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1.
Metas enferm ; 24(9): 14-20, Nov. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-223292

RESUMO

Objetivo: desarrollar y evaluar una propuesta de intervención enfermera multicomponente en Atención Primaria para la prevención de caídas en personas de 65 años o más.Metodología: estudio cuasi-experimental antes-después de grupo único. Se reclutaron 30 pacientes con alto riesgo de caídas por conveniencia. La intervención consistió en una revisión individualizada del tratamiento farmacológico y en dos sesiones grupales: una sobre identificación de riesgos y prevención de caídas, y otra sobre ejercicio físico y fortalecimiento muscular. Para la evaluación se administró un cuestionario ad hoc antes de la intervención, inmediatamente después y transcurridos cuatro meses post-intervención. Para el análisis estadístico se emplearon pruebas de contraste de hipótesis no paramétricas para muestras apareadas con un nivel de significación p< 0,05.Resultados: participaron 27 personas (90%). La mayoría era mujer (77,8%), viudo/a (51,9%), sin estudios (48,1%) y vivía en pareja (40,7%). Un 74% era polimedicado y solo en 2/4 casos se pudieron retirar benzodiacepinas. Se observó una mejora significativa en los conocimientos sobre prevención de caídas y, aunque a los cuatro meses eran inferiores que en el análisis postintervención, fueron mayores que los preintervención. También se halló un aumento significativo en el número de horas practicando ejercicio físico (p= 0,008) y una disminución destacada en el número de caídas, de 15 en el año preintervención a seis en el año post-intervención (p= 0,004).Conclusiones: esta intervención enfermera multicomponente puede contribuir a disminuir el riesgo de caídas en personas mayores a corto y medio plazo y/o complementar otras intervenciones encaminadas para dicho fin.(AU)


Objective: to develop and evaluate a proposal for a multicomponent nursing intervention in Primary Care for the prevention of falls in persons who are over 65 years old.Methodology: a quasi-experimental before-and-after single-arm study, where 30 patients with high risk of falls were recruited by convenience. The intervention consisted in an individualized review of their pharmacological treatment, and of two group sessions: one on risk detection and prevention of falls, and another one on physical exercise and muscular strengthening. An ad-hoc questionnaire was administered before the intervention, immediately after, and four months after the intervention. Non-parametric hypothesis contrast tests were used for paired samples with a p< 0.05 level of significance.Results: twenty-seven (27) persons (90%) were included; the majority were female (77.8%), widowed (51.9%), without formal education (48.1%) and living with a partner (40.7%). Of these, 74% were on multiple medication, and benzodiazepines could only be discontinued in 2/4 cases. A significant improvement was observed regarding knowledge for preventing falls, and even though this was lower at four months than in the post-intervention analysis, it was higher than pre-intervention. There was also a significant increase in the number of hours doing physical exercise (p= 0.008) and a significant reduction in the number of falls, from 15 in the pre-intervention year to six in the post-intervention year (p= 0.004).Conclusions: this multicomponent nursing intervention can contribute to reduce the risk of falls in elderly persons at short and medium term and/or complement other interventions targeted to the same aim.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Acidentes por Quedas/prevenção & controle , Enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Planos e Programas de Saúde , Idoso Fragilizado , Terminologia Padronizada em Enfermagem , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários , Interpretação Estatística de Dados
2.
Nefrologia ; 37(2): 172-180, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28434703

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The evidence of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimating with serum creatinine based formulae in the elderly population is scarce. The purpose of this study is to compare CKD-EPI, MRD4-IDMS and BIS1 equations to analyse correlation and concordance in a population older than 85 years old. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We designed a retrospective cross-sectional study, which included data from 600 patients older than 85 years. GFR was estimated by the following equations: CKD-EPI, MDR4-IDMS and BIS1, using as variables sex, age and serum creatinine concentration. Statistics analysis included Wilcoxon test, Bland-Altman plot, non-parametric Passing-Bablok method and kappa statistic (simple and weighted). RESULTS: The patients' median (range) age was 87 (interval 85-98). The median GFR (range) was 42.4 (5.2-127.4) mL/min/1.73 m2, when it was estimated with MDRD-IDMS, 40.0 (4.5-93.1) for CKD-EPI and 36.9 (7.6-83.7) for BIS1. The comparison of BIS1 and CKD-EPI and MDRD-IDMS using the Wilcoxon test was significant (P<.001). The regression analysis yielded the following equations: MDRD-IDMS= 1,025×CKD-EPI+1.360; BIS1= 0.688×CKD-EPI+9.074 and BIS1= 0.666×MDRD-IDMS+8.401. The weighted coefficient was 0.958 for the concordance between MDRD-IDMS and CKD-EPI, 0.812 for the concordance between MDRD-IDMS and BIS1 and 0.846 for CKD-EPI and BIS1. CONCLUSIONS: The GFR estimations obtained with BS1 equation are not interchangeable with MDRD-IDMS or CKD-EPI equations. BIS1 estimates lower GFR values than MDRD-IDMS and CKD-EPI and tends to classify the patients in a more advanced chronic kidney disease stage, especially for estimated GFR higher than 29mL/min/1.73 m2.


