Isolation of the Antifungal Compound Alliodorin from the Heartwood of Cordia elaeagnoides A. DC. and the In Silico Analysis of the Laccase.

Cordia elaeagnoides A. DC. is an endemic species of Mexico valued for its timber. Renowned for its durability, resistance, and versatile applications in medicine, this tree holds significant commercial importance. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) extract from the heartwood of C. elaeagnoides was studied. Through chromatographic column purification, the compound 8-(2,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2,6-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal, also known as alliodorin, was successfully isolated. Identification of alliodorin was confirmed through comprehensive analysis utilizing NMR, IR, and mass spectrometry techniques. Inhibition tests were conducted using both the THF extract and alliodorin against the rotting fungus Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, employing the agar well diffusion assay. Remarkably, alliodorin exhibited 100% inhibition with a median lethal concentration of 0.079 mg/mL and a total lethal concentration of 0.127 mg/mL, in comparison to the commercial fungicide benomyl, which requires a concentration of 1 mg/mL. In silico analysis through molecular docking on the laccase enzyme was proposed in order to explain the inhibitory activity against the fungus T. versicolor, as this enzyme is one of the main sources of nutrients and development for the fungus. Based on these findings, we deduced that alliodorin holds promise as a potent antifungal agent, potentially applicable in a wide array of technological and environmentally friendly initiatives.

Hearing results with combination steroid therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

BACKGROUND: Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss was described by Mc. Cabe in 1979 and, since then, many authors have tried to define, explain and correctly treat this disease. The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders defines it as sudden sensorineural hearing loss of at least 30 dB in three contiguous audiometric frequencies in a period of 72 hours. Among the therapeutic strategies, corticosteroids have been shown to have the greatest benefit due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-cellular stress effects. OBJECTIVE: To determine the hearing results with combined steroid therapy in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), according to the Siegel recovery criteria scale. METHOD: Study carried out in the otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery service of the Centro Médico Naval, Ciudad de México, where 150 patients diagnosed with SSHL and who received combined therapy with intratympanic dexamethasone and systemic prednisone were included. RESULTS: Therapeutic effectiveness was demonstrated by correlating therapeutic success in 82% of cases and therapeutic failure in 18% of cases, by correlating it with the Siegel recovery criteria scale. When evaluating the general average of the pure tone average levels at the beginning and 6 weeks after treatment, a statistically significant difference was obtained (p = 0.001). The average of the speech audiometry at the beginning and 6 weeks later had a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Initial combined steroid treatment for SSHL has been shown to have beneficial results according to Siegel recovery criteria scale.

ANTECENDENTES: La Hipoacusia Neurosensorial Súbita Idiopática fue descrita por Mc. Cabe en 1979 y, desde entonces, muchos autores han tratado de definir, explicar y tratar correctamente esta enfermedad. El Nacional Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders la define como pérdida auditiva neurosensorial brusca de al menos 30 dB en tres frecuencias audiométricas contiguas en un periodo de 72 horas. Entre las estrategias terapéuticas, los corticosteroides han demostrado tener mayor beneficio por sus efectos antiinflamatorios y antiestrés celular. OBJETIVO: Determinar los resultados auditivos con la terapia de esteroides combinados en pacientes con hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita idiopática (HNSI), de acuerdo a la escala de criterios de recuperación de Siegel. MÉTODO: Estudio realizado en el servicio de otorrinolaringología y cirugía de cabeza y cuello del Centro Médico Naval, en Ciudad de México, en el que se incluyeron 150 pacientes con diagnóstico de HNSI y que recibieron terapia combinada con dexametasona intratimpánica y prednisona sistémica. RESULTADOS: Se demostró una efectividad terapéutica al correlacionar el éxito terapéutico en el 82% de los casos y un fracaso terapéutico en el 18% de los casos según la escala de criterios de recuperación de Siegel. Al evaluar el promedio general de los niveles de promedio de tonos puros al inicio y 6 semanas posterior al tratamiento se obtuvo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.001). El promedio de las logoaudiometrías al inicio y 6 semanas posterior al tratamiento tuvo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento combinado con esteroides de manera inicial para la HNSI ha demostrado tener resultados benéficos de acuerdo con la escala de criterios de recuperación de Siegel.

Effectiveness of endoscopy in cochlear implantation.

