, MAP and CPP increased in Group C. CVP increased in all groups, and the increment was significantly higher in Group C than the other two groups (P

Testification and immunoactivity assay of anti-CD3/anti-glioma bispecific antibody and its effect on T lymphocyte cells / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To study bidirectional binding ability and immunoactivity of anti-CD3/anti-glioma bispecific antibodies(BsAb) , and to study its effect on T lymphocytes cells. Methods: Elution from standardized gel column and immnuohistochemical method were used to testify the relative molecular mass of the compound. ELISA method was used to detect its bidirectional immunoactivity and potential T lymphocytes' cytotoxicity. Phenotype and shape of T lymphocytes were also observed. Results: The relative molecular mass of the compound was 110 000, and it combined with both T lymphocytes and glioma cells.Immunoactivity assay showed the compound had good bidirectional immunoactivity. It also enhanced T lympocytes anti-tumor activity. Immunoactivity of BsAb combining with T lymphocytes was 1∶32 000, and combining with glioma cells was 1∶8 000;In phenotypes, CD3 + cells were the major one when cultivated with BsAb/IL-2, CD8 + cells increased gradually with cultivation time. Conclusion: These compounds are bispecific antibodies with bidirectional combining activity to T lymphocytes and glioma cells, they also have bidirectional immunoactivity and can activate T lymphocytes