Assuntos
Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Conceitos Matemáticos
3.
Nefrología (Madr.) ; 37(2): 172-180, mar.-abr. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-162171

RESUMO

Antecedentes: La estimación del filtrado glomerular (FG) en el anciano con las fórmulas basadas en la creatinina es limitada. El objetivo del estudio es comparar las ecuaciones CKD-EPI, MDRD-IDMS y BIS1 y analizar la correlación y la concordancia en una población mayor de 85 años. Pacientes y métodos: Realizamos un estudio transversal retrospectivo y se recogieron datos de 600 pacientes mayores de 85 años. Se estimó el FG por las ecuaciones CKD-EPI, MDRD-IDMS y BIS1 a partir de datos de sexo, edad y creatinina. El estudio estadístico incluyó el test de Wilcoxon, análisis de Bland-Altman, rectas de regresión de Passing-Bablok, concordancia bruta e índice ponderado. Resultados: La mediana (intervalo) de edad de los pacientes fue 87 (85-98). Las medianas del filtrado glomerular estimado por MDRD-IDMS fueron 42,4 (5,2-127,4) mL/min/1,73 m2, según CKD-EPI 40,0 (4,5-93,1) mL/min/1,73 m2 y por BIS1 36,9 (7,6-83,7) mL/min/1,73 m2. La comparación mediante test de Wilcoxon de BIS1 con CKD-EPI y MDRD-IDMS fue significativa (p<0,001). El análisis de regresión dio lugar a las siguientes ecuaciones: MDRD-IDMS = 1,025×CKD-EPI+1,36; BIS1=0,688×CKD-EPI+9,074 y BIS1=0,666×MDRD-IDMS+8,401. La concordancia ponderada entre MDRD-IDMS y CKD-EPI fue κ=0,598; entre MDRD-IDMS y BIS1: κ=0,812 y entre CKD-EPI y BIS1: κ=0,846. Conclusiones: Las estimaciones de FG obtenidas con la ecuación BIS1 no son intercambiables ni con MDRD-IDMS ni con CKD-EPI. La ecuación BIS1 presenta valores más bajos que MDRD-IDMS y CKD-EPI, y tiende a clasificar en un estadio mayor de ERC a los pacientes, sobre todo a partir de un FG estimado de 29mL/min/1,73 m2 (AU)


Background: The evidence of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimating with serum creatinine based formulae in the elderly population is scarce. The purpose of this study is to compare CKD-EPI, MRD4-IDMS and BIS1 equations to analyse correlation and concordance in a population older than 85 years old. Patients and methods: We designed a retrospective cross-sectional study, which included data from 600 patients older than 85 years. GFR was estimated by the following equations: CKD-EPI, MDR4-IDMS and BIS1, using as variables sex, age and serum creatinine concentration. Statistics analysis included Wilcoxon test, Bland-Altman plot, non-parametric Passing-Bablok method and kappa statistic (simple and weighted). Results: The patients’ median (range) age was 87 (interval 85-98). The median GFR (range) was 42.4 (5.2-127.4) mL/min/1.73 m2, when it was estimated with MDRD-IDMS, 40.0 (4.5-93.1) for CKD-EPI and 36.9 (7.6-83.7) for BIS1. The comparison of BIS1 and CKD-EPI and MDRD-IDMS using the Wilcoxon test was significant (P<.001). The regression analysis yielded the following equations: MDRD-IDMS= 1,025×CKD-EPI+1.360; BIS1= 0.688×CKD-EPI+9.074 and BIS1= 0.666×MDRD-IDMS+8.401. The weighted coefficient was 0.958 for the concordance between MDRD-IDMS and CKD-EPI, 0.812 for the concordance between MDRD-IDMS and BIS1 and 0.846 for CKD-EPI and BIS1. Conclusions: The GFR estimations obtained with BS1 equation are not interchangeable with MDRD-IDMS or CKD-EPI equations. BIS1 estimates lower GFR values than MDRD-IDMS and CKD-EPI and tends to classify the patients in a more advanced chronic kidney disease stage, especially for estimated GFR higher than 29mL/min/1.73 m2 (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular/fisiologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Creatinina/análise , Testes de Função Renal/métodos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
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