Fish oil supplementation and physical exercise during the development period increase cardiac antioxidant capacity in Wistar rats

Abstract Aim: To investigate if treadmill exercise (Ex) associated with fish oil (FO) supplementation during lactation would influence the biochemical profile as well as the oxidative balance in the hearts of male juvenile rats. Methods: Fifteen days-old rats were submitted to a daily moderate Ex training (based on their maximal running capacity) and FO supplementation for 4 weeks. Forty-eight hours after the last exercise session, blood fasting glucose and lipid profile were assessed according to the manufacturer's recommendations, while the oxidative status of the hearts was evaluated via colorimetric and absorbance-based assays. Results: FO associated with Ex decreased triglycerides (TG-79.27 ± 5.75 to 60.24 ± 6.25 mg/dL) and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (VLDL-15.85 ± 1.15 to 12.05 ± 1.25 mg/dL) when compared to sedentary animals. FO, alone, reduced atherogenic index (AI- 1.14 ± 0.03 vs. 1.01 ± 0.04 a.u) while increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-43.90 ± 2.50 vs. 59.43 ± 3.15 mg/dL) of sedentary animals. Additionally, both Ex (67.3 ± 13.5 nmol/mg prot) and FO supplementation (56.6 ± 5.5 nmol/mg prot) decreased the oxidative damage to lipids in non-trained animals (105.8 ± 10.8 nmol/mg prot). The interventions also protected the protein content from oxidative stress (Ex- 5.15 ± 0.46; FO- 4.5 ± 0.5; and vehicle sedentary-7.3 ± 0.6 µmol/mg prot), while increasing the antioxidant defense and oxidative metabolism. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that intervention in juvenile rats can improve cardiac metabolism. These are the first findings to show the positive effects of the association between FO and moderate treadmill Ex during the critical period of development. We believe these results can drive early-life origins of heart disease through different avenues and, possibly, assist the development of a heart disease prevention program as well as an adjunctive therapeutic resource.

Tratamiento hipercalcêmico em nefropata pós paratireoidectomia: relato de caso / Hypercalcaemic treatment in post parathyroidectomy renal disease: case report

Introdução: O declínio da função renal promove altera- ções no metabolismo do cálcio, fósforo, vitamina D e paratormônio. Essas modificações podem resultar em hiperparatireoidismo secundário à doença renal crônica. Método: Trata-se de um relato de caso do tipo observacional descritivo. Discussão: O hiperparatireoidismo secundário pode causar calcificação de tecidos, inclusive do miocárdio, pondo o indivíduo em risco de vida. O tratamento é indicado é comumente cirúrgico, entretanto o paciente pode evolui com a síndrome da fome óssea, caracterizada por um quadro de hipocalcemia grave. Esse quadro deve ser revertido o mais breve possível. Todavia, não há na literatura científica uma dose recomendada de cálcio por dia para esse tipo de paciente, Portanto este relato tem o objetivo de descrever a terapêutica usada e quantidade de cálcio por dia que se mostrou eficiente em reverter a síndrome. Resultados: A suplementação medicamentosa de cálcio, quando associada à suplementação alimentar obteve melhora relevante, em torno de 83%, no nível sérico de cálcio. Conclusões: A suplementação alimentar de cálcio otimizou a elevação dos níveis séricos de cálcio contribuindo para o tratamento medicamentoso do paciente. O aumento na incidência de casos como este, traz à comunidade cientifica, a necessidade de estipular uma dose de cálcio\dia, onde a que foi eficaz em nosso estudo, foi cerca de 3 vezes a RDA para doentes renais crônicos

Introduction: The decline in kidney function causes changes in calcium metabolism, phosphorus, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone. These changes can result in hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic kidney disease. Method: This is a case report of descriptive observational. Discussion: Secondary hyperparathyroidism can cause calcification of tissues, including the myocardium, putting the individual at risk of life. The treatment is indicated is commonly surgery, however, the patient may evolve with hungry bone syndrome characterized by a severe hypocalcemia above. This must be reversed as soon as possible. However, there isn't in the scientific literature a recommended dose of calcium by day for this type of patient, so this report is intended to describe the therapeutic use and amount of calcium a day that proved effective in reversing the syndrome. Results: The calcium supplementation, when combined with food supplementation achieved significant improvement, around 83% in the serum calcium level. Conclusions: Dietary calcium supplementation optimized the elevated serum calcium levels contributing to the medical treatment of the patient. The increase in the incidence of cases like this, brings the scientific community, the need to state a calcium dose \ Day, where it has been effective in our study was about 3 times the RDA for chronic renal failure patients

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