OBJECTIVE: Determine the effectiveness of endoscopy in cochlear implantation as compared to microscopy. METHOD: Study comparing microscopy and endoscopy in cochlear implant placement in 34 patients (23 endoscopic implants and 20 implants via microscopy), between 2014 and 2019, at the Centro Medico Naval, Mexico City. The study was performed under informed consent and according to the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS). RESULTS: Of the 34 patients, 12 were children or adolescents and 22 were adults. The visualization of the round window classified via microscopy per St. Thomas Hospital's classification showed that type IIB prevailed in 30.2% of patients, and type III in 41.9%, and when using the endoscope, the round window was observed in full in 82.6% of patients (type I), and type IIA was only observed in 17.4% (four patients). The number of attempts made to place the cochlear implant was greater with the microscope. The time to insertion of the electrode was 1.6 minutes. No differences were observed (p > 0.05) in the number of inpatient days. Cochleostomy was more frequent when using the microscope. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopy is an effective resource in cochlear implantation for posterior tympanotomy, with no complications observed, offering greater safety in inserting the electrode through the round window.

OBJETIVO: Determinar la efectividad de la endoscopía en la implantación coclear en comparación con la técnica microscópica. MÉTODO: Se comparó la microscopía frente a la endoscopía en la colocación de implante coclear en 34 pacientes (23 endoscópicos y 20 microscópicos), del año 2014 al año 2019, en el Centro Médico Naval de la Ciudad de México. El estudio se realizó bajo consentimiento informado y apegado a las normas del Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences. RESULTADOS: De los 34 pacientes, 12 eran niños o adolescentes y 22 eran adultos. La visualización de la ventana redonda fue clasificada con microscopio según la clasificación del St. Thomas Hospital, predominando la tipo IIB (30.2%) y la III (41.9%), y al utilizar el endoscopio se observó completa en el 82.6% (tipo I) y tipo IIA en tan solo el 17.4% (cuatro pacientes). El número de intentos en la colocación del implante coclear fue mayor con el microscopio. El tiempo en el que se insertó el electrodo fue de 1.6 minutos. No hubo diferencias (p > 0.05) en la estancia hospitalaria. Fue más frecuente la cocleostomía cuando se uso el microscopio. CONCLUSIONES: La endoscopía es un instrumento efectivo en la implantación coclear por timpanotomía posterior, sin presentarse complicaciones y dando mayor seguridad para insertar el electrodo por la ventana redonda.

Binary adsorption isotherms of methylene blue and crystal violet on mandarin peels: prediction via detailed multivariate calibration and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

The multicomponent adsorption of synthetic dyes has great relevance in the treatment of effluents due to the complexity of the adsorbate-adsorbent interactions. Therefore, this study provides useful information about the adsorption capacity of methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) in a bioadsorbent (mandarin peels) in a single-component and competitive system using detailed multivariate calibration analysis. The PLS1 multivariate calibration model was used to quantify the adsorbates. In mono and two-component systems, the adsorption capacity of CV (1.26-1.36 mg g-1) was superior when compared to MB (0.925-0.913 mg g-1), characterizing synergistic adsorption for CV and antagonistic adsorption for MB. The Sips model was effective for describing single-component systems, suggesting that adsorption did not occur in the monolayer. For competitive adsorption, modified, unmodified, and extended models were used to understand the interactions between the dyes and the bioadsorbent. The modified Redlich-Peterson (MRP) model was effective in describing the behavior of the binary system, indicating that the interaction forces with the adsorbate were significant. Thus, the bioadsorbent showed promising results for competitive adsorption, thus being of relevance to the industrial sector. Density functional calculations were also performed to characterize the atomic interactions for the removal of both dyes on mandarin peels.

DFT Study of Adsorption Behavior of Nitro Species on Carbon-Doped Boron Nitride Nanoribbons for Toxic Gas Sensing.

The modifications of the electronic properties on carbon-doped boron nitride nanoribbons (BNNRs) as a response to the adsorption of different nitro species were investigated in the framework of the density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation. Calculations were performed using the SIESTA code. We found that the main response involved tuning the original magnetic behavior to a non-magnetic system when the molecule was chemisorbed on the carbon-doped BNNR. It was also revealed that some species could be dissociated through the adsorption process. Furthermore, the nitro species preferred to interact over nanosurfaces where dopants substituted the B sublattice of the carbon-doped BNNRs. Most importantly, the switch on the magnetic behavior offers the opportunity to apply these systems to fit novel technological applications.

Síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño en pacientes postoperados de cateterismo cardiaco / Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with acute coronary syndrome, post-operative cardiac catheterization

Resumen La prevalencia del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) es de hasta un 10%, y puede presentar complicaciones sistémicas, como las cardiovasculares. En la población adulta, la cardiopatía isquémica sigue siendo una de las primeras causas de mortalidad. Existen reportes en la literatura médica mundial en los que hay una alta correlación del SAHOS en pacientes que han presentado síndrome coronario agudo (SICA), dichos estudios se han hecho en poblaciones con características físicas y sociodemográficas distintas a las que presenta nuestra población. Existe una alta correlación (prevalencia 100%) entre el SAHOS y el SICA, donde el más prevalente es el grado de intensidad severo. Los factores de riesgo que demuestran una alta prevalencia en la población estudiada, ateroesclerosis, dislipidemia e hipertensión arterial sistémica, sedentarismo, tabaquismo, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y el alcoholismo.

Abstract The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSA) is up to 10%, and it can present systemic complications, such as cardiovascular ones. In the adult population, ischemic heart disease remains one of the leading causes of mortality. There are reports in the world medical literature in which there is a high correlation of OSA in patients who have presented acute coronary syndrome (ACS), these studies have been done in populations with physical and sociodemographic characteristics different from those of our population. There is a high correlation (prevalence 100%) between OSA and ACS, where the most prevalent is the degree of severe intensity. The risk factors that demonstrate a high prevalence in the population studied, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia and systemic arterial hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, type 2 diabetes mellitus and alcoholism.

Electronic properties and reactivity of oxidized graphene nanoribbons and their interaction with phenol.

The effect of the oxidized functional groups on the structural, electronic, and reactivity properties of armchair graphene nanoribbons has been investigated in the framework of the density functional theory. The presence of functional groups near the edges stabilizes the oxidized graphene nanoribbons (OGNRs) more than substituting near the center. Overall, we found slight differences in the electronic properties of OGNRs concerning the pristine ones. The oxygen contribution of functional groups to the DOS is found in the conducting energy bands far from the Fermi level. Consequently, the semiconducting behavior is maintained after doping. Based on the reactivity of OGNRs, the most promising nanostructures were proposed as adsorbents studying the interaction and complexation with phenol, a critical pollutant removed mainly by hydrotreating processes (HDO) to produce bio-oil. Parallel and perpendicular phenol conformations were found towards the OGNRs in the optimized complexes driven by a physisorption process. These results provide significant insights for catalytic processes that use biomass derivatives containing phenolic compounds. The physisorption of streams containing pollutants on OGNRs could be adapted to new technological applications for the remotion of aromatic compounds under environmentally friendly operational conditions.

Non-exposure procedure to aerosols during a tracheostomy under biosafety isolation in SARS CoV-2.

A tracheostomy performed on patients infected with SARS CoV-2 is one of the procedures with the highest risks of aerosolization. Safety recommendations for carrying out this procedure are not suitable for implementation in every hospital. Despite the use of Personal Protection Equipment, the suit leaves the submental area unprotected, and even the face mask may not provide a full seal. The use of additional biosafety isolation equipment increases safety, thus preventing exposure to infecting particles and allowing the surgeon to perform the technique with the use of the available equipment; it reduces the risks of further trans-surgical complications and increases the possibilities of handling them in case they arise.

Reactivity of Atomically Functionalized C-Doped Boron Nitride Nanoribbons and Their Interaction with Organosulfur Compounds.

The electronic and reactivity properties of carbon doped (C-doped) boron nitride nanoribbons (BNNRs) as a function of the carbon concentration were investigated in the framework of the density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation. We found that the main routes to stabilize energetically the C-doped BNNRs involve substituting boron atoms near the edges. However, the effect of doping on the electronic properties depends of the sublattice where the C atoms are located; for instance, negative doping (partial occupations of electronic states) is found replacing B atoms, whereas positive doping (partial inoccupation of electronic states) is found when replacing N atoms with respect to the pristine BNNRs. Independently of the even or odd number of dopants of the C-doped BNNRs studied in this work, the solutions of the Kohn Sham equations suggest that the most stable solution is the magnetic one. The reactivity of the C-doped BNNRs is inferred from results of the dual descriptor, and it turns out that the main electrophilic sites are located near the dopants along the C-doped BNNRs. The reactivity of these nanostructures is tested by calculating the interaction energy between undesirable organosulfur compounds present in oil fuels on the C-doped BNNRs, finding that organosulfur compounds prefer to interact over nanosurfaces with dopants substituted on the B sublattice of the C-doped BNNRs. Most importantly, the selective C doping on the BNNRs offers the opportunity to tune the properties of the BNNRs to fit novel technological applications.

