Prevenção da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica sob a ótica de acadêmicos de enfermagem / Prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation under the optics of nursing academics / Prevención de la pneumonia asociada a la ventilación mecánica bajo la óptica de académicos de enfermeira

Objetivo: Descrever o conhecimento dos acadêmicos concluintes do curso de Enfermagem sobre a prevenção de Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica e comparar esse conhecimento entre esses acadêmicos nos anos de 2013 e 2016. Método: Pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, realizada com 59 acadêmicos concluintes de uma instituição pública de ensino superior, que responderam um questionário estruturado. Resultados: Observou-se que as principais respostas assertivas foram intervenções referentes à higienização das mãos (94,9%), sedação do paciente (89,8%), higiene oral (86,4%) e posição da sonda nasoentérica (83%). A Turma 2013 apresentou melhor conhecimento em relação à Turma 2016(p<0,05).Conclusão: Concluiu-se que os alunos podem estar completando o curso com noção básica dos cuidados para a prevenção da Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica, e alguns cuidados inobservados constituem um resultado necessário de ser reavaliado, precisando de um planejamento curricular das instituições de ensino que facilite o processo de ensino-aprendizado

Objective: To describe the knowledge of the nursing undergraduate students about the prevention of Pneumonia associated with Mechanical Ventilation and to compare this knowledge among these students in the years of 2013 and 2016. Method: Quantitative research carried out with 59 graduate students of an institution of higher education, who answered a structured questionnaire. Results: The main assertive responses were hand hygiene (94.9%), patient sedation (89.8%), oral hygiene (86.4%) and nasoenteric catheter position (83%). The Turma 2013 presented better knowledge regarding the Class of 2016 (p <0.05). Conclusions: It was concluded that students may be completing the course with a basic notion of care for the prevention of Pneumonia associated with Mechanical Ventilation, and some unobserved care are a necessary result of being reevaluated, requiring a curricular planning of the educational institutions that Facilitate the teaching-learning process

Objetivo: Describir el conocimiento de los académicos concluyentes del curso de Enfermería sobre la prevención de Neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica y comparar ese conocimiento entre estos acadêmicos en los años 2013 y 2016. Metodo: Investigación de naturaleza cuantitativa, realizada con 59 académicos concluyentes de una institución Pública, que respondieron un cuestionario estructurado. Resultados: Se observó que las principales respuestas fueron intervenciones referentes a la higienización de las manos (94,9%), sedación del paciente (89,8%), higiene oral (86,4%) y posición de la sonda nasoentérica (83%). La clase 2013 presentó mejor conocimiento en relación a la Clase 2016 (p <0,05). Conclusiones: Se concluyó que los alumnos pueden estar completando el curso con noción básica de los cuidados para la prevención de la Neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica, y algunos cuidados inobservados constituyen resultado necesario de ser reevaluado, precisando de una planificación curricular de las instituciones que facilita el enseñanza-aprendizaje

Acidentes de trabalho por trajeto ocorrido na região noroeste do Paraná: impactos e consequências / Labor accidents on workers route to work in the northwestern region of the state of Paraná, Brazil: impact and consequences

Objetivo ­ Analisar os acidentes de Trabalho por Trajeto, registrados no Instituto Nacional de Previdência Social-GEX Maringá-PR, no período de 2007 a 2011. Métodos ­ Os dados coletados foram apresentados em frequências absoluta e relativa descritiva. Resultados ­ Ocorreram 1.616 vítimas de acidentes de trabalho por trajeto, prevalência do sexo masculino, maior incidência no ano de 2008 com 25,31% contabilizando total de 24 óbitos. Maior frequência com o meio de locomoção moto, representando 37,06% do total de acidentes. Em todos os casos, os índices de afastamento de trabalhadores de suas atividades laborais foram quase a totalidade dos registros. Maior prevalência do acometimento dos membros inferiores com 45,9%. Conclusões ­ Pela extensão dos acidentes de trabalho por trajeto é necessário que seja investido em ações de política governamentais e empresariais

Objective ­ To analyze Labor Accidents, registered at the National Institute of Social Security-GEX Maringá - PR Brazil, between 2007 and 2011, by route. Methods ­ Collected data were given as descriptive absolute and relative frequencies. Results ­ here were 1616 labor victims of accidents on workers´ route to work; males were prevalent, higher incidence in the year 2008, with 25.31%; featuring 24 deaths. Motorbikes had the highest frequency, with 37.06% of total accidents. In all cases the rate of labor absenteeism occurred in almost all the records. A higher prevalence of injury of the lower limbs, totaling 45,9%, occurred. Conclusions ­ By the extent of occupational accidents per routh needs to be invested in government and corporate policy actions.

