RESUMO
Age estimation is a fundamental competence of Forensic Anthropologists and Odontologists. The London Atlas is a dental development chart by AlQahtani et al. (2010) that gained recent notoriety due to its applicability in forensic scenarios. This study aimed to answer, by a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis, the following question: "on average, what is the deviation between real and estimated ages, when applying the London Atlas method in sub-adults?". This study was carried out according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Five electronic databases were screened (PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS), and active search was carried out. The quality assessment was performed by means of Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools for Systematic Reviews. The initial search resulted in 1021 studies, from which 24 filled the inclusion criteria. For the meta-analysis, 17 studies provided sufficient data. Out of these, eleven studies enabled meta-analysis of mean absolute difference values. Standardized mean differences were 0.02 years for MD and 0.78 for MAD. Analysis of subgroups was also accomplished by sex, and did not indicated heterogeneity between males and females. The London Atlas is an accurate age estimation method, presenting acceptable error and bias values worldwide. Despite the high heterogeneity of the studies, majority of studies presented a low risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed a non-significant and slight tendency of overestimating age, in total. Sub-group analysis showed modestly better results for boys than girls.
Assuntos
Odontologia Legal , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , LondresRESUMO
O conhecimento do Código de Ética Odontológica pelos acadêmicos é relevante na sua formação, pois os conflitos éticos na prática profissional são recorrentes e tem sido observado um aumento nas denúncias relacionadas a infrações éticas nos Conselhos Regionais de Odontologia. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre o Código de Ética Odontológica por alunos do último ano de Odontologia do Estado do Amazonas. A pesquisa foi realizada em Manaus, por meio de um questionário contendo quinze situações a serem analisadas a luz do Código de Ética Odontológica. Participaram quatro diferentes cursos de graduação, totalizando 257 alunos. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. A questão com maior quantidade de erros, 56%, foi em relação à publicidade e propaganda. E a questão com maior quantidade de acertos, 97%, foi referente à emissão de atestado falso. Pode-se concluir que os alunos possuem conhecimento sobre o Código de Ética Odontológica, com uma média de 73% de acertos
The knowledge of the Code of Ethics in Dentistry by undergraduate students is necessary since ethical issues in dental practice routinely happen. There has been an increase in complaints about ethical infractions in the Regional Councils of Dentistry. The objective was to evaluate the knowledge about the Code of Ethics in Dentistry by students in Amazonas State. The research was conducted in Manaus with a questionnaire with 15 questions, about situations implicating the Code of Ethics. A total of 4 schools and 257 students answered the questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The question that got the worst result was concerning marketing and publicity (56% incorrect answers). And the issue about false medical certificates obtained 97% of correct answers. In general, it can be concluded that the students have acceptable knowledge about the Code of Ethics, evidencing an average of 73% of correct answers
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of different ultrasonic tip designs on intraradicular post removal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The crowns of forty human canine teeth were removed, and after biomechanical preparation and filling, the roots were embedded in acrylic resin blocks. The post spaces were made, and root canal molding was performed with self-cured acrylic resin. After casting (Cu-Al), the posts were cemented with zinc phosphate cement. The specimens were randomly separated into 4 groups (n = 10), as follows: G1 - no ultrasonic vibration (control); G2 - ultrasonic vibration using an elongated cylindrical-shaped and active rounded tip; G3 - ultrasonic vibration with a flattened convex and linear active tip; G4 - ultrasonic vibration with active semicircular tapered tip. Ultrasonic vibration was applied for 15 seconds on each post surface and tensile test was performed in a Universal Testing Machine (Instron 4444 - 1 mm/min). RESULTS: G4 presented the highest mean values, however, with no statistically significant difference in comparison to G3 (P > 0.05). G2 presented the lowest mean values with statistically significant difference to G3 and G4 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonic vibration with elongated cylindrical-shaped and active rounded tip was most effective in reducing force required for intraradicular post removal.