Laparoscopic extravesical ureteral reimplantation (LEVUR): a multicenter experience with 95 cases.

INTRODUCTION: Minimally invasive techniques have been used to treat vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on pediatric patients. The aim of this study is to review the experience of the laparoscopic approach for VUR by the laparoscopic extravesical ureteral reimplantation (LEVUR) Lich-Gregoir technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a multicentric retrospective study. From 2001 to 2009, 81 pediatric patients with VUR constituting 95 ureteral units underwent LEVUR. Reflux was grade II in 32%, grade III in 55%, and grade IV in 8%. RESULTS: LEVUR was performed successfully on the 81 patients with 95 ureteral units. Mean operative time was 105 minutes for left-sided reimplants, 70 minutes for right sided, and 180 minutes for bilateral reimplants. Mean hospital stay was 1.6 days. Urinary catheter was kept in place for a mean time of 0.5 days. Follow-up was achieved for at least 1 year with regular clinic visits, urinalysis, ultrasound, and voiding cystourethrogram. Four patients (4.2%) had evidence of recurrent VUR in a follow-up of 6 to 36 months after antireflux surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Although new endoscopic techniques have been widely available for VUR, they have a lower success rate and might require multiple attempts before success. We report that LEVUR has an acceptable success rate (95.8%) and durability compared with open and endoscopic procedures.

Duplicación del intestino posterior primitivo: reporte de caso / Duplication of the hindgut and lower urinary tract: case report

Se presenta el caso de una joven de trece años de edad, quien consultó al servicio de cirugía infantil del Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe con historia de malformaciones pélvicas desde el nacimiento y colostomía, de cinco años de evolución. En el examen físico presentaba colostomía, fístula anal, duplicaciones de vulva, clítoris, canal vaginal, uretra y también doble pliegue interglúteo. Se realizaron diferentes modalidades diagnósticas (cistouretrografía miccional, urodinamia, gammagrafía renal, tomografía y resonancia magnética) y se hizo el diagnóstico de duplicación del intestino inferior, rara anomalía congénita de la que se cuenta con menos de 50 casos reportados en la literatura. Durante la hospitalización se le realizó una corrección quirúrgica exitosa de las anomalías encontradas.

A 13 y/o female consulted to HPTU PD’s surgery department with a history of pelvic malformations since she was born and complaining about a colostomy done five years ago. On clinical examination an anal fistula was seen as well as perineal organs duplicatedincluding: vulva - four labia, clitoris, vaginal canal, urethra, also double gluteal cleft. Several diagnostic modalities were performed (voiding cystourethrography, urodynamic, renalscan, CT and MRI) having a diagnosis of complete duplication of the hindgut and lower urinary tract , a rare congenital anomaly that has fewer than 50 cases reported in the literature. During hospitalization she underwent successful abdominopelvic surgicalcorrection.

Agresividad, trastorno antisocial y violencia / Aggressiveness, antisocial upheaval and violence

La violencia interpersonal y colectiva es tan antigua como el hombre; en nuestra generación con la globalización, se observa un aumento de la exportación de la violencia y su incremento en todo el mundo. Los factores de su origen son múltiples: social, familiar, educativo, cultural, económico, biológico, etc. Los sociólogos y los neurocientíficos siguen estudiando intensamente las relaciones entre la conducta humana y la función cerebral. Por otra parte, es indispensable que la sociedad hondureña identifique las formas de violencia que se desarrollan en el entorno doméstico, familiar, laboral y escolar, incluyendo el maltrato a los animales. Esta revisión desarrolla los diferentes aspectos del origen, expresión y resultado de la violencia en la sociedad...

Agresividad, trastorno antisocial y violencia / Aggressiveness, antisocial upheaval and violence

La violencia interpersonal y colectiva es tan antigua como el hombre; en nuestra generación con la globalización, se observa un aumento de la exportación de la violencia y su incremento en todo el mundo. Los factores de su origen son múltiples: social, familiar, educativo, cultural, económico, biológico, etc. Los sociólogos y los neurocientíficos siguen estudiando intensamente las relaciones entre la conducta humana y la función cerebral. Por otra parte, es indispensable que la sociedad hondureña identifique las formas de violencia que se desarrollan en el entorno doméstico, familiar, laboral y escolar, incluyendo el maltrato a los animales. Esta revisión desarrolla los diferentes aspectos del origen, expresión y resultado de la violencia en la sociedad...(AU)

Impacto de la mortalidad materna en la familia, especialmente en la niñez, de Occidente de Honduras / Impact of maternal death in the familie, especially in the children, occidental region of Honduras

