Tiroidite supurativa com evoluçäo fulminante em diabéticos / Suppurative thyroiditis with fulminant evolution in diabetics

Os autores apresentam dois casos de tiroidite supurativa em diabéticos tipo II, enfocando a evoluçäo rápida para sepse, levando a óbito um dos pacientes. Diagnóstico precoce, uso de antibióticos e drenagem cirúrgica ampla säo necessários para impedir um curso fatal nesses pacientes. Apresentam também uma breve revisäo sobre tiroidite supurativa

[Suppurative thyroiditis with fatal course in diabetics]. / Tiroidite supurativa com evolução fulminante em diabéticos.

The authors report two case studies of suppurative thyroiditis in type II diabetics patients, giving emphasis to the rapid evolution for sepsis, which took one of the patients to death. An earlier diagnosis, antibiotictherapy and a large surgical drainage are essential to avoid a fatal course in these patients. A brief review of suppurative thyroiditis is also presented.

Mixed enzymic reaction--internal diffusion kinetics of nonuniformly distributed immobilized enzymes. The system agarose-micrococcal endonuclease.

Two types of (CNBr-activated) Agarose-staphylococcal endonuclease derivatives have been prepared, one with the enzyme uniformly distributed in the support, and the other with the enzyme preferentially bound in the most external part of the support particles; the latter were obtained using agarose of very small pores and a high degree of activation. Quantitative enzyme distribution has been determined by scanning fluorescence microscopy. With these insoluble enzyme derivatives, a kinetic study for the hydrolysis of a mononucleotide has been carried out. A simple theoretical model for nonuniformly distributed insoluble enzyme derivatives, which considers only the case of mixed enzymic reaction-internal diffusion kinetics, is proposed. The experimental data agree very well with the predictions of the model.

Determination of intrinsic properties of immobilized enzymes : 1. Kinetic studies on sepharose-staphylococcal nuclease in the absence of diffusional limitations.

Staphylococcal nuclease has been insolubilized, directly through its amino groups, on CNBr-activated Sepharose 2B. For kinetic studies, a small substrate (thymidine 5'-(p-nitrophenyl phosphate) 3'-phosphate) has been used to measure the hydrolytic activity. With this system the absence of diffusional limitation has been proven. Eadie-Hofstee analysis of the data has been employed to determine the intrinsic kinetic constants of the insolubilized enzyme. Thek cat-pH andK M-pH profiles and the activation energies are similar for the soluble and for the insolubilized nuclease. At the same time conditions are established in which a stirred batch reactor containing particles of insolubilized nuclease behaves as an open system.

Determination of intrinsic properties of immobilized enzymes : 2. Kinetic studies on sepharose-staphylococcal nuclease in the presence of diffusional limitations.

Using a small substrate (thymidine 5'-(p-nitrophenyl phosphate) 3'-phosphate), the kinetics of staphylococcal nuclease insolubilized on CNBr-activated Sepharoses 4B and 6B are affected by internal diffusional limitations. Since we demonstrate that we are working under conditions in which external mass-transfer resistances do not influence the reaction rate, we propose a simple theoretical model that considers only the case of mixed enzymic reaction-internal diffusion kinetics. In the Eadie-Hofstee plots we find very good agreement between theory and experiment. The model accounts very well for the results obtained by changing support texture, reaction conditions, and/or enzyme concentration in the insoluble derivatives, variables that modify the diffusional restrictions of the system.