Hip posterolateral musculature strengthening in sedentary women with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial with 1-year follow-up.

STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. OBJECTIVES: To determine if adding hip-strengthening exercises to a conventional knee exercise program produces better long-term outcomes than conventional knee exercises alone in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that a hip-strengthening program reduces pain and improves function in individuals with PFPS. However, there are no clinical trials evaluating long-term outcomes of this type of program compared to conventional knee-strengthening and -stretching exercises. METHODS: Fifty-four sedentary women between 20 and 40 years of age, with a diagnosis of unilateral PFPS, were randomly assigned knee exercise (KE) or knee and hip exercise (KHE). The women in the KE group (n = 26; mean age, 23 years) performed a 4-week conventional knee-stretching and -strengthening program. The women in the KHE group (n = 28; mean age, 22 years) performed the same exercises as those in the KE group, as well as strengthening exercises for the hip abductors, lateral rotators, and extensors. An 11-point numeric pain rating scale, the Lower Extremity Functional Scale, the Anterior Knee Pain Scale, and a single-hop test were used as outcome measures at baseline (pretreatment) and 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment. RESULTS: At baseline, demographic, pain, and functional assessment data were similar between groups. Those in the KHE group had a higher level of function and less pain at 3, 6, and 12 months compared to baseline (P<.05). In contrast, the KE group had reduced pain only at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (P<.05), without any changes in Lower Extremity Functional Scale, Anterior Knee Pain Scale, or hop testing (P>.05) through the course of the study. Compared to the KE group, the KHE group had less pain and better function at 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment (P<.05). For the Lower Extremity Functional Scale, the between-group difference in change scores from baseline at 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment favored the KHE group by 22.0, 22.0, and 20.8 points, respectively. CONCLUSION: Knee-stretching and -strengthening exercises supplemented by hip posterolateral musculature-strengthening exercises were more effective than knee exercises alone in improving long-term function and reducing pain in sedentary women with PFPS.

As aventuras de Alice no país dos intelectuais / Alice's adventures in the intelectual's land

Este trabalho faz uma analogia do universo acadêmico ao país das maravilhas criado por Lewis Carrol. Para tanto, utilizamos a linguagem metafórica a fim de descrever conflitos e fragilidades existentes na realidade de muitos dos intelectuais brasileiros. O embasamento teórico desenvolvido neste artigo será composto de referências provenientes da Teoria Social Crítica e análises críticas do campo acadêmico. Tendo como inspiração epistemológica alguns trabalhos oriundos deste campo de conhecimento, nossa proposta se estabelecerá na interface entre a realidade e a fantasia, estabelecendo ligações lógicas com os conceitos trabalhados por autores como: Bourdieu, Gramsci, Adorno, Marx, Weber, Durkheim, entre outros. O objetivo principal deste artigo é o de repensar o espaço acadêmico na contemporaneidade. Para tanto, advogaremos que a tarefa básica da teoria prática educacional é a de facilitar o homem a refletir sobre a realidade que o condiciona, facilitando assim sua emancipação. Tal proposta visa confrontar-se com a visão de alguns autores que defendem que a emancipação se dará anteriormente pelo esclarecimento das massas e não pelo autoconhecimento.

This work is an analogy of the academic world to Wonderland, created by Lewis Carroll. To this end, we have used the metaphorical language to describe conflicts and weaknesses existing in the reality of many of brazilian intellectuals. The theoretical basis developed in this article will be composed of references from critical social theory and critical analysis from the academic field. Taking its inspiration from the epistemological work of this field of knowledge, our proposal is to establish the interface between reality and fantasy, establishing logical connections with concept used by authors such as Bourdieu, Gramsci, Adorno, Marx, Weber, Durkheim, among others. The aim of this paper is to rethink the academic space in the contemporary. For this, we advocate that the basic task of practical theory of education is to facilitate the emancipation of man. This proposal aims to confront the view of some authors who argue that the emancipation will take place before by the clarification of the masses, and not by self knowledge.