ANTECEDENTES. La mortalidad materna en Honduras se ha asociado a la pobreza, al acceso a los servicios de salud y aspectos culturales y de género. OBJETIVO. Determinar los condicionantes y el impacto de la mortalidad materna en la familia, con énfasis en la niñez del Occidente de Honduras. METODOLOGIA. Se evaluó 16 casos en la Región Sanitaria No 5, durante el año 2002 mediante dos enfoques: cuantitativo y cualitativo, siendo las principales variables los datos sociodemográficos, gineco-obstétricos, acceso a las Unidades productoras de Salud, causas de muerte, constitución de los grupos familiares antes y despues de la defunción y entrevistas de profundidad. RESULTADOS. el 68% de las fallecidas tenían 20 a 34 años de edad, 38% era analfabeta y 25% no tuvo el apoyo ni presencia de la pareja durante el embarazo. Las causas de muerte fueron hemorragia (38%), choque séptico (31%)y eclampsia (13%). Todas tuvieron problemas de acceso oprtuno a atensión médica durante el embarazo, parto y puerperio. De 18 productos (dos gemelares), dos fueron óbitos, 4 muertes neonatales y 1 muerte infantil. La mayoría de los 50 huérfanos (54%) era menor de 5 años.Las familias afectadas emigraron a otros hogares y una familias adoptaron completamente a otras. Se encontró rasgos depresivos y de desnutricón en los huérfanos. También hubo separación de los padres, 60% de ellos tenía nueva pareja a menos de un año de la muerte materna. CONCLUSION. Además de la fragmentación de la familia la mortalidad materna produjo impacto físico, psicológico, espiritual y social mayor en los 50 huérfanos. Los factores condicionantes fueron: difísil acceso geografico a servicios de salud, pobreza, analfabetismo y la oposición de algunos cónyuges al control prenatal

Impacto de la mortalidad materna en la familia, especialmente en la niñez, de Occidente de Honduras / Impact of maternal death in the familie, especially in the children, occidental region of Honduras

ANTECEDENTES. La mortalidad materna en Honduras se ha asociado a la pobreza, al acceso a los servicios de salud y aspectos culturales y de género. OBJETIVO. Determinar los condicionantes y el impacto de la mortalidad materna en la familia, con énfasis en la niñez del Occidente de Honduras. METODOLOGIA. Se evaluó 16 casos en la Región Sanitaria No 5, durante el año 2002 mediante dos enfoques: cuantitativo y cualitativo, siendo las principales variables los datos sociodemográficos, gineco-obstétricos, acceso a las Unidades productoras de Salud, causas de muerte, constitución de los grupos familiares antes y despues de la defunción y entrevistas de profundidad. RESULTADOS. el 68% de las fallecidas tenían 20 a 34 años de edad, 38% era analfabeta y 25% no tuvo el apoyo ni presencia de la pareja durante el embarazo. Las causas de muerte fueron hemorragia (38%), choque séptico (31%)y eclampsia (13%). Todas tuvieron problemas de acceso oprtuno a atensión médica durante el embarazo, parto y puerperio. De 18 productos (dos gemelares), dos fueron óbitos, 4 muertes neonatales y 1 muerte infantil. La mayoría de los 50 huérfanos (54%) era menor de 5 años.Las familias afectadas emigraron a otros hogares y una familias adoptaron completamente a otras. Se encontró rasgos depresivos y de desnutricón en los huérfanos. También hubo separación de los padres, 60% de ellos tenía nueva pareja a menos de un año de la muerte materna. CONCLUSION. Además de la fragmentación de la familia la mortalidad materna produjo impacto físico, psicológico, espiritual y social mayor en los 50 huérfanos. Los factores condicionantes fueron: difísil acceso geografico a servicios de salud, pobreza, analfabetismo y la oposición de algunos cónyuges al control prenatal

Trauma cardiaco, secuelas post traumaticas: presentacion de dos casos / Cardiac trauma, posttraumatic sequelae: presentation of two cases

Las secuelas tempranas o tardias que se desarrollan en los pacientes que han sufrido un trauma cardiaco, son relativamente frecuentes. Estas lesiones comunmente pasan inadvertidas en el momento del trauma y se diagnostican posteriormente mediante la aparicion de un soplo cardiaco o una falla cardiaca refractaria. En esta revision se informa de dos casos tratados con exito por la Seccion de Cirugia Cardiovascular del Hospital Universitario San Juan de Dios. Se analizan la incidencia, el diagnostico y el tratamiento de este tipo de lesiones